大蒜高产优质高效的氮磷钾配合施用技术研究

1998~2001年连续三年多点研究大蒜高产优质高效的氮磷钾配合施用技术。结果表明,氮磷钾配施可以大幅度提高大蒜的产量,三年平均,蒜苗、蒜苔和蒜头产量较不施钾肥的对照分别提高13.9%~39.2%、24.2%~33.2%和17.3%~24.5%,平均增产30.5%、29.4%和21.2%。增施氮肥也能有效提高蒜苗和蒜苔的产量;磷肥用量不足,蒜头产量急剧下降。以施用钾肥为中心的平衡施肥技术能有效增加蒜苗和蒜苔中维生素C及可溶性糖分含量,改善大蒜的内在品质,提高大蒜的营养价值。施钾增收5343~7279元/hm2,施用钾肥的产投比达(10.8~19.5):1。当前生产水平条件下,大蒜平衡施肥方案为纯N300kg/hm2,P2O590kg/hm2,K2O300kg/hm2左右。     

考虑不密实接触地下埋管联合受力分析

埋藏式压力钢管设计中,钢衬、混凝土衬圈和围岩之间普遍存在着不连续的缝隙,致使设计计算时难以进行联合受力分析。针对这种不密实接触问题,采用厚壁圆环组合环法,提出了在钢衬和混凝土之间设置接触层的钢衬、混凝土衬圈和围岩三者联合受力分析方法。并利用变形协调条件,推导出各环变形的解析解,得到钢衬和围岩的压力分担比。不同接触情况下的受力分析结果表明,当接触层弹性模量小于混凝土弹模的1/100时,接触层的弹性模量变化对钢衬和围岩压力分担比的影响较大;而接触层厚度对压力分担比的影响不甚明显。另外,接触层参数可通过其变形与规范建议的初始缝隙相匹配的原则加以确定。     

甘蓝型油菜黄籽品种SSR指纹图谱的构建

采用SSR标记技术构建5个甘蓝型油菜黄籽品种的指纹图谱,用于鉴别种子真伪。以19个甘蓝型油菜黄籽品种(系)为材料,从100对SSR引物中筛选出2对多态性最高的SSR引物进行PCR扩增。经非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测显示,5个甘蓝型油菜黄籽品种都存在特异性带,成功构建出甘蓝型油菜黄籽品种的指纹图谱。表明SSR标记技术是种质鉴定的一种高效方法。     

金钗石斛生物碱组分GC指纹图谱的建立

目的:建立金钗石斛药材指纹图谱,为其内在质量控制提供部分科学依据。方法:采用气相色谱法,OV1701石英毛细管柱(30m×0.32mm,0.25μm),以FID为检测器,石斛碱为对照品,建立金钗石斛药材的指纹图谱。结果:金钗石斛由8个峰组成,其峰面积大于90%,精密度、稳定性、重复性均符合《中药注射剂指纹图谱研究的技术要求(暂行)》要求。结论:本法可以作为金钗石斛内在质量控制的标准。     

数字化校园的网络架构与设计——以长江大学数字化校园网络建设为例

网络基础架构是数字化校园建设的首要问题,针对长江大学前期校园网存在的问题,结合校园网的地理分布、系统平台、管理体系、应用需求等要素,提出了网络建设目标及技术要求,确定了各关键子系统的组成及其组网链路方式,设计了数字化校园网络的整体架构。     

湘北红壤性旱瘠田有机,无机肥配合施用效果研究

１９９３－１９９５年在桃源县盘塘乡“湘北红壤试区”旱瘠田设置定位试验。结果表明：有机无机肥配施能够提高土壤有机质和全量养分含量，活化土壤养分，提高土壤肥力，促进水稻对养分的吸收，增加水稻产量。     

恒压喷灌系统喷洒水特性变化规律的试验研究

针对恒压喷灌系统压力变化的特性,通过试验得到了在不同工作压力及压力的周期变化情况下,ZY-1、ZY-2型喷头组合喷灌强度及均匀度的变化规律。结果表明,不同工作压力下,平均喷灌强度及组合均匀度与压力之间基本成线性关系;在一定的压力变幅下,系统压力的周期变化对平均喷灌强度及组合均匀度的影响较小,在压力周期不变的情况下,不同...     

紫色土发育成的水稻土微团粒结构中有机－无机复合体的性质

This paper deals with characteristics of organo-mineral complexing of microaggregates in the paddy soils developed from purple soils in Sichuan, China. Results show that the contents of organic matter in microaggregates are in the order of 1-0.25 mm > smaller than 0.05 mm > 0.05-0.25 mm. But the organic matter in 1-0.01 mm microaggregates accounts for 68.1%-78.7% of that in soil. The organic matter in < 0.05 mm microaggregates is complexed humus on the whole, of which the degree of organo-mineral complexing varies between 96.1% and 99.5%, which is higher than that of the soil or > 0.05 mm microaggregates. The contents of loosely combined humus and the ratios of loosely and tightly combined humus markedly decline with the size of microaggregates. Flesh soil humus formed from semi-decomposed organic material or organic manure added is combined first with < 0.001 mm clay, and then aggregated with other organic and mineral particles to form larger microaggregates, in which the aging of humus happens at the same time; whereas organic matter of the light fraction is mainly involved in the formation of > 0.05 mm microaggregates.     

Genetic diversity of a natural population of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii analysed from field nodules and by a plant infection technique

We compared trapping of Rhizobiumleguminosarum biovar trifolii isolates under field soil and non-soil environmental conditions. Isolates were obtained from white clover (Trifoliumrepens L.) and red clover (T. pratense L.) grown directly in the field and from plants inoculated with soil from the same site using a plant infection technique. Isolates were identified by genomic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting using primers derived from the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) sequences. The isolates trapped from soil dilutions in the laboratory included a number of major ERIC types that were not found in the field trapped nodules, suggesting that sampling of clover Rhizobium strains from soil dilutions may not be representative of the field nodulating population.     

连续分期配施有机肥对棉花超高产及土壤肥力的影响

1997～ 1 999年定位施肥试验表明 ,在施N量为 592 5～ 60 0 0kg·hm- 2 (N∶P2 O3∶K2 O =1∶0 5∶0 6) ,有机肥N、P2 O5、K2 O分别占 1 0 0 %～ 1 2 4%、 50 3 %～ 51 0 %和 50 0 %的条件下 ,随着分期配施有机肥年限的增加 ,棉花果节数、结铃数、结铃率和皮棉产量均得到明显的提高 ,铃重和衣分也略有增加 ,土壤肥力也得了改善和提高。创棉花 2 2 50kg·hm- 2 高产 ,要求连续分期配施有机肥 2年以上 ,棉花六成铃区成铃比例皆在 1 0 %以上。