全文获取类型
收费全文 | 18478篇 |
免费 | 1149篇 |
国内免费 | 637篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 11317篇 |
农学 | 199篇 |
基础科学 | 177篇 |
2180篇 | |
综合类 | 5525篇 |
农作物 | 94篇 |
水产渔业 | 40篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 153篇 |
园艺 | 274篇 |
植物保护 | 305篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 74篇 |
2023年 | 231篇 |
2022年 | 321篇 |
2021年 | 401篇 |
2020年 | 423篇 |
2019年 | 638篇 |
2018年 | 291篇 |
2017年 | 439篇 |
2016年 | 586篇 |
2015年 | 567篇 |
2014年 | 1005篇 |
2013年 | 947篇 |
2012年 | 1456篇 |
2011年 | 1338篇 |
2010年 | 1126篇 |
2009年 | 1186篇 |
2008年 | 1125篇 |
2007年 | 1233篇 |
2006年 | 1075篇 |
2005年 | 985篇 |
2004年 | 790篇 |
2003年 | 621篇 |
2002年 | 505篇 |
2001年 | 526篇 |
2000年 | 387篇 |
1999年 | 286篇 |
1998年 | 268篇 |
1997年 | 213篇 |
1996年 | 214篇 |
1995年 | 202篇 |
1994年 | 169篇 |
1993年 | 133篇 |
1992年 | 119篇 |
1991年 | 113篇 |
1990年 | 78篇 |
1989年 | 101篇 |
1988年 | 62篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
异龄林既是一个自然生态系统,又是一个复杂的森林经营系统。一个经营工作者要对异龄林进行高效率的经营,就必须掌握现实林的动态变化规律,以便有目的地制定经营措施。异龄林系统从经营角度出发,可以划分成如下三个组成单元:进界生长量、向上生长量和枯损量。上述三个单元的相互作用构成了异龄林系统的动态变化规律。本文的主要目的就是通过对上述三个生长单元的动态进行模拟,寻找出异龄林的动态变化规律,所用方法是对每个生长单元用多个数学模型进行拟合,再通过统计量分析和实际验证从中选出最理想的模型,并据此对现实异龄林的动态进行预测。证明了以曲线形式反映异龄林的动态变化远优于线性形式。所用材料取自黑龙江省小兴安岭和牡丹江林区的冷杉(Abies nephrolepis)为主的异龄针阔混交林。 相似文献
92.
93.
Uemeson José dos Santos Gustavo Pereira Duda Marise Conceição Marques José Romualdo de Sousa Lima Eduardo Soares de Souza 《Arid Land Research and Management》2019,33(3):255-273
Caatinga is a Brazilian dry ecosystem that occupies around 1 million km2 and is one of the largest tropical dry forests of the world. About 46% of the area that was originally covered has been deforested. Land use can cause pronounced reduction in soil carbon stocks that play a major role in the global carbon cycle. The objective of this study was to improve our understanding of the effect of land use on oxidizable carbon fractions, total carbon stocks and humic substances in different layers of soil in a Brazilian semi-arid region. We analyzed soils from tropical dry forest (TDF), forest succession with Anadenanthera falcata (ANA), with Tabebuia alba (TAB), secondary scrubby regeneration (SCR), and non-irrigated maize (MS). Forests showed larger fractions of more labile carbon, except for TDF. The most recalcitrant fraction of carbon stock, humin fraction stock, with the different land use decreased by 38–53% compared to TDF. Oxidizable carbon fractions, carbon stocks, and humic fraction stocks were able to differentiate the successional land uses and agricultural cover from TDF, mainly in the 0–5?cm layer. Our results show that changes in land use, especially with ANA forest succession, showed a larger labile carbon fraction, indicating easy decomposition and loss. Our results provide an alternative tool for the management of deforested areas in tropical dry caatinga ecosystems. This would contribute to the conservation of dry forest systems and could serve as guideline for sustainable management of agriculturally impacted caatinga areas. 相似文献
94.
关于进一步发展蛟河市旅游业的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年来,蛟河市森林旅游发展快,形势育人,特别是1995年成立拉法山国家森林公园以来,根据当地特点,在旅游开发、在旅游开发、促销、接待旅游团体等方面下了很大功夫,建立了有特色的民俗村、渡假村等,已基本形成了四大景区十个景点,总投资额达5600多万元,从业人员达2800多人,总产值达12000多万元。 相似文献
95.
