Influence of endotoxin induced fever on the pharmacokinetics of intramuscularly administered cefepime in rabbits

This study examined the effect of experimentally induced fever on the pharmacokinetics of cefepime (75 mg/kg BW) administered intramuscularly to six rabbits. The study was carried out in two consecutive phases separated by a two-week washout period. An infection was induced by an intravenous inoculation of 5 × 10⁸ colony-forming units of Escherichia coli 24 h before the pharmacokinetic investigation. A quantitative microbiological assay was employed to measure the plasma cefepime concentrations using an agar-gel diffusion method with Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 as the test organism. Twenty-four hour after the injection, the rectal temperature in the infected animals increased by 1–. There was a significant reduction in the elimination half-life by 21.8% in the febrile rabbits compared to healthy animals. In addition, the infection significantly increased the peak plasma concentrations by 11.9%, the mean residence time by 19.9%, the area under the plasma-concentration-time curve by 53.6% and the area under the moment curve by 62.3%. In conclusion, the endotoxin-induced febrile state produced significant changes in the plasma levels as well as some of the pharmacokinetic variables of cefepime in rabbits.     

绿色荧光蛋白标记荧光假单胞菌P303及其生存能力检测

构建了含有荧光假单胞菌自身启动子PP303的中间质粒载体pGFP.然后利用mini-Tn5转座子,通过接合转移,将两个带有不同启动子的绿色荧光蛋白基因分别整合到荧光假单胞菌P303染色体上,获得了在488nm波长下发光稳定的P303m1和P303m3菌株.PCR鉴定和Southern印迹结果均证明绿色荧光蛋白已随机插入P303染色体.SDS-PAGE结果表明,含有PA1/04/03启动子的P303m3菌株GFP表达量低于含有PP303启动子的P303m1菌株,染色体标记的GFP表达量低于质粒标记.室内平板抑菌试验结果表明,P303m1与出发菌株P303抑菌活性相当,对九种植物病原真菌有较强的拮抗作用.定殖、生存竞争能力研究表明,荧光假单胞菌在自然土壤中和大白菜根际都具有较强的定殖能力.P303和P303m1在自然土壤中第60天的菌量分别为1.63×104和3.3×102cfu/g土(湿重),大白菜根际第50天的菌量分别为3.29×106和4.1×104cfu/g根(湿重).     

Comparison of results from the semiautomated serum bone alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme assay with the periosteal alkaline phosphatase assay for use in rat models

BACKGROUND: Assessment of bone formation activity is an important component of pharmacologic efficacy and toxicity evaluations for compounds in development for osteoporosis therapies. Antemortem biomarkers of bone formation and remodeling in rodents are uncommon. While the periosteal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay is a postmortem and laborious means of testing bone-building activity, the semiautomated ALP isoenzyme assay is an antemortem assay that is performed on an automated chemistry analyzer after 2 simple dilutions of the initial serum sample and a short incubation. OBJECTIVES: The goal of our investigation was to determine if the serum bone ALP (BALP) data obtained from the semiautomated ALP isoenzyme assay had a similar pattern of response when compared with the periosteal ALP (PALP) assay for use in pharmacologic screening in rats. METHODS: Serum and bone tissue samples were obtained from orchidectomized Wistar rats, a model of clinically induced osteoporosis. Subsequent bone formation was initiated via treatment with one of several compounds. In study 1, orchidectomized male rats were given either vehicle, dihydrotestosterone or a testosterone derivative subcutaneously every 4 days for 28 days. In study 2, orchidectomized male rats were given either vehicle or compounds A, B, or C by oral gavage daily for 15 days. Blood and tibias were collected at necropsy. Serum was analyzed for BALP activity using a semiautomated ALP assay. Tibias from the same rats were analyzed for PALP activity. RESULTS: Serum BALP activity paralleled PALP activity within each group when compared with the controls. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that the semiautomated serum BALP isoenzyme assay may be used as a biomarker of bone-building potential in rat models of osteoporosis. This assay affords many advantages to investigators of musculoskeletal diseases, including the potential to measure multiple data points in a single study.     

抗A型禽流感病毒核蛋白特异性单克隆抗体研究（英文）

Five monoclonal antibodies(Mabs)to nuclear protein of avain influenza virus(AIV)were developed by syncretizing SP 2/0 and the spleen cells from BALB of mice immuized with H9 subtype AIV.Specificity of these Mabs were identified by immunofluorescent assay(IFA)and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).These five Mabs which were named as AIV-NP-2C3,AIV-NP-6A5,AIV-NP-3H9,AIV-NP-7B4,AIV-NP-2H4 could react with all viruses of AIV-H9 strains in tests.The result of Western blotting showed that only the 60 ku protein antigen of AIV-H9 could be recognized by the Mabs but never recognized by New castle disease virus,REV and infectious bursa disease virus.The result of preliminary application showed that avian influenza viruses could be dectected by Mabs in IFA and ELISA.All these Mabs will probably play important roles in preventing and monitoring avian influenza viruses.     

