Community Forestry and Sustainable Development in Rural Area

After analysis on the current situation of international forestry, this paper proposes that integration, coordination and sustainable development will be the general developing trend of forest in China, and commercial forest, ecological forest and community forest should be organically combined with integrative development and sustainable development in rural areas. This paper focuses especially on clarifying the importance of community forest to the social development or rural areas, and emphasizes that the key point of forestry should be turned from biological and technical aspects to humane and social aspects.     

聚类分析在家畜引种中的应用

本文以小尾寒羊为例，应用聚类分析的方法对三十一个生态区域的八个气候因子进行了分类研究，介绍了聚类分析在家畜引种中的应用。结果表明，这三十一个生态区域可以分为六类，凡与小尾寒羊原产地分为同一类的生态区域可以引种小尾寒羊，其他类的生态区域不宜引种小尾寒羊。     

四川狗尾草属与狼尾草属的研究

四川狗尾草属有10种(包括1个变种),约为我国13种(包括2个变种)的77％。狼尾草属有4种,约为我国9种的44％。本文对两属的分类、分布、生态环境及经济用途等进行了描述。     

甘肃省民勤治沙综合试验站区域生态经济型优化模式的设计

以甘肃省民勤治沙综合试验站区域为系统，应用线性规划的方法，建立区域生态经济型系统的优化模式。结果表明，区域系统在现有的生产条件及生产力水平下，要达到最大经济效益，并保证区域系统的生态趋于良性特环 ，其农林牧三业用最优比例为１：９．５：９．５，此时区域系统的经济纯收入最大，为１１３．７２万元，年人均纯收入达５６８６元。     

关于"人居环境"的几点认识

本文通过"人居环境"应体现现代城市的概念、创造不同形式的完美居住景观、体现人文思想等的论述,阐明了设计者应运用现代城市设计理论与方法进行居住空间设计.     

小麦生产的生态定位及发展策略

本文运用生态学及系统工程学的基本原理,分析了山西省小麦生产发展现状,确立了加入WTO后小麦生产的生态地位,即小麦是自然资源利用效率高、生态效益大的生态型作物。提出了小麦生产可持续发展的策略是：稳定面积,提高单产,改进品质。提高资源利用率。保护和优化生态环境。同时指出小麦生产是社会效益高、生态效益大,而本身经济效益低的弱质产业。应该从社会效益、生态效益和经济效益三者协调发展的角度出发。把小麦生产的巨大生态效益放在突出地位。     

创造优秀教师脱颖而出的环境

优秀教师是高等教育事业建设的宝贵财富,高校领导必须尊重他们,使用他们。这样,就得创造一个让他们尽情发挥才能的环境。要做到这些,高校领导需要有尊师爱才之心,有识才之智,有容才之量,有用人之识。只有创造一个优秀教师人才脱颖而出的环境,我们的高校才能兴旺发达,才能步入“世界一流”的行列。     

Environmental changes in man‐made coastal dune pools since 1850 as indicated by sedimentary and epiphytic diatom assemblages (Belgium)

• 1. Diatom assemblages of man‐made coastal dune wetlands between Blankenberge and Heist (Belgium), dating from 1852 to 1929 and sampled from herbarium specimens of macrophytes, were compared with more recent samples collected in the remaining calcareous dune marshes and pools in this area.
• 2. Overall, nutrient conditions inferred from the reference assemblages were fairly eutrophic for phosphorus. Only a minority of the historical assemblages pointed to presumably nitrogen‐limited conditions.
• 3. Significant alterations in general assemblage composition were observed, including a marked decline of epiphytic species, and a decrease in the compositional variation in sediment diatom assemblages. These changes can be attributed mainly to an increased availability of nutrients and degradable organic matter since the mid 1970s. No changes in the salinity range seem to have occurred, suggesting fairly stable hydrological conditions.
• 4. Possible causes for eutrophication include increased atmospheric deposition of nutrients, but also more site‐related phenomena such as guanotrophication, angling and, perhaps, effects of nature management on soil–nutrient cycling. Their relative importance needs to be established and further monitoring is necessary.
• 5. Measures are required to reduce nutrient levels of both permanently and periodically inundated sites and to promote small‐scale habitat differentiation. Due to physical constraints, the latter will be possible only by mimicking the processes that act upon more natural dune systems in management practice.

Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

甘肃省草业可持续发展策略刍议

甘肃省发展草业具有土地、气候、生物和劳力优势。根据4个生态经济区的特点,分别讨论了草业发展与生态建设的关系。牧区生态保护与草业开发和草地畜牧业的产业更新;河西农区草畜产品生产和荒漠生态系统保护;河东黄土高原区保持水土与草畜产业链延伸;特别是甘肃省陇南山区最适于发展包括生物柴油的新型生物产业。     

传统发酵酸马奶中瑞士乳杆菌耐酸性的筛选

从新疆地区牧民家庭32份自然发酵酸马奶样品中分离鉴定出的82株瑞士乳杆菌中，通过耐酸实验选出39株可在pH3．0和pH3．5酸性环境中生长的菌株进行pH为3．0的人工胃液的耐受性实验。结果表明不同菌株对人工胃液的耐受能力有很大差异。