油菜脱出物在气流中的运动分析

测定了油菜脱出物的空气动力特性，基于ADAMS研究了气流参数的变化对脱出物运动状态的影响，并对油菜脱出物在流场中的运动进行了仿真分析，选择了适合于油菜脱出物分离的气流参数，同时指出了气流清选油菜脱出物时存在的局限性。     

不同播期夏播小豆产量性能动态指标与光温水效应

为探讨光、温、水等气象因子对夏播小豆产量的影响,达到合理利用气象资源、进一步挖掘小豆增产潜力的目的,以中晚熟小豆品种花小豆(V1)和中早熟品系德红5261(V2)为材料,设T1(6月17日)、T2(6月22日)、T3(6月27日)、T4(7月2日)和T5(7月7日)5个播期,形成不同的光、温、水生长环境,对夏播小豆产量...     

不同种质茶籽脂质代谢特征分析

叶籽两用茶树种质的研发利用对于茶产业结构调整、茶园综合效益提升具有特殊意义,因此深入研究现有茶树种质与茶籽相关性状特征,可为叶籽两用茶树的遗传育种提供基础信息.从福建、云南和湖南采集了31份同年结实茶籽,对种仁的含油率和脂肪酸组成特征进行测定.结果表明,不同茶树茶籽含油率存在2倍以上的差异;从茶籽油脂中检测到10种脂肪...     

中小粒径种子播种检测技术研究进展

播种检测技术是实现播种智能化的关键技术之一,可为变量播种提供基本的技术支撑。该研究分析了国内外中小粒径种子播种检测技术进展及相应检测装备,重点阐述了中小粒径种子感知方法,主要包括机械机电报警检测法、机器视觉检测法、光电传感检测法、电容传感检测法、压电传感检测法,并对不同检测方法优劣进行分析;同时围绕播种机故障监测、播量、播种频率、行距、株距、漏播、重播等评价指标,明确了播种检测的主要内容,结合精准农业要求为不同播种模式提出对应播种检测指标;进一步分析了为解决漏播问题的变量补种技术和播种检测信息传输技术的研究概况。在系统总结和分析播种检测相关技术的基础上,提出在精准农业背景下对中小粒径种子播种检测的发展要求,展望未来中小粒径种子播种检测技术发展趋势。     

中国种子加工技术现状与趋势(英文)

通过对种子产业发展过程进行回顾,对近五年来种子加工技术发展情况调研与归纳,分析种子加工技术现状;结合种子产业的发展要求和制约种子加工技术发展中存在的问题,提出种子加工技术的研究内容与研究方向。     

纳米氧化锌对绿豆芽生长的影响

深入研究不同类型的纳米颗粒对不同植物物种具有的独特效应,可提高有关纳米物质对植物安全与风险的认知水平。为了对纳米物质生物效应的深入评估提供科学依据,测定了室温（25℃）浸种培养后绿豆芽的叶绿素、过氧化物酶活性、根长、茎长、鲜重、干重、蛋白质等生理指标及其可食部分的锌含量。结果表明,nano-ZnO和Zn2＋在较高浓度（50~1000mg.L-1）时均可抑制植物的生长,呈现出一定的植物毒性;相同浓度时,nano-ZnO较Zn2＋更有利于绿豆芽的生长和其可食部分锌的富集。最有利于绿豆芽生长和锌富集的nano-ZnO浓度为50mg.L-1,而Zn2＋浓度则为20mg.L-1。在促进生长的浓度范围内（0~50mg.L-1）,绿豆芽可食部分锌含量均小于国家食品锌标准含量值（20mg.kg-1）。可见,nano-ZnO可尝试应用于绿豆芽的农业生产活动,但在此之前须进一步开展其存在的环境、生态与人体健康风险研究。     

