生物发酵床条件下育肥猪疾病控制效果观察

通过建立生物发酵床,利用垫料中有益菌群的占位、生物热消毒、杀菌抑菌原理,配套疾病综合控制措施,对比观察了育肥猪的疾病发生情况。结果表明:发酵床条件下育肥猪的发病率降低了10.07%;因病死亡率降低1.65%;头均防治费降低5.60元,降低了52.8%;场内原有的猪瘟、猪丹毒、猪肺疫、仔猪副伤寒、传染性鼻炎、关节炎的发病得到了有效控制;胃肠炎、蛔虫、疥癣及感冒等的发病率也出现大幅度下降趋势,分别降低8.5%、12.1%、10.6%和3.8%,;生物发酵床改善了猪舍环境,增强了猪的体况,提高了免疫效果,保障了猪群的健康。     

A STORAGE-LIKE DISEASE WITH SKELETAL INVOLVEMENT IN A DOG

A storage-like disease in a 14-month-old Rhodesian Ridgeback dog is described. Clinically the dog was lame on all legs, and appendicular joint capsules were distended. Radiographically and at necropsy, there was evidence of osteoarthritis, increased volume of synovial fluid, and marked hypertrophy of the synovial membranes. Large mononclear cells with vacuolated cytoplasm were evident in synovial membranes. Large mononuclear cells with vacuolated cytoplasm were evident in synovial membranes. Large mononuclear cells with vacuolated cytoplasm were evident in synovial membranes, bone marrow, liver, lymph nodes, and endocrine glands. Vacuolated cells in lymph nodes stained positively for fat. Transmission electron microscopy revealed empty membrane-bound cytoplasmic vacuoles. The similarity of this disease to storage diseases in man where arthropathy is a feature is discussed.     

北京地区草坪杂草防治的初步研究

在摸清北京地区不同类型草坪中不同杂草种类的基础上，选择了一定效果的除草剂对这些优势种进行了２个生长季节的防治试验。结果表明，不同除草剂对草坪草敏感程度和防治效果不一样。在使用除草剂防治草坪杂草时一定要谨慎，否则将出现较大药害。     

我国牧草种质资源保存、利用与保护

牧草是自然资源的重要组成部分,也是农业可持续发展的物质基础,在我国草地畜牧业生产、生态环境及人民生活中发挥着巨大的作用。为此,论述了我国牧草种质资源调查、收集、保存、研究和利用的现状,存在问题及对今后发展的建议,提出今后应加强优良和珍稀牧草种质的搜集、生态型及遗传多样性的研究和利用、生物技术在优良牧草种质创新的应用、种质保存的时效性和野生状态下牧草遗传变异与进化的速率、短寿命牧草种子保存技术、优良基因的发掘和功能研究以及利用平台的构建、物种或种群保护的生物学基础研究7个重点领域的研究。     

生乳储运条件对品质影响的探究

菌落总数是衡量生乳品质的重要指标之一.生乳中菌落总数基数越大,其品质越不稳定.但因为奶源产地等原因,生乳必须经过一段时间运输才能到达乳品企业进行生产,运输过程可能由于微生物繁殖导致生乳品质下降.试验选取菌落总数基数不同的两批生乳,通过在2～6℃和10～15℃条件下存放,模拟生乳在冷藏储运和脱冷储运状态下,分别储存24 ...     

