后方交会待定点坐标可靠性的判断与不定性解的排除

在地形测图和各种放样工作中，后方交会是应用比较普遍的方法之一。但后方交会当待定点在危险圆上，用通常的方法则不能解。即使在危险园附近的环形面积范围内能够求解，其精度也是难以保证的。本文提出了一种判断后方交会待定点落在危险圆上和在其环形范的内的方法，以及在危险圆上和在其环形范围内的求解方法。     

拖拉机超载和超速的危害性

分析了拖拉机超载和超速所带来的危害性，指出拖拉机在装载货物时必须严格按照拖拉机出厂规定和交通规则装载、控制行驶速度，不可超载超速。     

中华鼢鼠危害调查及防治技术试验分析

通过在退耕还林(草)地工程区设置鼠害防治试验示范小区,对中华鼢鼠运用灭鼠雷、人工地箭及鼢鼠灵防治试验,试验结果鼠药的最佳投放时间应为每年的4～5月份为好,灭鼠雷及人工地箭都堪称为杀灭中华鼢鼠的较佳方法。     

森林资源小班火险天气等级预报方法研究

森林火灾是危害森林健康的主要灾害之一,准确预测森林火险对做好森林火灾预防工作具有重要意义.针对我国森林火险预报缺乏小尺度预报的问题,以MTCLIM模型、WindNinja软件为基础,通过研究森林资源小班气象因子的计算与生成技术,设计并开发了火险天气等级预报模块,实现了森林资源小班火险天气等级的快速预报.试验分析表明,该...     

紧迫危险避碰决策支持模块设计及其应用

为有效解决紧迫危险时的避碰问题,积累更多的海上避碰经验,在船舶拟人智能避碰决策（PIDVCA）研究成果的基础上,提出了紧迫危险协调避碰决策支持模块的设计思路与实现方法;探讨了将该模块应用于航海模拟器培训教学实践的思路.     

威宁森林火灾与气象条件的相互关系研究

利用威宁冬春林火资料及同期气象资料,从影响森林火灾发生的气象因子着手,分析了气象条件对森林火灾发生的影响和作用,揭示了二者间的相互关系,建立了简单而又直观的气候干燥度公式,计算了可燃物潜在火险程度的等级指标,为林火预测预报提供了科学依据。     

National fuel-treatment budgeting in US federal agencies: Capturing opportunities for transparent decision-making

The Ecosystem Management Decision Support (EMDS) system has been used by the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service and Bureaus of the Department of the Interior since 2006 to evaluate wildfire potential across all administrative units in the continental US, and to establish priorities for allocating fuel-treatment budgets. This article discusses an EMDS fuels-treatment decision-support application, agency experiences with the application, and the extent to which it addressed concerns in Congress, and those of the General Accountability Office. EMDS aids the budget allocation process by providing a rational, transparent, and reproducible process that can be clearly communicated to Congressional staff and oversight personnel. However, practical application of this decision-support process was not without challenges, which included missing or suboptimal data, clearly articulated fuels management objectives, and improved understanding (via re-assessing decision logic from prior years) of trade-offs in decision-making.     

Integration of socio-economic and environmental variables for modelling long-term fire danger in Southern Europe

In Mediterranean forests fire danger assessment is of crucial importance for any fire prevention policy, both at the local and global scale. The objective of this study is to model large scale structural forest fire danger in Southern Europe. This was done through the identification of those physiographic, socioeconomic and environmental factors that best explain fire occurrence in this region. The modeling process consisted of a multi-step analysis based on multiple regression techniques. In this work, a balance is reached between the objectivity of mechanical methods, and the thoroughness entailed by an exhaustive selection of the variables. Due to the different availability of input data, two different fire danger models were built. One model was derived for Portugal, Spain, France, Italy and Greece, using an initial set of 32 independent variables. A second model was derived for a reduced area (Spain, France and Italy) using these 32 plus another 5 variables. Both models were built using the same methodology, which was based on the search for best intermediate models. The dependent variable used to represent forest fire danger was computed through the annual average of fire occurrence. Statistically, both models performed satisfactorily. The final fits for the first and second model yielded R ² values of 0.60 and 0.71, respectively. Given the structural condition of the variables considered, the resulting models can be used to support the design of fire prevention policies on the long-term basis.

基于因子叠加法的西藏自治区地质灾害危险度区划

根据西藏自治区的实际情况,选择地形地貌、地层岩性、灾害分布、降雨条件四个评价因素,建立评价因子指标体系,采用D e lph i法确定出各指标的权重,应用综合分析的因子叠加法对整个研究区的地质灾害危险度进行了区划。区划结果包括高、中、低三个等级,高危险度区约22万km2,中危险度区约29万km2,低危险度区约70万km2。并对三种危险度区域内的地质灾害特点进行了概述。     

济南山丘区土壤侵蚀潜在危险度景观格局分析

土壤侵蚀潜在危险度景观格局的形成及其变化是自然的和人为的多种因素相互作用的结果 ,运用景观生态学原理 ,通过分析景观斑块的类型、数量、面积大小和空间组合状况 ,揭示出济南市山丘区的土壤侵蚀潜在危险度分布特征及空间变异规律