SoilFlex‐LLWR: linking a soil compaction model with the least limiting water range concept

Soil compaction impacts growing conditions for plants: it increases the mechanical resistance to root growth and modifies the soil pore system and consequently the supply of water and oxygen to the roots. The least limiting water range (LLWR) defines a range of soil water contents within which root growth is minimally limited with regard to water supply, aeration and penetration resistance. The LLWR is a function of soil bulk density (BD), and hence directly affected by soil compaction. In this paper, we present a new model, ‘SoilFlex‐LLWR’, which combines a soil compaction model with the LLWR concept. We simulated the changes in LLWR due to wheeling with a self‐propelled forage harvester on a Swiss clay loam soil (Gleyic Cambisol) using the new SoilFlex‐LLWR model, and compared measurements of the LLWR components as a function of BD with model estimations. SoilFlex‐LLWR allows for predictions of changes in LLWR due to compaction caused by agricultural field traffic and therefore provides a quantitative link between impact of soil loading and soil physical conditions for root growth.     

信任视角下农村社区警务建设的理性思考

分析了我国农村社区警务建设中存在的诸多问题,从信任视角提出构建和谐的农村社区警务建设的现实途径,即从真诚与群众交往、提供专业的服务、规范执法制度等方面赢取人民群众的信任。     

GIS内外业一体化数据双向同步技术研究

对空间数据内外业一体化作业过程中数据双向同步技术进行研究。阐述GIS数据双向同步的原理、数据还原原理,提出了基于最优差异化机制的双向数据同步模型,并给出此模型基础上的技术实现案例。实践表明,此方案能很好地解决GIS内外业一体化的数据同步需求。     

Soil organic and inorganic carbon sequestration by consecutive biochar application: Results from a decade field experiment

Biochar addition can expand soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and has potential ability in mitigating climate change. Also, some incubation experiments have shown that biochar can increase soil inorganic carbon (SIC) contents. However, there is no direct evidence for this from the field experiment. In order to make up the sparseness of available data resulting from the long‐term effect of biochar amendment on soil carbon fractions, here we detected the contents and stocks of the bulk SIC and SOC fractions based on a 10‐year field experiment of consecutive biochar application in Shandong Province, China. There are three biochar treatments as no‐biochar (control), and biochar application at 4.5 Mg ha^?1 year^?1 (B4.5) and 9.0 Mg ha^?1 year^?1 (B9.0), respectively. The results showed that biochar application significantly enhanced SIC content (3.2%–24.3%), >53 μm particulate organic carbon content (POC, 38.2%–166.2%) and total soil organic carbon content (15.8%–82.2%), compared with the no‐biochar control. However, <53 μm silt–clay‐associated organic carbon (SCOC) content was significantly decreased (14%–27%) under the B9.0 treatment. Our study provides the direct field evidence that SIC contributed to carbon sequestration after the biochar application, and indicates that the applied biochar was allocated mainly in POC fraction. Further, the decreased SCOC and increased microbial biomass carbon contents observed in field suggest that the biochar application might exert a positive priming effect on native soil organic carbon.     

钼蓝比色法测定笃斯越橘成熟果实中还原型抗坏血酸含量及体系优化

以笃斯越橘(Vaccinium uliginosum)成熟果实为试材,以钼蓝比色法测定笃斯越橘果实还原型抗坏血酸(Reduced ascorbic acid,As A)含量进行条件优化。结果表明,3%偏磷酸-乙酸用量为100μL、5%硫酸和5%钼酸铵用量均为200μL、以去离子水补充至1 500μL,30℃干热恒温浴显色40 min,取出室温下放置1 h后,在700 nm下测定,所得数据稳定,准确性适合用于笃斯越橘果实As A含量的测定;测得含量为(40.20±6.23)mg/100 g FW。     

国家农业科技园区农业科技创新服务平台设计

针对国家农业科技园区对科技创新服务平台的需求,该文提出了一种基于信息化技术的解决方法。该方法在可察、可考和可用的三重要求下,首先明确角色及其相互关系,规范了角色的业务需求和主要的业务流程。遵循设计的角色、需求和流程,系统开发部署后测试稳定、正常。可以有效支撑国家农业科技园区的相关科技活动。     

乌兰察布及周边地区马铃薯脱毒种薯应用现状调查与分析

2011~2014年对乌兰察布周边地区马铃薯脱毒种薯利用情况进行了科学合理的调查,认为该地区不同类型马铃薯种植机构马铃薯脱毒种薯利用率和种植的种薯级别逐年提高。不同马铃薯种植机构逐渐形成符合该种植机构类型应用的马铃薯脱毒种薯级别,形成了马铃薯脱毒种薯应用的梯次,为今后马铃薯脱毒种薯生产和合理应用奠定了基础。     

引入6S管理体系提高个体食品生产者职业素质

介绍了6S管理的内涵、实施方案,以及引入6S管理的必要性与可行性。针对当地个体食品生产者生产馒头的现状,引入6S管理体系,取得了良好的效果。     

造林施工偏差对幼龄林生长及抚育的影响

本文通过开展中幼龄林抚育作业设计，调查不同林分因子，得出造林施工偏差对幼龄林林分结构、林木冠形、根系生长、胸径生长及抚育工作有着显著的影响。     

北京山区水源林结构与功能关系研究

为了准确把握北京山区水源林林分特征,掌握其结构与功能的关系,以北京山区的水源林16种森林类型作为研究对象,分析了林分的结构特征;采用因子分析方法对林分结构与水源涵养功能关系进行多因子分析研究,结果表明:在林分层次上,影响水源涵养功能的林分结构因子主要是林分树种组成、年龄、郁闭度、起源、层次、生物量以及土壤结构7个因子。研究结果可为北京山区水源林经营提供科学依据。