火鸡精液液态低温保存

本文研究了3种稀释液在0～5℃下保存火鸡精液的效果及稀释液pH值、稀释比例和卵黄浓度对精子存活力的影响。原精及稀释精液Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ不保存时,受精率分别为71.7％,64.03％,63.29％和63.77％(P<0.05);在0～5℃下保存48h后,原精完全丧失受精率(0％),而稀释精液Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的受精率分别为52.40％,45.30％和20.33％(P<0.01)。火鸡精液在0～5℃保存过程中,pH值降低,原精比稀释精液降低程度大。在本研究条件下,pH6.5和1:3稀释最适合于火鸡精子的存活,稀释液中添加5％或10％卵黄可提高火鸡精子的存活力。     

Prevalence of equine polysaccharide storage myopathy and other myopathies in two equine populations in the United Kingdom

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of equine polysaccharide storage myopathy (EPSM) in two populations of horses in the UK. Biopsy specimens from 94 horses presented to an abattoir (population 1), and 46 horses with neuromuscular disorders presented to a university referral hospital (population 2) were obtained over a period of 4 years. Histological sections were examined by a veterinary pathologist for lesions including abnormal polysaccharide inclusions in myofibres.In population 1, a diagnosis of EPSM was made in 8% and non-specific myopathy in 33% of horses. In population 2, a diagnosis of EPSM was made in 22%, equine motor neurone disease (EMND) in 15% and non-specific myopathy in 37%. Within each population there was no difference in age, sex or breed distribution and muscle disease diagnosis. However, populations differed from each other in age and breed distributions and muscle disease diagnosis. EPSM was found in draft, Warmblood and related breeds and was diagnosed for the first time in cob-types. EMND was reported in 7/46 horses presented for neuromuscular disease and weakness, representing an important diagnosis in the UK. This study showed a high prevalence of EPSM and other myopathies in typical breeds of horses in the UK.     

绒山羊皮肤毛囊兴盛前期组织形态、chi-miR-107-3p与RHBDF2基因表达分析

为了探究chi-miR-107-3p和菱形家族蛋白2（rhomboid family member 2,RHBDF2）基因在不同品种（系）和光控增绒绒山羊兴盛前期（5~7月份）皮肤毛囊重建时的表达差异,本试验在7月份采集内蒙古阿拉善型绒山羊、敏盖绒山羊和光控增绒技术处理的阿尔巴斯型绒山羊体侧皮肤毛囊组织,采用组织切片技术对组织形态比较分析,实时荧光定量PCR法检测chi-miR-107-3p和RHBDF2基因的表达量。结果显示,在皮肤毛囊兴盛前期,阿拉善型绒山羊次级毛囊正处于重建阶段,敏盖绒山羊和阿尔巴斯型绒山羊（光控增绒）次级毛囊重建已基本完成;在阿拉善型绒山羊皮肤组织中chi-miR-107-3p表达量极显著高于敏盖绒山羊和阿尔巴斯型绒山羊（光控增绒）（P<0.01）,而RHBDF2基因表达量极显著低于其他两品种（系）（P<0.01）,且RHBDF2基因表达量在敏盖绒山羊皮肤组织中显著低于阿尔巴斯型绒山羊（P<0.05）。不同品种（系）和光控增绒绒山羊皮肤毛囊兴盛前期组织显微结构与chi-miR-107-3p、RHBDF2基因在皮肤组织中的表达差异分析结果相一致,次级毛囊重建初期chi-miR-107-3p表达量较高,而RHBDF2基因表达量极低,随着次级毛囊重建完成,chi-miR-107-3p表达量明显降低,RHBDF2基因表达量逐渐增高,且在不同品种（系）内蒙古绒山羊绒毛生长发育过程中的表达机制基本相同。因此,chi-miR-107-3p和RHBDF2基因是绒山羊皮肤毛囊生长发育的重要调控因子。     

水貂细小病毒性肠炎灭活疫苗保存期试验

对2~8℃条件下保存90,120,150,180,210,240,300,360 d的水貂细小病毒性肠炎灭活疫苗接种水貂进行免疫试验,结果表明:保存300 d的疫苗接种水貂30 d后血清中水貂肠炎细小病毒(MEV)HI抗体均在1∶32以上,免疫水貂强毒攻击均获得100%保护,确定水貂细小病毒细胞灭活疫苗保存期为300 d。该结果为水貂细小病毒细胞灭活疫苗运输和保存提供了理论依据。