基于响应面法的棉秆压捆试验研究

针对棉秆压缩打捆密度低、压缩打捆装备可靠性差等问题,采用设计的棉秆压捆试验平台,将棉秆含水率、棉秆切断长度、棉秆喂入量和压缩活塞压缩频率作为试验因素,以压缩活塞端面压力、压缩室压力和棉秆压捆密度作为试验性能指标进行棉秆压缩打捆单因素和中心组合试验,建立各试验因素和试验性能指标之间的回归方程,确定各试验因素对性能指标的影响规律,并进行优化计算,对优化结果进行试验验证。结果表明:棉秆压缩打捆的最优组合为棉秆含水率30%,棉秆切断长度25 cm,棉秆喂入量2.15 kg/s,压缩活塞压缩频率110次/min,压缩活塞端面压力13.84 kN,压缩室压力3.36 kN,棉秆打捆密度145.83 kg/m~3,为棉秆压缩打捆机械的设计提供理论指导。     

小型收割机切割器可靠性测试平台研究

切割器作为小型收割机大概率故障的作业部件,其传统可靠性测试方式受作业季节、田间地形及多变负载等因素的影响,致使其测试周期长且测试数据收集难度大,给后续切割器改良设计及小型收割机整机优化设计造成很大的困难。基于此,创新性地提出一种螺旋绞龙式供料系统,结合模拟田间地形差异(含收获机械自身振动)的振动台及为不同切割器驱动的动力输出装置,构建实验室条件下的小型收割机切割器可靠性测试实物仿真实验平台。选取小型收割机(型号:1WG6.3-110FC-Z)的切割器为被测对象,将其在平台上进行24 h连续测试,测试结果表明:测试样机其有效度达95.62%。尽管模拟可靠性测试时间较短,但仍在测试过程中,暴露了收割机的某些故障,这些故障均符合JB/T 6287规定的切割器故障描述,因此,该小型收割机切割器可靠性测试平台能够在一定程度上模拟切割器田间作业的相关条件,能够在某些情况下替代切割器的田间现场可靠性测试。     

六点挤压式核桃破壳机的正交试验研究

为了优化自主设计的六点挤压式核桃破壳机的最佳参数,选择含水率,挤压行程,破壳速度三个因素做正交实验,最终由试验结果可得,六点挤压式核桃破壳机的破壳最优条件是核桃的挤压行程9mm,含水率20%,破壳速率1s/个,且经过试验验证得出最佳破壳综合指标在0.972左右。     

红螯螯虾弗氏柠檬酸杆菌病病原的分离与鉴定

从濒死的红螯螯虾(Cheraxquadricarinatus)的肝胰脏中分离得到可疑病菌L1和L2,经细菌学鉴定2株细菌均为弗氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacterfreundii);经人工感染试验证实L1和L2均导致健康虾发病死亡,其LD50分别为2 2×105CFU/ind、7×105CFU/ind;2株细菌对14种药物的敏感性相似,对9种抗生素敏感,对5种抗生素有抗性。从中筛选出有效药物,应用于生产中取得了较好效果。     

皱纹盘鲍（Haliotis discus）脓疱病的研究

１９９３年夏季，大连水产养殖公司槽式养殖的鲍（Ｈａｌｉｏｔｉｓ）发生脓疱病，死亡率高达５０－６０％，经分离纯化得９３０１和９３０２二个菌株，镜检结果表明，两个菌株均匀极生单鞭毛的革兰氏阴性短杆形细菌。在人工感染试验中，健康鲍足肌分别注射两个菌株的菌液，感染率均高达１００％，病症与自然发病的安全相同，因此，证明９３０１和９３０２菌株即为脓疱病的病原菌，药敏试验表明，两个菌株对氯霉素，复方新诺明高度敏     

中华绒螯蟹细菌性疾病感染途径的研究

利用注射、口服、创伤浸泡和非创伤浸泡4种方法研究了腐败假单胞菌等4种致病菌对中华绒螯蟹的感染情况,结果表明:河蟹细菌性疾病以创伤感染为主。因此在养殖过程中要尽量避免蟹体受伤,尤其是在蜕壳及气候、水质条件变化等易感染期更要加强管理。     

发酵鸡粪养鱼试验

用充氧动态发酵机加工鸡粪，并将这种发酵鸡粪添加到饲料中，进行池塘和网箱养鱼试验，均取得良好效果。     

塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞集合体定量地震描述与地质建模

缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层多样多期的地质成因和内部强烈的非均质性,使得常规建模手段难以应用于实际工作中。结合地质体特征和地震相,运用聚类分析技术实现缝洞集合体的几何结构建模;针对缝洞型碳酸盐岩测井资料少、储层内部结构复杂和非均质强的特征,将地质统计学地震反演技术用于储层岩相和孔隙度建模工作中,针对塔里木盆地典型区块缝洞集合体建立静态模型,实现其定量地震描述;进一步利用单井与井组内动态数据,修正缝洞体的规模、边界和连通性,研究成果指导了基于缝洞集合体井位的高效部署、高效开发工作。     

Evaluation of single and comparative intradermal tuberculin tests for tuberculosis eradication in caprine flocks in Castilla y León (Spain)

Goats can act as reservoirs for tuberculosis (TB) infection. The main etiological agents of TB in goats are Mycobacterium caprae and Mycobacterium bovis and they infect also a wide range of domestic and wild animals and humans. Control programmes based mainly on the application of single and comparative intradermal tuberculin (SIT and SCIT respectively) tests are being implemented in certain regions of Spain with a high density of caprine flocks as Castilla y León, including goats with epidemiological relationship with cattle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the intradermal tests in naturally TB-infected caprine flocks from this region. The study was performed using data from 17,450 goats in 54 different flocks that were classified as TB-infected in the control programmes executed in 2010 and 2011. Data from 1237 goats from 7 dairy flocks depopulated after the first intradermal testing were used to estimate the sensitivity (Se) using bacteriology as the gold-standard. Overall Se of the SIT test using the severe interpretation was 43.9% (CI 95%, 40.4–47.4) and decreased to 38.8% (CI 95%, 35.5–42.3) using the standard interpretation. Overall Se of the SCIT test ranged between 21.3% (CI 95%, 17.6–25.4) and 7% (CI 95%, 4.9–9.8) depending of the interpretation criteria. A significant weak positive correlation was found between age and skin fold thickness (Spearman’s test p < 0.05). Results from this study yielded, in general, low Se values probably due the systematic detection and slaughter of reactors as a consequence of the eradication programme in previous years or the presence of factors that may interfere in the diagnosis. Therefore, these results suggest the necessity of including ancillary diagnostic tools and/or strict interpretation criteria to maximize detection of positive animals in infected settings.