福建武夷山自然保护区珍稀、濒危和特有植物及其分布

在收集整理20多年保护区野外植物调查数据基础上,总结了福建武夷山国家级自然保护区珍稀、濒危及中国特有属植物分布。列入国家重点保护的野生植物共计35种,其中属国家Ⅰ级保护植物3种,国家Ⅱ级保护植物19种,国家Ⅲ级保护植物13种。列入《中国濒危植物红皮书》国家重点保护的珍稀濒危植物28种。高等植物模式产地种共记录47种。中国特有属植物共计27属31种,其中单种属12属12种,少种属9属10种,多种属6属9种。     

云南松毛虫越冬代幼虫自然种群空间分布型的研究

通过样方调查计算，采用聚集度指标法，测定云南松毛虫越冬代幼虫的空问分布型，建立了最适抽样数关系式，并对其进行了序贯抽样分析。结果表明：云南松毛虫越冬代幼虫种群在林内呈聚集分布，其Iwao回归方程为m*=5．2181 1．0207x^-、复相关系数R=0．9918；最适抽样株数为：N=621．81/x^- 2．07。     

Prediction of bending properties for structural glulam using optimized distributions of knot characteristics and laminar MOE

This study established a prediction model for bending properties of glued-laminated timber (glulam) using optimized knot and modulus of elasticity (MOE) distributions of lumber laminate as the main input variables. For this purpose, knot and MOE data were investigated for all pieces of lumber that were prepared for glulam manufacturing, and statistical distributions of knot size, knot number in one lumber, and MOE of each laminate were optimized as distribution functions. These knot and MOE data were used as input variables in the prediction model for bending properties, and were also used in generating virtual glulam using the inverse transform method. Prediction of bending properties for glulam was carried out using the transformed section method, which is partially provided in ASTM D 3737 (Annex A4). Predicted values were compared with those from full-scale four-point bending tests for 60 six-layered glulams with 10 different laminar combinations. Finally, the allowable bending properties of glulam for each specific laminate combination were determined by calculating the fifth percentile of the modulus of rupture and the average modulus of elasticity from virtual test results of more than 1000 virtual glulams. From the results of this study, predicted bending properties for glulam and their distributions could be used for structural design in both allowable stress design and limit state design.     

Crown characteristics of juvenile loblolly pine 6 years after application of thinning and fertilization

Total foliage dry mass and leaf area at the canopy hierarchical level of needle, shoot, branch and crown were measured in 48 trees harvested from a 14-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation, six growing seasons after thinning and fertilization treatments.

In the unthinned treatment, upper crown needles were heavier and had more leaf area than lower crown needles. Branch- and crown-level leaf area of the thinned trees increased 91 and 109%, respectively, and whole-crown foliage biomass doubled. The increased crown leaf area was a result of more live branches and foliated shoots and larger branch sizes in the thinned treatment. Branch leaf area increased with increasing crown depth from the top to the mid-crown and decreased towards the base of the crown. Thinning stimulated foliage growth chiefly in the lower crown. At the same crown depth in the lower crown, branch leaf area was greater in the thinned treatment than in the unthinned treatment. Maximum leaf area per branch was located nearly 3–4 m below the top of the crown in the unthinned treatment and 4–5 m in the thinned treatment. Leaf area of the thinned-treatment trees increased 70% in the upper crown and 130% in the lower crown. Fertilization enhanced needle size and leaf area in the upper crown, but had no effect on leaf area and other variables at the shoot, branch and crown level. We conclude that the thinning-induced increase in light penetration within the canopy leads to increased branch size and crown leaf area. However, the branch and crown attributes have little response to fertilization and its interaction with thinning.     

