Extractive component changes in the foot muscle of live small abalone during storage

ABSTRACT: Changes in the freshness indices and extractive components in the foot muscle of live small abalone Haliotis diversicolor during storage at 5°C, 15°C, and 25°C were investigated. The pH values declined with storage time. Volatile basic nitrogen and the K -value increased gradually with storage time at 15°C and 25°C, but changes were small at 5°C. The onset of initial decomposition of samples was observed after 3.5 days at 5°C, after 2.5 days at 15°C, and after one day at 25°C. Adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate degraded rapidly within the early days of storage. In contrast, levels of adenosine monophosphate increased and exhibited prolonged accumulation throughout the storage period. The total amount of free amino acids increased markedly during storage. The dominant free amino acids, such as taurine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, and arginine, also increased after storage.     

施氮水平对青海中华羊茅产量和营养成分含量的影响

在高寒地区旱作条件下种植青海中华羊茅最适施氮量为N60kg/hm^2,施肥后三年内产草量比对照提高23.62%,其增产值是施肥成本的2.37倍,产籽量提高12.38%,其增产值是施肥成本的4.97倍。青海中华羊茅的产量随着施氮量的增加而增加,施氮后第二年的增产量高于施肥当年的增产量。粗蛋白质含量随着施氮量的增加而增加,但其增加速度随着施氮量的增加而减少,无氮浸出物的含量则随着施氮量的增加而急剧减少,而减少的速度随着施氮量的增加而减小。     

端部圆锥形薄壁构件的抗撞性设计优化

基于显式有限元技术,采用响应面法,以结构的比吸能为优化函数,研究了圆形截面金属薄壁构件的端部锥形尺寸对抗撞性的影响;经过数值分析,得出了端部为锥形的圆形截面薄壁构件的比吸能关于锥形长度和锥边直径的变化规律,这些规律可以用于实际吸能原件的设计,并为进一步研究奠定了基础.     

茎瘤芥(榨菜)数量性状遗传差异研究

对23份茎瘤芥品种资源的15个数量性状进行了主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明:前5个主成分对变异的贡献率达85.32%,并筛选出6份综合性状表现优良的品种资源。23份品种资源被分为五类,配制组合宜在类间(D2>257.9)选择亲本。遗传差异的大小与品种的地理分布和熟性无直接联系。     

Agronomic and Bioenergetic Consequences of Selection for High Groat-Oil Content and High Protein Yield in Oat*

Few studies have examined the effects of selection for high oil or protein content on the chemical composition of cereal seeds. This study was conducted to examine agronomic and bioenergetic consequences that result with changes in the chemical composition of groats of oat (Avena sativa L.). Oat lines with low and high groat-oil content (GO) and with low and high groat-protein content (GP) were chosen from each of five cycles of a recurrent selection program for increasing GO and from each of four cycles of a recurrent selection program for increasing protein yield via elevating GP, respectively. These lines were evaluated at three Iowa locations in 1988. The results indicated that GP was not significantly affected by selection for high GO and that GO significantly increased during selection for high protein yield via elevating GP. Both selection procedures resulted in oat lines with higher groat-energy contents. A bioenergetic cost analysis showed that for GO in the oil population and GP in the protein population to be increased, additional photosynthate needed to be available.     

Bud pollination and hybrid seed production in detergent-induced male sterile plants of Brassica juncea

The efficacy of a synthetic detergent (Surf Excel) as a potential chemical hybridizing agent in Brassica juncea was studied. Foliar sprays with various concentrations of the detergent caused reductions in plant height, number of branches and leaves per plant, size of leaves, anther size, pollen per flower, ovules per flower, pollen fertility, fruits per plant, fruit size, seeds per fruit, total yield per plant and 100 seed weight as compared with those of untreated plants. The style in the floral buds of plants sprayed with different concentrations of Surf Excel elongated and so the receptive stigma protruded from the buds which facilitated cross‐pollination by honey bees. The plants sprayed once with 2% Surf Excel exhibited an elongated style with a raised receptive stigma and 100% pollen sterility without causing a significant reduction in total yield.     

低酚棉数量性状遗传的初步研究 Ⅱ主成分分析和聚类分析

本研究对32个低酚棉品种(系)的18个数量性状进行了主成分分析和聚类分析。前7个主成分的累计贡献率为87.49％:32个品种(系)中有7个综合性状较好,并可分成8类,其中大多数(78.13％)品种(系)同属第一类,表明现有低酚棉品种(系)间的遗传差异较小.要选育优良低酚棉品种,应极力扩大低酚棉品种群体的遗传基础;要利用低酚棉品种间杂种优势,应在类间选配杂交亲本。     

梅花鹿肉与绵羊肉在僵直化过程中主要理化性能的比较

通过对鹿肉与羊肉在宰后僵直化过程中保水性、pH值、游离羟脯氨酸、糖原、游离氨基酸等含量的检测及比较发现,鹿肉与羊肉在僵直化过程中各项理化指标变化趋势基本一致.鹿肉失水率、pH值、游离氨基酸含量比羊肉高(P＜0.01);游离羟脯氨酸含量比羊肉低(P＜0.01);巯基含量略高于羊肉,但差异不显著.鹿肉糖原含量略低于羊肉,但差异不显著.     

Design and Experimental Analysis of Silicon Oil Clutch

采用热水浸提、醇沉法提取红枣多糖,对红枣多糖提取工艺与一般理化性质进行了研究.选择浸提固液比、温度、时间和浸提次数作为单因素进行梯度实验,确定其条件范围,再通过正交实验L9(33)进一步确定红枣水溶性多糖最佳提取工艺条件.结果表明,最佳提取工艺条件为:固液比1:7,浸提温度80℃,浸提时间2 h,反复浸提2次.理化性质研究结果表明,提取的红枣多糖中含有多肽和AA,为蛋白质复合多糖.     

Morphological variation in Astragalus hamosus L. and Coronilla scorpioides L. populations of Tunisia

Morphological variation between Astragalus hamosus and Coronillascorpioides populations was studied using local germoplasm collected in northern and central Tunisia. Twenty-one morphological traits were recorded and data were analysed using complementary statistical analysis. Considerable variation based on morphological and agronomical traits was found between populations and for both species. Pod and peduncle lengths as well as flowers number were the most discriminant variables between populations. Differences were also found for variables like seed number per pod, seed yield and dry matter production. Significant correlations were found between plant traits and the environmental parameters of the origin sites. This study revealed enough variation among populations to initiate a selection programme for pasture improvement in arid and semi-arid areas of Tunisia, where the two species are well adapted. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.