抗犬瘟热病毒单克隆抗体的制备及初步应用

采用 B淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术 ,通过免疫荧光法筛选 ,获得 4株能稳定分泌抗犬瘟热病毒的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株。 4株单克隆抗体均属 Ig G1亚类 ,其腹水效价在 1∶ 10 - 4 ～ 1∶ 10 - 5,细胞培养上清液效价为 1∶ 10 - 2 ～ 1∶ 10 - 3 。用微量细胞培养中和试验筛选到 2株具有中和活性的特异性单克隆抗体 ,其中和效价为 1∶ 32和 1∶ 12 8,并初步应用于治疗中早期犬瘟热病毒感染犬 ,取得了较好的结果。     

马立克氏病病毒CV1988株pp24基因的克隆与表达

根据马立克氏病病毒（MDV）国际参考强毒CA株pp24基因序列，设计和合成了一对引物，其两端分别含SalI和EcoRI的酶切位点，以CV1988株基因组DNA为模板，通过PCR技术，扩增其pp24基因。PCR产物经纯化后，按正确的阅读框架定向克隆到表达性载体pGEX-6P-1中谷胱甘肽转移酶（GST）基因的下游，并用序列测定验证。将重组质粒转化的大肠杆菌BL21，在1.0mMIPTG和37℃条件下诱导，GST-pp24基因获得了表达。诱导菌体的裂解物经12%的SDS聚丙烯凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）和Westemblot试验验证。得到大小为43kD的融合蛋白，与预期大小一致。将该融合蛋白的凝胶带切下研碎后免疫小鼠三次后，其血清与MDV感染的鸡胚成纤维细胞（CEF）在间接免疫荧光试验中呈阳性反应。     

检测猪捷申病毒抗体的间接免疫荧光方法的建立与初步应用

为建立检测猪捷申病毒(PTV)抗体的方法,本研究利用PTV-8 Jilin/2003株为杭原,建立了检All PTV杭体的的间接免疫荧光技术(IFA)方法.该方法工作浓度分别是:一抗最适稀释度为1:10:FITC标记二抗最适稀释度为1:100;二杭中伊文氏兰最适稀释度为1:30 000.敏感性试验、特异性试验表明该杭原板可以检出包含PTV-8型和1型在内的的所有PTV阳性血清,方法敏感、特异.与SN符合率94.0.用该方法对黑龙江、山东、天津和河南等地的1 500份临床血清样品进行检测,阳性检出率为55.8,表明我国猪群中PTV的感染已经非常普遍.该方法做为PTV的血清学诊断新技术,为开展PTV分子流行病学调查莫定了基础.     

转Bt基因大豆植株中Bt毒蛋白的表达

采用ELISA定量测定法研究了转Bt基因大豆不同生长时期不同器官中Bt毒蛋白含量的变化,结果表明：转Bt基因大豆不同器官在不同生育期Bt毒蛋白含量表现出较大的差异：大豆顶叶中Bt毒蛋白的表达随着大豆植株的生长不断加强,苗期顶叶中Bt毒蛋白的表达比较旺盛,在分枝期略有下降,且在分枝期保持在一个相对稳定的状态,在开花期时顶叶中的Bt毒蛋白含量又明显增加,直到成熟期;在相同生育期内,转基因大豆营养器官中Bt毒蛋白的含量高于生殖器官.根中的Bt毒蛋白含量最高,茎其次,叶中的Bt毒蛋白含量最低.花和幼荚器官中的Bt毒蛋白含量虽然相对低于其他器官中的Bt毒蛋白含量,但仍处于较高的水平.新生幼荚中的Bt毒蛋白含量在同时期的其它器官中含量最低,但是其Bt毒蛋白的含量在30d后开始迅速增加.     

青海省海西州改良绒山羊衣原体病血清学诊断

采集青海省海西州部分地区改良绒山羊血清样品561份,用间接血凝试验检测衣原体抗体.结果检出阳性123份,平均阳性检出率为21.93%.     

间接ELISA测定禽源大肠杆菌外膜蛋白抗体方法的建立

建立的检测禽源大肠杆菌外膜蛋白抗体的间接 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ,抗原最适包被质量浓度为 ５０ ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ;包被方式以 ４℃过夜为佳;待检血清作用时间为 １～１５ ｈ,酶标抗体作用时间为 １５ ｈ 时效果最好,酶标抗体最适稀释倍数为 １∶４ ０００。