水牛朊蛋白成熟片段基因的克隆与原核表达

【目的】克隆、分析水牛朊蛋白（prion protein，PrP）成熟片段基因，并获取纯化的表达产物。【方法】将应用PCR技术扩增的水牛成熟PrP的核酸序列克隆到表达载体pET-32a，并分析其序列；把阳性克隆质粒pET-32a-BPrP转化表达菌BL21(DE3)，鉴定纯化的表达产物。【结果】水牛朊蛋白成熟片段核酸序列及其推导的氨基酸序列与已知其他牛科动物的成熟PrP核酸、氨基酸序列间的相似性分别在97.1%和97.2%以上，并且发现水牛成熟PrP有5个重复序列，编码的氨基酸序列其中有2个九肽和3个八肽重复序列。具有较高的表达水平的PrP融合蛋白被纯化后，用Western印迹实验证明该蛋白具有PrP抗原活性。【结论】首次报道了克隆、分析水牛朊蛋白成熟片段基因，发现水牛成熟PrP有5个重复序列，并获得了具PrP抗原活性的水牛成熟PrP融合蛋白。     

雷电形成原理及雷电灾害防御措施

首先阐述了雷电和雷击灾害的形成原理,介绍了容易被雷击的对象,指出雷电对人的伤害方式有直接雷击、接触电压、旁侧闪击和跨步电压4种,提出要充分利用雷电预警信号提前防雷。最后从建筑物防雷和个人防雷方面介绍了雷电灾害防御措施,对有效规避和降低雷击灾害损失有重要意义。     

姬松茸60Co辐射诱变菌株J5与原菌株J1蛋白质

采用非生物学评价法对姬松茸60Co辐射诱变菌株J5和其原菌株J1不同潮次菇蛋白质的营养价值进行评价.结果表明:J5子实体的必需氨基酸指数、生物价、营养指数、氨基酸比值系数分、化学评分和氨基酸评分分别比J1高1.02％、2.26％、2.93％、11.72％、9.35％和5.13％;以上6项蛋白质评价指标中,J5第1、第2...     

稻田控释氮肥的施用效果与合理施用技术

选用新型控释氮肥(LP)5个类型,采用其不同用量和组合,在南方典型双季稻区第四纪红壤发育的水稻土上进行早稻和晚稻的一次性基肥试验。结果表明,施用不同控释氮肥,稻田表层土和表面水的NH4+-N含量极显著地低于常规氮肥(尿素);控释肥的氮素释放过程与水稻吸氮过程基本一致。控释氮肥用量以N75kg/hm2较适宜,其用量比尿素N150kg/hm2相比仍可维持高产;早稻施用控释氮肥,可成功地实现施肥、播种、抛秧的一次性技术配套与结合,减轻劳动强度,适当提高种植密度有利于高产;晚稻采用条施的方法可显著地提高产量。与尿素N150kg/hm2比较,早稻选用控释氮肥LPS40或LPS60较好;晚稻选用LP70和LPS80并按LP70(50%)+LPS80(50%)的比例搭配,有利于水稻生长发育和维持高产。控释氮肥具有缓释作用,其供应氮素持久;LPS40和LPS60用量N150kg/hm2且高密度栽培时有一定的后效,可分别提高再生稻产量10%和16%。     

一个新的水稻半矮化小穗突变体的遗传分析与基因定位

 从粳稻中花 11转基因后代中发现了一个半矮化小穗突变体,表现为植株半矮化、生长势弱、半包茎穗、穗型变小等特点,将其命名为sd sp2(semi dwarf and small panicle 2)。遗传分析显示,该突变体表型受1对隐性核基因控制。以sd sp2突变体为母本与龙特甫B杂交构建F2分离群体,将该基因定位在水稻第6染色体的RH6 32和RH6 40之间的116 kb的物理距离内。通过水稻基因组注释系统在此区域预测到14个开放阅读框,未发现与已报道穗型发育相关基因的同源基因。     

海南水稻集成高产栽培技术规程

通过品种选用、播植期确定、选地、整地、育秧、移植、水肥管理、病虫防治等方面集成海南早、晚稻高产栽培技术.     

