Fengshui forest management by the Buyi ethnic minority in China

Fengshui forests, very popular among the ethnic minorities in the rural areas in Guizhou Province of China, have spiritual symbolic meanings and are strictly managed. This paper examines the nature, history, local perceptions and management of fengshui forests in two Buyi villages in the Guizhou Province. With their long history, the fengshui forests are perceived to provide good wishes, security, unity, fortune, wealth and health to the local communities. Fengshui forests act as a form of “community based nature reserve” which maintains the health of natural forests, especially hydrological features and prevention of soil erosion. Cunguimingyue (Folk Regulation and Customs) is the primary local normative mechanism that maintains the fengshui forests in a good condition. The lessons learnt from local fengshui forest management needs to be incorporated in for contemporary China's forest policy formulation as these forests play an important role in rural livelihoods.     

基于特征筛选算法的数字土壤制图研究

平缓地带数字土壤制图中，环境协变量的选择是提高制图精度的关键。已有研究证明遥感影像可作为推理制图的辅助因子，而如何确定环境因子推理制图时各自的权重已成为现阶段研究的重点。选取湖北省麻城市乘马岗镇为研究区，采用3种特征筛选方法进行有效环境变量筛选，探索参与平原-丘陵混合区域制图的因子并确定其重要性，依据选择的相对稳定的指标，进一步探索提高土壤类型制图准确性的途径。根据141个野外独立样点的检验结果表明：在推理制图中，遥感因子在平原区域的重要性程度高于丘陵区域，且遥感因子中归一化植被指数(NDVI)和均值(Mean)较为稳定；基于递归特征算法的按地形推理制图精度最高为75.89%，分别高于ReliefF算法和基于Tree的特征筛选算法13.48%和4.97%；此外3种特征筛选算法制图结果中，按地形因子分区制图的精度均高于整体区域制图。因此，遥感因子作为辅助手段参与推理过程可有效提高制图精度。本研究采用的特征挖掘与机器学习算法对提升土壤制图精度具有一定的理论意义。     

知识经济与洛阳经济可持续发展

知识经济时代，洛阳经济可持续发展战略应该是：加大教育科研改革，全面实施“科教兴洛”战略，夯实知识经济的基础产业；扩大农业的知识资本投入量，促进农业产业化、企业化、资本化经营，实现农业知识化和现代化；得用新技术成果，对传统工业进行知识化改造，着力营造一批高新技术产亚，推动洛阳产业结构全面升级和优化。     

图书馆知识服务的服务营销

把服务营销应用于图书馆的知识服务 ,本文分析了知识服务的基本特征 ,图书馆开展知识服务的主要服务营销措施是“让用户成功”的大服务观、知识服务的全面质量管理、服务空间的拓展、人力资源的开发与管理     

基于赛博空间的图书馆员隐性知识共享

图书馆员的隐性知识是图书馆持续发展的动力,然而由于隐性知识本身特质导致其难以共享,其自身作用的发挥有所抑制。通过比较图书馆员隐性知识与赛博空间在文化特征方面的协调一致性,描述赛博空间对图书馆员隐性知识共享的拓展,凸显赛博空间是馆员隐性知识共享的有效方法。     

基于Web的造林专家咨询系统研究

利用新的信息技术,研究造林专家的造林决策方法,提出造林专家决策咨询系统的目的和功能,给出系统环境和结构、知识库和推理机的设计,建立一个基于网络的、适于不同地区的造林专家决策咨询系统,解决困扰着传统森林培育中的适地适树和造林设计问题.     

The propagation of Ramón (Brosimum alicastrum Sw.; Moraceae) in Mayan homegardens of the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico

In the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico, Maya natives have been propagating important species for centuries. However, little documentation exists of these methods, and traditional knowledge is fading as younger generations seek work in urban centers. With growing interest in using some of these species for plantation-scale production, this knowledge should be captured to aid in propagation and cultural methods of selected species. One such species, Ramón (Brosimum alicastrum Sw.), is grown in Mayan homegardens primarily as a source of dry season forage. We conducted a survey of Mayan families in several municipalities to determine basic propagation habits and procedures for cultivating Ramón, and used this information to conduct some controlled-environment studies of reproductive ecology of the species. Our survey showed that all or most Maya grow the Ramón tree in homegardens for forage and that the tree is both cultivated from wild seedlings as well as planted on a small scale. Propagation is by seed and young seedlings are irrigated until they are established. We examined the effects of temperature on seed germination and found that maximum germination occurred between 27° and 38 °C, with best germination and growth of healthy seedlings at 33 °C. No germination occurred below 21° or above 44 °C. Simulated Maya irrigation gave a four-fold increase in growth rate of seedlings, aiding early establishment. Watering gave seedlings of greater biomass, greater stem and root length, and greater numbers and size of leaves. This magnitude of response may provide an economic return for plantation culture of Ramón for forage production.     

广东传统林业乡土知识系统与乡村林业

广东省山区居民人口多，且多居住在林区。山区人民在长期生产和生活实践中，对其聚居地的森林资源产生了深刻的认识和了解，并对其赖以生存的森林资源形成了独特的利用与管理的传统知识和经验。文章对广东乡土林业传统管理与利用进行了初步探讨。     

An overview of animal science research 1945–2011 through science mapping analysis

The conceptual structure of the field of Animal Science (AS) research is examined by means of a longitudinal science mapping analysis. The whole of the AS research field is analysed, revealing its conceptual evolution. To this end, an automatic approach to detecting and visualizing hidden themes or topics and their evolution across a consecutive span of years was applied to AS publications of the JCR category ‘Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science’ during the period 1945–2011. This automatic approach was based on a coword analysis and combines performance analysis and science mapping. To observe the conceptual evolution of AS, six consecutive periods were defined: 1945–1969, 1970–1979, 1980–1989, 1990–1999, 2000–2005 and 2006–2011. Research in AS was identified as having focused on ten main thematic areas: ANIMAL‐FEEDING, SMALL‐RUMINANTS, ANIMAL‐REPRODUCTION, DAIRY‐PRODUCTION, MEAT‐QUALITY, SWINE‐PRODUCTION, GENETICS‐AND‐ANIMAL‐BREEDING, POULTRY, ANIMAL‐WELFARE and GROWTH‐FACTORS‐AND‐FATTY‐ACIDS. The results show how genomic studies gain in weight and integrate with other thematic areas. The whole of AS research has become oriented towards an overall framework in which animal welfare, sustainable management and human health play a major role. All this would affect the future structure and management of livestock farming.     

浅谈英语专业听力课中的英语新闻教学

在英语专业四级、八级考试中,听力部分都占据很大的比例,但这部分也是学生的主要失分点之一,尤其是其中的英语新闻的听力理解试题,学生的得分率普遍偏低.本文从英语新闻的结构特点、词汇特点和背景知识入手,探讨了解英语新闻的结构特点、词汇特点和背景知识在英语新闻听力教学中的重要性,并针对英语新闻听力教学提出几点建议.