Zn对AM真菌侵染紫云英转化根的影响

分别建立丛枝菌根(AM)真菌Gigaspora margarita、Gigaspora rosea和Glomus intraradices与紫云英转化根双重共培养体系,并利用该体系研究不同Zn浓度对单接种与混合接种AM真菌侵染紫云英转化根的影响。结果表明,0.1 mmol/L Zn提高了大部分处理的根段侵染率、菌丝密度以及P的吸收,0.5mmol/L Zn抑制了AM真菌菌丝的生长,但能增加部分处理转化根对P的吸收。0.1 mmol/L Zn浓度下,单接种Glomus intraradices、混合接种Gigaspora margarita与Glomus intraradices的根段侵染率最高,并且在混合侵染根段中Glomus intraradices根段侵染率比Gigaspora margarita高12%。     

不同物种输卵管上皮细胞培养、纯度检测及支持小鼠胚胎发育的能力

针对不同物种采用不同方法培养小鼠、山羊和鸡输卵管上皮细胞(OECs)并检测上皮细胞纯度,在此基础上比较了它们支持小鼠胚胎发育的能力。结果表明,3种细胞都能很好地生长,培养的细胞几乎全为上皮细胞(Vi-mentin单克隆抗体检测显示,小鼠、山羊和鸡OECs的阳性细胞率分别为2.4±0.3、1.3±0.3和1.8±0.4)。昆明白小鼠原核胚与小鼠、山羊和鸡OECs共培养,发育到囊胚的比例分别为61.7%、57.2%和56.2%,差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明鸡和山羊OECs能很好地支持小鼠胚胎发育。     

稻虾共作对秸秆还田后稻田温室气体排放的影响

稻虾共作模式是稻田种养复合模式的重要组成部分,其主要特点是稻草全量还田、非稻季持续淹水和周年养殖克氏原螯虾。目前对稻虾共作模式稻田温室气体排放的影响尚不清楚。本研究以江汉平原冬泡无稻草还田为对照,设置冬泡+稻草还田和冬泡+稻草还田+养虾处理,探讨稻草还田及稻虾共作对稻田系统CH_4、N_2O和CO_2排放的影响,为准确评估稻田温室气体排放提供数据支撑和理论支持。结果表明,在大田监测期间,冬泡+稻草还田处理CH_4累积排放量比冬泡无稻草还田处理显著增加(P0.05),2015年和2016年增幅分别为27.23%和60.08%;冬泡+稻草还田+养虾处理CH_4累积排放量比冬泡+稻草还田显著降低(P0.05),2015年和2016年降幅分别为29.02%和41.19%。冬泡+稻草还田处理CO_2累积排放比冬泡无稻草还田处理显著提高;与冬泡无稻草还田处理相比较,冬泡+稻草还田处理和冬泡+稻草还田+养虾处理对N_2O累积排放无显著影响。从温室效应角度看,冬泡+稻草还田处理温室效应比冬泡无稻草还田处理大幅度增加,而冬泡+稻草还田基础上进行养虾则可大幅度降低CH_4排放,从而降低因秸秆还田带来的温室效应增强。所有处理水稻产量无显著差异,与冬泡+稻草还田处理相比,冬泡+稻草还田+养虾可显著降低温室气体排放强度。和冬泡无稻草还田处理相比,冬泡+稻草还田和冬泡+稻草还田+养虾对土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)、乙酸和NH_4~+-N并无显著影响。冬泡+稻草还田+养虾可极显著提高单位面积收益。     

Blastomere content of cultured/frozen bovine demiembryos.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether a period of co-culture with bovine oviduct epithelial cells (BOEC) could improve the tolerance of bisected bovine embryos to freezing and thawing. Day 6 embryos were bisected and the resulting demiembryos were stained with Hoechst 33342 and cell counts were made by counting intact blastomere nuclei. Of these, 11 were stained as freshly manufactured demiembryos, 25 after co-culture for 24 h with BOEC and 37 stained after 24 h co-culture and freezing and thawing. The staining revealed, that there was no significant difference in cell count of demiembryos that were stained immediately after bisection, compared to those, that were co-cultured for a 24 h period. Also, the co-cultured/frozen/thawed demiembryos had a significant decrease in cell numbers compared to the non-frozen demiembryos. We conclude, that a 24 h period of co-culture with BOEC does not result in appreciable cellular proliferation in demiembryos and therefore instead of improving the survival of frozen/thawed demiembryos by giving them opportunity to multiply their cell number and thus make them more resistant to cell damage, rather compromised the viability of cryopreserved demiembryos.     