Variability of duration of pre-anthesis phases as a strategy for increasing wheat grain yield

In wheat, stem elongation phase (SEP) duration is critical for grain number (GN) per unit of area determination, as it is the phase in which the spikes grow. Lengthening SEP, for instance by photoperiodic sensitivity, without altering the cycle to anthesis (AT) has been proposed as an alternative way to increase spike dry weight, and in turn GN. As most works supporting this idea have modified only SEP by artificial manipulation (e.g. photoperiod extensions), it is relevant to evaluate this hypothesis in populations segregating for this attribute in natural conditions. The aim of this work was to analyse the variability in SEP duration relative to AT in two F4 populations; in order to select contrasting phenotypes to evaluate the impact of this attribute on grain yield components and to analyse the selection response of this attribute. These segregating populations (Las Rosas INTA × Triguero 230 (A) and Klein Estrella × ProINTA B. Alazán (B)) were derived from parental lines with similar flowering time but different relative duration of their pre-anthesis phases. Two field experiments with previous vernalization treatment in cool chamber were carried out. In 2006, F4 populations were characterized and from one of them (population B, which presented higher variability) four groups were selected, which presented contrasting phenotypes in the attribute under study. Progenies of these groups (F5), together with remnant F4 full-sib of each one, were studied during 2007. Grain yield per plant was higher, due to GN increases, when duration of the SEP was lengthened. However, selection response to longer SEP with similar cycle to AT could not be found, possibly as the result of a high environmental influence on this attribute. The phenotypic variability evidenced in this attribute was not clearly associated with major adaptation genes evaluated (i.e. Ppd and/or Vrn), suggesting that other minor genes could be associated.     

Transferring Translucent Endosperm Mutant Gene Wx-mq and Rice Stripe Disease Resistance Gene Stv-b by Marker-Assisted Selection in Rice (Oryza sativa)

A high-yielding japonica rice variety, Wuyunjing 7, bred in Jiangsu Province, China as a female parent was crossed with a Japanese rice variety Kantou 194, which carries a rice stripe disease resistance gene Stv-bⁱ and a translucent endosperm mutant gene Wx-mq. From F₂ generations, a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker tightly linked with Stv-bⁱ and a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker for Wx-mq were used for marker-assisted selection. Finally, a new japonica rice line, Ning 9108, with excellent agronomic traits was obtained by multi-generational selection on stripe disease resistance and endosperm appearance. The utilization of the markers from genes related to rice quality and disease resistance was helpful not only for establishing a marker-assisted selection system of high-quality and disease resistance for rice but also for providing important intermediate materials and rapid selection method for good quality, disease resistance and high yield in rice breeding.     

早花时矮秆晚粳不育系春江12A的选育与利用

春江12A是中国水稻研究所以宁67A为母本,用春江12作父本杂交,经连续多代回交转育而成的滇Ⅰ型早花时矮秆晚粳不育系,2004年9月通过浙江省科技厅鉴定.春江12A育性稳定,不育度和不育株率均为100%,花时早,异交结实率高,矮秆抗倒,穗型大,米质优良,配合力好.利用春江12A配制的粳粳交和粳籼交杂交稻组合表现出大穗、抗倒、杂种优势强、产量潜力大、米质较优等特点.     

Effects of grass pasture and concentrate-based feeding systems for spring-calving dairy cows in early spring on performance during lactation

The effect of offering a total mixed ration of silage and concentrate (proportionately 0·44 silage) system [indoor feeding system (IF)] was compared with grazing at a high daily herbage allowance with a low level of concentrate supplementation [early grazing system (EG)] in early spring on the performance of spring‐calving dairy cows in Ireland. Sixty‐four spring‐calving Holstein–Friesian dairy cows (mean calving date, 2 February) were allocated to one of two systems between 16 February and 4 April 2004. An equal number of primiparous and multiparous cows were assigned to each system. The dairy cows on the IF system were housed for a 7‐week period and offered a diet of 10·9 kg DM cow^?1 d^?1 (s.d. 2·3) of concentrate, the remainder of the diet was 8·6 kg DM cow^?1 d^?1 (s.d. 1·9) of grass silage. The dairy cows on the EG system were offered a mean daily herbage allowance of 15·1 kg DM cow^?1 d^?1 (s.d. 3·7) and were supplemented with 3·0 kg DM cow^?1 d^?1 (s.d. 1·0) of concentrate. There was no difference in milk yield between the two systems but the cows in the EG system had a higher milk protein concentration (2·9 g kg^?1) and a higher milk protein yield than in the IF system. Milk fat concentration was higher for cows in the IF than EG system (3·0 g kg^?1). There was no difference in total daily dry‐matter intake between the systems, measured in week 6 of the study. Mean live weight of the cows in the IF system was greater than in the EG system. The results of the study suggest that a slightly greater performance can be achieved by a system offering a high daily herbage allowance to spring‐calving dairy cows in early lactation compared with a system offering a total mixed ration containing a high proportion of concentrate with grass silage.