Francisco J. Escobedo David J. Nowak John E. Wagner Carmen Luz De la Maza Manuel Rodríguez Daniel E. Crane Jaime Hernndez 《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2006,4(3-4):105-114
Santiago, Chile's semi-arid climate and urbanized environment poses a severe limitation for the establishment and maintenance of urban forests. Municipalities, or comunas, are the main stakeholders in the management of Santiago's public urban forests. A tenable hypothesis would be that as the socioeconomic level of a comuna increases, the better the condition of a comuna's urban forest. Unfortunately, there is little comprehensive information on management, public expenditure, and structure of Santiago's public and private urban forests. To examine this hypothesis, Santiago was divided into socioeconomic strata, then using air photo interpretation and stratified field sampling, urban forest structures were quantified by socioeconomic strata. In addition, interview surveys were used to determine municipal urban forest management and expenditures for different public urban forests based on socioeconomic strata. Urban forests in the high socioeconomic strata had fewer public trees, greater tree cover, tree and leaf area density, and leaf area index than lower socioeconomic strata. The percentage of total municipal budget allocated to public urban forest management was consistent among strata, but the total public urban forest budgets were greater in the high socioeconomic strata. Public urban forest structure is related to the socioeconomic strata of Santiago's different comunas. 相似文献
96.
Frauke Ecke Pernilla Christensen Per Sandström Birger Hörnfeldt 《Landscape Ecology》2006,21(4):485-497
Several studies indicate a long-term decline in numbers of different species of voles in northern Fennoscandia. In boreal Sweden, the long-term decline is most pronounced in the grey-sided vole (Clethrionomys rufocanus). Altered forest landscape structure has been suggested as a possible cause of the decline. However, habitat responses of grey-sided voles at the landscape scale have never been studied. We analyzed such responses of this species in lowland forests in Västerbotten, northern Sweden. Cumulated spring densities representing 22 local time series from 1980–1999 were obtained by a landscape sampling design and were related to the surrounding landscape structure of 2.5×2.5 km plots centred on each of the 22 1-ha trapping plots. In accordance with general knowledge on local habitat preferences of grey-sided voles, our study supported the importance of habitat variables such as boulder fields and old-growth pine forest at the landscape scale. Densities were negatively related to clear cuts. Habitat associations were primarily those of landscape structure related to habitat fragmentation, distance between habitat patches and patch interspersion rather than habitat patch type quantity. Local densities of the grey-sided vole were positively and exponentially correlated with spatial contiguity (measured with the fragmentation index) of old-growth pine forest, indicating critical forest fragmentation thresholds. Our results indicate that altered land use might be involved in the long-term decline of the grey-sided vole in managed forest areas of Fennoscandia. We propose two further approaches to reveal and test responses of this species to changes in landscape structure. 相似文献
97.
Urban forests are unique and highly valued resources. However, trees in urban forests are often under greater stress than those in rural or undeveloped areas due to soil compaction, restricted growing spaces, high temperatures, and exposure to air and water pollution. In addition, conditions change more quickly in urban as opposed to rural and undeveloped settings. Subsequently, proactive management of urban forests can be challenging and requires the availability of current and comprehensive information. Geospatial tools, such as, geographic information systems (GIS), global positioning systems (GPS) and remote sensing, work extremely well together for gathering, analyzing, and reporting information. Many urban forest management questions could be quickly and effectively addressed using geospatial methods and tools. The geospatial tools can provide timely and extensive spatial data from which urban forest attributes can be derived, such as land cover, forest structure, species composition and condition, heat island effects, and carbon storage. Emerging geospatial tools that could be adapted for urban forest applications include data fusion, virtual reality, three-dimensional visualization, Internet delivery, modeling, and emergency response. 相似文献
98.
农牧交错带小流域防护林水源涵养功能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
文中以内蒙古赤峰市敖汉旗大五家流域内防护林为研究对象,重点研究该流域内不同防护林涵养水源功能的现状,旨在评价不同植被类型水源涵养功能的差异,同时探寻低功能涵养水源型防护林更新改造途径。研究结果表明:不同防护林的土壤理化性质以及涵养水源功能差异明显,华北落叶松白榆混交、杨树柠条混交枯落物的现存量为3.4695~4.8536 t/hm2,最大持水量为64.225~66.125mm;华北落叶松白榆混交的植被类型具有良好的涵养水源能力,为164.563 t/hm2;灌木纯林和灌木混交林在实际调查中表现较差,在今后的森林经营中应考虑营造针阔混交林。 相似文献
99.
100.
壳斗科植物具有丰富花蜜和花粉.2007年4~7月,对云南哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林壳斗科蜜源植物开发利用的潜力进行了初步研究.在该季节,中华蜜蜂可利用的壳斗科植物主要有木果石栎、景东石栎和腾冲栲.3种植物的花期均为50天左右.放置在原始森林林缘蜂群的取蜜量明显高于放置在原始森林内和附近次生林的蜂群.一群放置在林缘、群势为5标准框的中华蜜蜂蜂群,一个花期可以取蜂蜜约5 kg. 相似文献