基于数据融合的玉米种子内部机械裂纹检测方法

为深入研究玉米种子脱粒和输送等环节中产生的内部裂纹机理和检测技术,该文在体视显微检测基础上提出了基于融合技术的边缘检测方法。该方法采用改进的数学形态学方法和传统Sobel边缘检测算子对损伤玉米种子图像进行边缘检测,建立相应的融合规则,将2种方法检测出来的图像边缘进行基于小波变换的融合处理,并从新图像中提取玉米种子内部机械损伤的特征信息。结果表明,该检测方法结合了2种边缘检测方法的优点,有效提高了边缘检测准确性,在准确提取玉米种子内部裂纹特征同时能有效降低噪声,较单一边缘检测算法有更好的效果。     

硝普钠、24-表油菜素内酯\水杨酸浸种对盐胁迫下玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

采用营养液水培,以玉米品种天泰16(TT16)、豫玉18(YY18)为材料,探讨外源硝普钠(NO的外源供体SNP)+2,4-表油菜素内酯(EBR)/水杨酸(SA)浸种对盐胁迫下玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果显示,2种外源物组合浸种后,促进了盐胁迫(150mmol/L NaCl溶液)下玉米种子的萌发,以500mg/L 24-表油菜素内酯+硝普钠复合浸种和200mg/L水杨酸+硝普钠复合浸种效果最佳,其发芽率TT16分别比对照增加15%和13%,YY18增加16%和13%;发芽势TT16分别比对照增加24%和22%,YY18增加43%和44%,主根长、芽长及生物量也较对照增加。经外源物质浸种后,盐胁迫下的玉米幼苗长势较好,SOD、POD酶活性相比对照增加显著,MDA含量较少,可溶性糖在200mg/L水杨酸+硝普钠浸种的幼苗中积累最多,分别为对照的4.35倍(TT16)和4.03倍(YY18)。与对照相比,500mg/L EBR+100mmol/L SNP复合浸种和200mg/L SA+100mmol/L SNP复合浸种,玉米种子及幼苗耐盐性增强。     

Effect of Harvest Timing on Yield and Mineral Nutritional Value of Kabuli Type Chickpea Seeds

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds are a good source of protein and mineral nutrients. However, there is no information regarding harvest timing on yield and mineral composition of chickpea seeds. The effect of harvest timing on seed yield, some yield components and mineral nutritional value of seeds of field grown chickpea plants in two different sites were studied. The mineral composition of chickpea straw depending on harvest timing was also evaluated in order to explain the variations of seed mineral concentrations in sink-source relationship manner. Yield and mineral nutritional value of chickpea were significantly affected by harvest timing. When compared to the seed yield at optimal harvest time, seed yield was 18% and 9% lower in the early harvest and 27% and 31% in the late harvest in Site 1 and Site 2, respectively. Late harvest of chickpea crops resulted in significant pod dropping and shattering. Generally, protein, phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) concentrations of the seeds in optimal harvest were found to be greater than in early and late harvested plants. Harvest timing also results in significant variations in straw mineral nutrient concentrations of the plants. As the results of this study, it was concluded that the harvest timing is critical for yield losses and mineral nutritional value of chickpea seeds.     

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve the growth and phosphorus uptake of mung bean plants fertilized with composted rock phosphate fed dung in alkaline soil environment

Abstract

Inoculation effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on phosphorus (P) transfer from composted dung of cattle with a diet supplemented with powdered rock phosphate (RP) and their successive uptake by mung bean plants was assessed in alkaline soil. The efficacy of composted RP fed dung alone or/and in combination with AMF inoculums containing six different species were compared with SSP in six replicates per treatment in pots. The results showed that the association of AMF with composted RP fed dung had a positive effect on mung bean shoot (3.04?g) and root (2.62?g) biomass, chlorophyll (a, b), carotenoid contents and N (58.38?mg plant^?1) and P (4.61?mg plant^?1) uptake. Similarly, the percent roots colonization (56%) and nodulation of mung bean plant roots and their post-harvest soil properties were also improved by the inoculation of AMF together with composted RP fed dung. It is concluded that the combined application of AMF with composted RP fed dung has almost the same effect as SSP for improving mung bean plants growth and their nutrients uptake. Moreover, AMF inoculants can be used as a suitable biofertilizer in combination with locally available organic sources of fertilizers for improving P status and growth of plants in alkaline soils.