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991.
992.
东海区刺鲳生长、死亡及资源利用状况评价 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
利用2001-2005年东海区26°30′~32°30′N,禁渔区线外200水深以浅的东海区大陆架海域底层拖网调查资料和生物学测定资料,利用ELEFAN I软件估算生长参数,拟合von-Bertalanffy生长方程,估算死亡系数,利用Beverton和Holt模型评价资源利用状况。研究结果表明:东海刺鲳的Von Bertalanffy生长方程的生长参数为:L∞ =267.8 mm;K=0.45/a;t0=-0.63 a。从生长速度看其生长过程是变化的,小时生长较快,当叉长达到178.5 mm时生长速度开始下降,此时年龄为1.81 a。利用Pauly公式和詹秉义等推导的M和最大年龄tλ的线性回归方程求得自然死亡系数M=0.81,用FiSAT II软件中的长度变换渔获曲线法、BH模式和用CPUE估算总死亡系数,得到Z=3.87,捕捞死亡系数F=3.06。根据Beverton和Holt的单位补充量等渔获量曲线,现行渔业点即F=3.06,tc=1.10 a位于最适产量区内,表明目前对刺鲳的资源利用较为合理,接近最大产量。保持目前的捕捞强度F=3.06和捕捞规格Lc=145 mm不变,不仅能够保持目前渔获量稳定,而且能够保护刺鲳的资源。刺鲳渔获量稳定且缓慢增长的重要原因在于开捕年龄较为合理,也就是网目尺寸较为合适,这对东海区主要经济鱼类资源的管理和保护具有很大的借鉴作用。 相似文献
993.
The first attempts at applying aquacultural techniques to sharpsnoutseabream (Diplodus puntazzo) have proved very promising.One of the factors to keep in mind when analysing the viability of a speciesforindustrial farming is that of consumer acceptance of the product, a variablethat can be measured by sensory evaluation tests. To that end, 107 participantsfrom a number of work centres were assessed with hedonic sensory tests usingsharpsnout seabream samples. For reference purposes, the tasting also includedgilthead seabream samples. Participants were asked to fill out a questionnairethat included questions concerning their preferences for any one fish. Weanalysed the sensory attributes of both fish species using a hedonic scale, andalso their acceptability (disposition to purchase) to consumers. The resultsproved fairly encouraging with a view to sharpsnout seabream large-scaleproduction. All attributes tested in the sensory profile analysis werepositively rated. About 60% of the surveyed population would consider buyingsharpsnout seabream at a price similar to that of gilthead seabream (10),and 85% found it to be pleasing to the eye. Aside from flavour, its texture,juiciness and fat level are the most important appraisal attributes. Efforts toimprove the organoleptic characteristics of the species should focus mainly onthese attributes. 相似文献
994.
- The noble crayfish (Astacus astacus) is an endangered freshwater species in Europe. The main threat is from lethal crayfish plague, caused by the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci that has been spread over Europe by introduced North American crayfish species, acting as chronic carriers of the disease.
- Most of the remaining noble crayfish populations are found in the Baltic Sea area, and there is an urgent need to implement conservation actions to slow down or halt the extinction rate in this region. However, limited knowledge about the genetic structure of populations in this area has so far precluded the development of conservation strategies that take genetic aspects into consideration.
- Key objectives of this large-scale genetic study, covering 77 locations mainly from northern Europe, were to describe the contemporary population genetic structure of the noble crayfish in the Fennoscandian peninsula (Sweden, Norway, and Finland), taking postglacial colonization history into account, and to evaluate how human activities such as stocking have affected the genetic structure of the populations.
- Analyses of 15 microsatellite markers revealed three main genetic clusters corresponding to populations in northern, middle, and southern Fennoscandia, with measures of genetic diversity being markedly higher within populations in the southern cluster. The observed genetic structure probably mirrors two main colonizations of the Baltic Sea basin after the last glaciation period. At the same time, several deviations from this pattern were observed, reflecting past human translocations of noble crayfish.
- The results are discussed in relation to the conservation and management of this critically endangered species. In particular, we recommend increased efforts to protect the few remaining noble crayfish populations in southern Fennoscandia and the use of genetic information when planning stocking activities, such as reintroductions following local extinctions.
995.
996.
997.
998.
- Amphibian populations worldwide are in decline. Proactive conservation techniques such as translocations into created and restored wetlands have gained popularity in recent years but may fail owing to high predation and low environmental adaptability.
- The Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum), affected by rapid urbanization, is now possibly extinct in the wild despite millions living in captivity throughout the world.
- The aim of this study was to explore whether ponds from an artificial wetland can function as temporary shelters for a viable population of axolotls that could be re-introduced into their native ecosystem in Xochimilco once it is restored.
- Egg-laying and hatching of 11 unique axolotl pairs placed into reproductive enclosures and larval survival to 7 weeks and up to 12 months were examined. Physicochemical and biological parameters were estimated and compared among ponds.
- The results from this study are encouraging as they suggest that two ponds have adequate conditions for axolotls to reproduce and for larvae and juveniles to survive.
999.
1000.
安徽省水稻品种(系)对稻瘟病和稻曲病的抗性评价 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
2013年对安徽省103份水稻品种(系)进行稻瘟病和稻曲病田间抗病性鉴定。结果表明,参试材料对稻瘟病表现抗病和中抗的分别有5份和9份,占13.59%;表现中感的有25份,占24.27%;表现感病和高感的分别有33份和31份,占62.14%。对稻曲病表现抗病和中抗的分别有6份和7份,占12.62%;中感的有55份,占53.40%;感病和高感的分别有29份和6份,占33.98%。对两种病害均能达到抗病或中抗的只有3份,分别是G优6号、Y两优1500和协优118。 相似文献