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11.
三江源区土壤侵蚀变化及驱动因素分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用修正通用土壤流失方程(revised universal soil loss equation, RUSLE)对三江源区1997-2012年的土壤侵蚀模数和土壤侵蚀量进行定量模拟,并对其生态工程实施前、后时空变化特征进行对比分析,采用空间叠加法分析降雨侵蚀力及植被覆盖度对土壤侵蚀状况的影响,利用模型参数控制法对气候变化和生态工程对土壤侵蚀变化的贡献率进行分析。结果表明:1)生态工程实施后,三江源区土壤侵蚀增加的趋势尚未得到遏制,多年平均年土壤侵蚀模数和侵蚀量较工程实施前增加6.5%,但局部地区土壤侵蚀状况有所好转,约占总面积的45%;2)长江流域在工程实施后的土壤侵蚀量与工程实施前基本持衡;黄河流域土壤侵蚀量增加明显,增幅超过45%;澜沧江流域土壤侵蚀量有所下降,降幅为9.8%;3)降水增强导致土壤侵蚀加剧的贡献率达到180%,植被恢复对土壤侵蚀变化的贡献率为-80%。全面遏制三江源区土壤侵蚀增加趋势,仍需持续努力。 相似文献
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In 4 dairy farms located in Baotou area, clinical medicine investigation and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria were conducted, and then curative effects of different treatment methods were analyzed.Epidemic materials were collected from diary cows infected by endometritis, from which pathogenic bacteria were isolated using conventional microbiology technologies.Broth microdilution method was used to detect the sensitivity and resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics commonly used in clinic.On this basis, the sensitive drugs were used to treat mastitis or endometritis, the clinical curative effect of traditional treatment group was compared with that of therapeutic test group.The result of traditional treatment group showed 13 antibiotics were used to treat 160 cases of endometritis, florfenicol was most effective, penicillin was most ineffective.The results of therapeutic test group showed that Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus were the main pathogenic bacteria of endometritis, which were sensitive to gentamicin and cefalotin, etc.The results of statistical analysis showed that the curative effect of therapeutic test group was extremely significantly different from that of traditional treatment group(P<0.01).Sensitive drugs screened by drug sensitive test could be used to target therapy, and obtain satisfied curative effect.Moreover, this approach could avoid antibiotic abuse. 相似文献
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3S技术在林业资源调查上的应用研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
全球定位系统(GPS)、地理信息系统(GIS)以及遥感技术(RS)合称为3S技术,已在各个领域得到广泛应用。本文从实践角度对3S技术在林业资源调查上的应用进行了分析和探讨。 相似文献
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我国马铃薯主产区病毒病发生情况调查 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了解我国马铃薯病毒病发生情况,在马铃薯主产区黑龙江、内蒙古、甘肃、云南等马铃薯田采集了具有典型病毒病症状的样品、疑似样品和随机无症样品,试管苗和原原种为随机样品,共649份。应用DASELISA方法筛查6种马铃薯主要病毒:PVX、PVY、PVS、PLRV、PVM和PVA。结果表明:129份样品为阳性,PVY的检出率最高,为9.86%,PVS次之,为6.47%;试管苗PVS检出最多,为32份,原原种PVX检出最多,为10份,大田样品PVY病毒发生比例最高,为54份;有38份样品是由多种病毒复合侵染造成的,大田PVY+PVS复合侵染率最高,为2.93%,PVS+PVY+PLRV次之,为0.98%,试管苗PVS+PVM复合侵染率最高,为4.85%。通过历年的检测结果比较,试管苗中PVS病毒检出率最高,原原种中PVX和PLRV病毒成为危害最为严重的病害,大田样品中PVY检出率一直居高不下。 相似文献
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信息是企业进行技术创新的重要战略资源。本文从高校图书馆为企业提供信息服务的实践调查出发,总结出目前服务体系中存在的问题,梳理出提升企业技术创新能力的对策。 相似文献
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Influences of sand cover on erosion processes of loess slopes based on rainfall simulation experiments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Aeolian-fluvial interplay erosion regions are subject to intense soil erosion and are of particular concern in loess areas of northwestern China.Understanding the composition,distribution,and transport processes of eroded sediments in these regions is of considerable scientific significance for controlling soil erosion.In this study,based on laboratory rainfall simulation experiments,we analyzed rainfall-induced erosion processes on sand-covered loess slopes(SS)with different sand cover patterns(including length and thickness)and uncovered loess slopes(LS)to investigate the influences of sand cover on erosion processes of loess slopes in case regions of aeolian-fluvial erosion.The grain-size curves of eroded sediments were fitted using the Weibull function.Compositions of eroded sediments under different sand cover patterns and rainfall intensities were analyzed to explore sediment transport modes of SS.The influences of sand cover amount and pattern on erosion processes of loess slopes were also discussed.The results show that sand cover on loess slopes influences the proportion of loess erosion and that the compositions of eroded sediments vary between SS and LS.Sand cover on loess slopes transforms silt erosion into sand erosion by reducing splash erosion and changing the rainfall-induced erosion processes.The percentage of eroded sand from SS in the early stage of runoff and sediment generation is always higher than that in the late stage.Sand cover on loess slopes aggravates loess erosion,not only by adding sand as additional eroded sediments but also by increasing the amount of eroded loess,compared with the loess slopes without sand cover.The influence of sand cover pattern on runoff yield and the amount of eroded sediments is larger than that of sand cover amount.Furthermore,given the same sand cover pattern,a thicker sand cover could increase sand erosion while a thinner sand cover could aggravate loess erosion.This difference explains the existence of intense erosion on slopes that are thinly covered with sand in regions where aeolian erosion and fluvial erosion interact. 相似文献
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