福建柏人工林养分积累与分配的研究

1997年对安溪半林国有林场福建柏人工林的养分积累进行了研究。在连续坡面上福建柏人工林叶的N、P、K含量随坡位升高而降低 ,Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn则相反 ;养分积累量随坡位升高而缓慢下降。在生长过程中叶的N、P含量随年龄增大而降低 ,Ca、Mg则相反 ,K含量相对稳定 ;10年生、2 0年生时林木叶的养分积累量占全树的比重最大 ,由大到小的顺序为叶、根、干、枝、皮 ,而 30年生时林木根的养分积累量占全树的比重最大 ,由大到小的顺序为根、干、叶、枝、皮 ;营养元素的积累总量随年龄的增大而增加。在不同生长阶段 ,养分的积累与分配有所不同     

日本的甜柿主要品种及其地理分布

本文综述了日本甜柿品种资源及其分布概况.首先,依据园艺学界广为应用的柿分类方法,将柿栽培品种分为涩柿和甜柿两大类;甜柿又分完全甜柿(PCNA)品种和不完全甜柿品种(PVNA)两个品种类群。本文介绍了日本的主要甜柿品种.同时,还阐述了6个甜柿品种及4个新品种的主要特征及其分布.     

海南岛清澜港和东寨港红树林及其生境的调查研究

本文根据调查材料,阐述海南省清澜港和东寨港红树林植物种类、群落类型及其分布。调查结果表明,河口港湾地区的红树林植物种类的分布应描述为以顺流水方向为纵向和横截流向为横向的二维空间状况,这才能确切地反映其天然分布。通过分析气候差异和引种情况,阐明了北热带滩涂能引种嗜热窄布性红树林植物种类。此外,还总结了一些红树林植物的适宜造林地,并指出在红树林中围堤养殖或垦植是有害的。     

First record of autochthonous canine ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia canis in Romania

This case study describes the first genetically confirmed and clinically manifested autochthonous Ehrlichia canis infection in a 9‐year‐old female mixed‐breed dog from Romania. Health screening of the dog included clinical examination, evaluation of stained peripheral blood smear and hematologic variables, as well as serologic testing and molecular analysis. Clinical signs included fever, apathy, dehydration, pale mucous membranes, and weakness. The microscopic examination of the blood smear and immunologic assays for Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and E canis antibodies, and for Dirofilaria immitis antigen yielded negative results. Hematologic abnormalities included moderate nonregenerative anemia, leucopenia with neutropenia, and moderate thrombocytopenia. The biochemical abnormalities identified were hypoalbuminemia, and mildly increased serum enzyme activities of AST and ALT. In addition, increased urea and creatinine levels associated with low urine specific gravity and proteinuria were also present. Nested PCR amplification of the partial E canis 16S rRNA gene demonstrated the presence of this rickettsial pathogen in the dog's blood, which subsequently was confirmed through sequencing based on the 100% homology with GenBank deposited E canis isolates. After specific treatment with doxycycline (10 mg/kg, orally, SID) for one month, the proteinuria, and hematologic and serum biochemical abnormalities with the exception of mild azotemia resolved. This report supports the geographical expansion of canine ehrlichiosis caused by E canis in nonendemic regions of Europe.     

Evidence of LAT1 expression in canine caput epididymis

L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), the first isotype of amino acid transport system L, transports aromatic and branched amino acids pivotal for fundamental cellular activities such cellular growth and proliferation. LAT1 expression was high only in the brain in contrast to its limited distribution and low level of expression in normal tissues. We found potent LAT1 expression in canine caput epididymis by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis. Immnuno-histochemical examination revealed observable LAT1 in microvillous epithelial cells.     

广东省李产业发展现状调查

广东是李的南缘分布区,其得天独厚的自然条件和李产业稳定的经济效益使得广东成为了全国主要的李产区。为了给李产业生产和研究规划的制定提供基本数据,采用走访与实地考察相结合的方法,对广东省李的分布、种质资源、产业现状等方面的情况进行了系统调查。结果表明:经过长期的人工栽培,广东已演化形成了一个需冷量低的南亚热带特色李品种群,共有原产品种26个,其中既有像三华李那样的古老品种,也有如华蜜大蜜李和岭溪李那样品质优良的新品种;2013年,广东全省规模化李果园面积有5.52万hm2,总栽培面积约7.1万hm2,其李果总产量分别52.10万和66.39万t,平均单位面积产量为9.35 t/hm2,说明广东省是全国李树栽培面积最大、李果总产量和单位面积产量都最高的省份;由于水热丰富,花期日照充足,广东李具有成熟早、产量稳定、经济效益高的特点,李产业是广东省山区的支柱产业。文中还分析了广东省李产业发展中存在的主要问题,并提出了广东省李产业发展的几点建议。