Isoquinolinequinone Derivatives from a Marine Sponge (Haliclona sp.) Regulate Inflammation in In Vitro System of Intestine

Using bio-guided fractionation and based on the inhibitory activities of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), eight isoquinolinequinone derivatives (1–8) were isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona sp. Among these, methyl O-demethylrenierate (1) is a noble ester, whereas compounds 2 and 3 are new O-demethyl derivatives of known isoquinolinequinones. Compound 8 was assigned as a new 21-dehydroxyrenieramycin F. Anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were tested in a co-culture system of human epithelial Caco-2 and THP-1 macrophages. The isolated derivatives showed variable activities. O-demethyl renierone (5) showed the highest activity, while 3 and 7 showed moderate activities. These bioactive isoquinolinequinones inhibited lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma-induced production of NO and PGE2. Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and the phosphorylation of MAPKs were down-regulated in response to the inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation. In addition, nuclear translocation was markedly promoted with a subsequent increase in the expression of HO-1. Structure-activity relationship studies showed that the hydroxyl group in 3 and 5, and the N-formyl group in 7 may be key functional groups responsible for their anti-inflammatory activities. These findings suggest the potential use of Haliclona sp. and its metabolites as pharmaceuticals treating inflammation-related diseases including inflammatory bowel disease.     

不同稻蟹共作模式下的氮磷平衡及生态经济效益研究

为制定安全优质高效的稻渔共作生产技术规范、探求可持续发展的水产养殖技术,设立3种种养模式的对比试验,试验组为稻蟹共作(rice-crab co-culture, RC)和稻虾蟹共作(rice-crayfish-crab co-culture, RCC)模式,对照组为精养蟹(intensive crab, IC)模式。通过对比精养蟹、稻蟹共作、稻虾蟹共作模式下的氮磷平衡、氮磷利用、浮游生物生物量与多样性及生态经济效益来探寻最佳的稻田养蟹模式。结果显示,3种种养模式底质氮磷含量均有增加,精养模式最为显著(P<0.05);精养、稻蟹共作、稻虾蟹共作模式中氮平衡均表现为盈余,其盈余量逐减,分别为1 030.92、364.37、188.75 kg/hm²,氮利用率逐增,分别为16.47%、48.98%、65.71%;磷平衡也均表现为盈余,精养、稻蟹共作、稻虾蟹共作的磷盈余量分别为171.35、81.67、76.96 kg/hm²,磷利用率逐增,分别为7.61%、18.22%、24.29%;与精养、稻蟹共作模式相比,稻虾蟹共作模式中浮游动植物种类的...     

作物-鱼共作对淡水养殖系统N2O排放的影响

以作物[粳稻（Oryza sativa L.subsp.japonica Kato）、籼稻（Oryza sativa L.subsp.sativa）、小白菜（Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis）和空心菜（Ipomoea aquatic Forsk）]-黄颡鱼（Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）共作为例,探索不同类型作物与鱼共作对养殖水体N₂O产生和排放的影响。利用静态箱和顶空平衡-气相色谱法,测量水稻/蔬菜-黄颡鱼共作系统N₂O排放通量和上覆水与土壤孔隙水N₂O浓度。不同作物-鱼共作对养殖水体N₂O排放均有显著消减作用。与单养鱼处理相比,籼稻-鱼共作、粳稻-鱼共作、空心菜-鱼共作和小白菜-鱼共作处理N₂O排放量分别减少82.1%、69.2%、67.9%和60.3%。稻-鱼共作可以同时减少上覆水和土壤孔隙水中N₂O浓度,但菜-鱼共作仅减少上覆水中N₂O浓度。稻-鱼共作显著降低养殖水体TN、NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^--N和底泥NH₄⁺-N、DON浓度,菜-鱼共作仅显著降低养殖水体NO₃^--N浓度。作物-鱼共作处理显著增加养殖前期底泥中nirK和nosZ基因丰度,对nirS基因丰度没有显著影响。作物-鱼共作处理对鱼产量没有显著影响,但是获得额外的作物产品,显著提高了系统氮素养分利用率。与单养鱼相比,水稻和蔬菜与鱼共作均能显著减少N₂O排放,提高养殖系统氮素利用率。籼稻-鱼共作的减排效应要优于其他3种共作处理。     

