Differences in ecological and allelopathic traits among Alternanthera philoxeroides populations

Based on a field investigation and laboratory trials, this study compared the invasive ecology of aquatic and terrestrial alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides G.) ecotypes. The aquatic ecotype showed a stronger eco‐adaptation than the terrestrial ecotype. Alligator weed performed well in wetland and riparian habitats, where it was so competitive that only one‐to‐three other plant types grew successfully in its company. In contrast, it exhibited poor growth in upland fields and parks, where the terrestrial ecotype was dominated by 6–11 other alien plant species. The aquatic ecotype exhibited significantly greater growth inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa. The ecotypes differed in their pattern of allelopathic inhibition of water blooms. The allelopathic effect of the aquatic ecotype persisted for a period exceeding 20 days, whereas the terrestrial ecotype's allelopathic effect subsided in <5 days. The aquatic ecotype had higher levels of antioxidant compounds, including soluble protein and flavones, and the activity of protective enzymes was also higher, which included superoxidase dismutase, peroxidase and catalase. Alligator weed's unique characteristics derive mainly from its strong allelopathic potential and tolerance of eutrophication in aquatic habitats.     

Direct measurements of carbon exchange at forest disturbance sites: a review of results with the eddy covariance method

ABSTRACT

Boreal and temperate forests cover a large part of the Earth. Forest ecosystems are a key focus for research because of their role in the carbon (C) balance and cycle. Increasing atmospheric temperatures, different disturbances (fire, storm and insects) and forest management (clear-cutting) will change considerably the C status of forest ecosystems. Using the eddy covariance (EC) method, we can define interactions among environmental factors that influence the C-balance and whether a forest ecosystem is functioning as a C-sink or C-source or possibly is C-neutral. In our review of published studies of different disturbances, we found that most of the post-disturbance studies based on EC method focused on the effects of forest fire and clear-cutting, only a few studies studies focused on the effects of storms and insects. Generally a forest is a C-source until several years after disturbance and then a forest is able to absorb C and become a C-sink. Recovery to C-sink status required up to 20 years in clear-cut areas. Recovery following wildfire disturbance was much longer, possibly more than 50 years. Recovery to C-sink status required approximately 5 years after storm and insect outbreak, however we can not predict overall recovery period because of the missing data.     

多元判别在淡水鱼类生态对策判别中的应用

分析生态对策从典型的ｋ－选择类型到典型的ｒ－选择类型的６类共２８种淡水鱼类，用逐步判别法对这些鱼类的７项生态参数变量（渐近体长Ｌ∞，渐近体重ｍ∞，生长系数Ｋ，初次性成熟年龄ｔｍ，最大性成熟年龄ｔｍａｘ，瞬时自然死亡率Ｍ，种群繁殖力系数Ｆｐ）进行挑选。结果表明，在判别鱼类的生态对策类型时，除变量Ｆｐ外，其余６项变量作用显著。根据上述２８种鱼类的６项入选变量，用Ｂａｙｅｓ判别法建立生态对策判别函数估计式，并判定南方大口鲶（长江上游）、翘嘴红鱼白（长江下游）、鲥鱼（长江下游）的生态对策类型分别为“偏向ｋ－选择类型”、“偏向ｒ－选择类型”、“属于ｒ－选择类型”。     

黄河流域耕地生态安全动态演进及时空异质性

耕地生态安全是粮食安全的基础。基于国家公顷生态足迹模型测算2000—2021年黄河流域耕地生态安全，采用标准差椭圆和时空地理加权回归模型，揭示黄河流域耕地生态安全的时空演进特征，识别其驱动因素的时空异质性。结果表明：黄河流域耕地生态安全总体呈现"N"型变动趋势，仍具有较大提升空间。从空间格局来看，黄河流域耕地生态安全呈现"东北—西南"方向收缩、"西北—东南"方向扩散态势，耕地生态安全差距变大。城镇化、财政支农及降水有利于提高黄河流域的耕地生态安全，农村居民收入及化肥施用强度则具有抑制作用，各影响因素存在明显的时空分异性。     

杂交水稻对杂草的生态控制作用

杂交稻田有杂草3～4种，杂草覆盖度为1.6%，分别比粳稻田低66%和95%。杂交稻汕优63对鸭舌草、矮慈姑和水竹叶的控制效果平均为89%。在无芒稗50株/m     

无锡惠山国家森林公园林相现状分析

无锡市惠山国家森林公园其林相主要由针叶树、针阔混交林、阔叶林、疏林灌木和果茶经济林等５类组成。森林覆盖率达９５％以上，树种资源极为丰富，为人们旅游、休憩最佳去处，以后还必须继续保护和扩大现有森林资源，坚持生态抚育和增植多种树咎，以达到短期投入，长年受益，周而复始，永续利用的目的。     

Using the concept of ecological groundwater level to evaluate shallow groundwater resources in hyperarid desert regions

This paper,based on the analysis and calculation of the groundwater resources in an arid region from 1980 to 2001,put forward the concept of ecological groundwater level threshold for either salinity c...     

简述人性化健康住宅区的设想

合理的布置城镇居民住宅区,推广和建设健康住宅,不仅有利于经济繁荣、保护环境,而且也达到了人与自然、人与人、以及人自身的健康和谐。     

镉污染土壤亚麻替代种植的经济和生态效果研究

为研究镉污染土壤亚麻替代种植的经济、生态效益，对浏阳市永和镇佳成村镉污染土壤的下大屋组、新建组等2个试验点的亚麻农艺性状和土壤、植株中重金属进行了研究。结果表明，内亚9号株高在79.20 cm以上，最高可达108.94 cm，工艺长度62.52 cm以上，茎粗最高达3.50 mm，原茎产量最高为4337.81 kg/hm2，种子产量468.07 kg/hm2。在重金属镉吸收方面，镉富集系数较高，最高可达6.752，表明内亚9号有着良好的吸收土壤重金属镉的能力，每亩可获纯收益1025.47元。综上，亚麻在镉污染土壤种植的经济和生态效果较好。     

论坛型网站的恢复

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