Effect of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Bovine Mammary Gland Epithelial Cells Co-culture under the Serum-free Condition on Expression of IGF-Ⅰ

The study was aimed to explore the effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs) and bovine mammary gland epithelial cells (BMECs) under the serum-free co-culturing condition on expression of IGF-Ⅰ. UC-MSCs and BMECs were co-cultured directly at the concentration ratios of 1:2,in control groups, UC-MSCs and BMECs were cultured alone.Using ELISA method to detect the IGF-Ⅰlevels in each group supernatant at 48 h, and two kinds of cells were separated by Transwell Chambers, the IGF-Ⅰ and IGF-ⅠR mRNA expression values of each group were estimated with Real-time PCR. The results showed that the IGF-Ⅰ concentration of UC-MSCs and BMECs mixed co-culture was significantly higher than the UC-MSCs group (P < 0.05),and extremely significantly higher than the BMECs group (P < 0.01); The IGF-Ⅰ mRNA expression of UC-MSCs/BMECs and BMECs/UC-MSCs groups were extremely significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.01),and the IGF-Ⅰ mRNA expression of BMECs/UC-MSCs group was significantly higher than the UC-MSCs/BMECs group (P < 0.05); The IGF-ⅠR mRNA expression of UC-MSCs/BMECs and BMECs/UC-MSCs groups were higher than the control group (P < 0.05;P < 0.01), BMECs/UC-MSCs group had significant difference compared with UC-MSCs/BMECs group (P < 0.05). Conclusively, the co-culture of UC-MSCs and BMECs was able to improve the IGF-ⅠR and IGF-Ⅰ mRNA expression under the serum-free condition in vitro,and the IGF-Ⅰ concentration level was correspondence with the IGF-ⅠR mRNA expression, IGF-Ⅰmainly existed in UC-MSCs.     

Behaviour of plant material issued from in vitro tuberization

Summary In vitro bacterization of potato microplants with a pseudomonad bacterium,Pseudomonas spp. strain PsJN, induces developmental modifications which make them more hardy and more vigorous upon transplanting. The paper reviews previous experiments and presents recent data on the post-inoculation microplant generation response of genetically engineered and nonengineered clones, microplant response to CO₂ supplement, as well as the results of field experiments conducted between 1987 and 1993. Production of minitubers under greenhouse conditions and tuberization under heat stress in growth chamber are also presented. The use of the in vitro culture system for the development of microbial associations benefitting crop rotations is postulated.     

发情期家兔输卵管上皮细胞和基质细胞的分离培养与鉴定

【目的】探讨输卵管上皮细胞和基质细胞的体外分离培养方法及在激素刺激下基质细胞对上皮细胞的作用。【方法】通过差速贴壁法体外分离纯化兔输卵管上皮细胞和基质细胞;免疫组织化学染色和免疫荧光染色方法鉴定上皮细胞和基质细胞的类型和纯度;并在无胎牛血清的DMEM/F12培养液和含体积分数15%胎牛血清的DMEM/F12培养液中,分别添加不同浓度的雌激素(17β-E2)和孕激素(P4),比较上皮细胞和基质细胞的增殖情况及其对上皮细胞/基质细胞共培养的影响。【结果】体外成功地分离到兔输卵管上皮细胞和基质细胞;兔输卵管上皮细胞经鼠抗人细胞角蛋白单克降抗体(anti-CK18)免疫组织化学染色后呈阳性,细胞质呈棕色,免疫荧光染色检测其纯度在98%以上;兔输卵管基质细胞经鼠抗人波形蛋白单克降抗体(anti-Vimentin)免疫组织化学染色后呈阳性,细胞质呈棕色,免疫荧光染色检测其纯度在95%以上。17β-E2和P4均能促进兔输卵管上皮细胞和基质细胞的增殖,使其数量明显增加。基质细胞与上皮细胞共培养,上皮细胞增殖较快。【结论】差速贴壁法能够获得纯度较高的输卵管上皮细胞和基质细胞,在17β-E2和P4共同作用下,少量基质细胞能促进上皮细胞生长。