汉江上游翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼摄食特性的初步研究

为了提高汉江上游翘嘴鳜(Siniperca chuasti)苗种培育效率,本研究以鲢(Hypophthalmichehys molitrix)和麦穗鱼(Pseudorasbora parva)作为翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼饵料,对翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼昼夜摄食节律、日摄食强度、其规格与最大可摄食饵料规格的相关性以及翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼同类相残等摄食特性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼属于晨昏摄食型;(2)翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼对饵料鲢日均摄食范围为48.75%~53.75%;(3)翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼规格与摄食麦穗鱼规格呈显著线性正相关:y=0.4146x+0.9256(R^2=0.9869);(4)在饵料缺乏情况下,不同规格翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼均进行同类相残,小规格翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼(1.5~2.0 cm)的相残率为3.33%,大规格翘嘴鳜仔稚鱼(3.0~6.5 cm)的相残率达到15.83%。     

陆地棉酵母双杂交cDNA文库及VdSCP7诱饵载体的构建

由大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)引起的棉花黄萎病是制约我国棉花生产的首要病害,严重影响棉花的产量与品质。为研究棉花与黄萎病菌互作的分子机制,本研究以国审棉百棉1号为材料,提取被大丽轮枝菌侵染的棉花根部总RNA,检测质量并用DNase Ⅰ处理后,用RNA 5'末端的模板转换方法,即SMART技术合成双链cDNA,再经酶切、过柱纯化去除短片段后,连接至pGADT7载体上构建棉花cDNA文库。VdSCP7是定位于寄主细胞核的大丽轮枝菌效应因子,能激发棉花的免疫反应,增强棉花抗病性。以大丽轮枝菌cDNA为模板扩增VdSCP7,产物纯化后重组到载体pGBKT7上构建诱饵载体pGBKT7-SCP7。诱饵载体经酶切及测序鉴定后,转化到酵母AH109中,鉴定诱饵蛋白毒性并检测诱饵载体是否存在自激活活性。结果表明,获得了库容量为2×10⁶ CFU的棉花cDNA文库,文库片段多样性良好,文库重组率约94%,质粒文库滴度约2.0×10⁹ CFU·mL^-1,满足酵母双杂交cDNA文库构建要求。酶切及测序结果表明,诱饵载体pGBKT7-SCP7构建成功且经过鉴定后无毒性、无自激活活性。本研究结果为棉花抗黄萎病基因的筛选及VdSCP7和棉花互作机制的解析奠定了基础。     

南京长江江豚省级自然保护区鱼类重金属含量与风险评价

为评价长江江豚(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis)保护区内鱼体质量金属富集现状及重金属污染对江豚的潜在影响,2018年6月、9月和12月分别在保护区江段采集了鳊、鳜、(鳖)、鲢和鲫5种鱼类,测定鱼体肌肉中的Pb、Cd、As、Cu和Zn等5种重金属元素的含量,评价保护区鱼类受重金属污染的程度.结果 ...     

宁德市大黄鱼成鱼养殖现状及对策

针对福建省宁德市大黄鱼成鱼的养殖现状,即养殖方式、养殖规模、养殖周期、饵料使用和大黄鱼养殖效益,阐述了宁德市大黄鱼养殖存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策.     

Tenth international congress of plant protection,Brighton, November 1983

Abstract

Field trials were conducted to control rodent pests of wheat crop by improving bait acceptability through taste enhancers (additives). Egg shell, egg yolk, yeast, minced meat, sheep blood and chicken blood were mixed 2% by weight individually in a bait base of broken rice and wheat flour. Brodifacoum and bromadiolone bait with egg shell additive ranked first, and egg yolk second, in preference over other additive poison baits and poison bait without additive. Poison baiting yielded 93.3% and 86.7% reduction in rodent population with brodifacoum and bromadiolone (0.005% each), respectively. Three baitings, at tillering, flowering and maturity stage of the crop, gave 91.0% tiller damage reduction with brodifacoum and 86.0% with bromadiolone as compared to control (untreated). It is concluded that three poison baitings containing egg shell additive should be initiated at tillering stage followed by flowering and maturity of the wheat crop for increased yield.     

应用硫氟磺酰胺毒饵防治红火蚁

应用硫氟磺酰胺毒饵在广西陆川防治25hm^2红火蚁的结果表明，施药后3d蚁巢内即有红火蚁个体死亡。施药后7、14、21d的防治效果分别可达81．5%,93．9％和100%；施药后余下的顽固蚁巢和7d后出现的新蚁巢经再度施药后14d全部死亡；从5月23日到11月25日蚁群全部死亡的5欢监测、调查，既诱捕不到工蚁，也没有发现新蚁巢。因此，硫氟磺酰胺毒饵不仅具有高效、快速、安全、使用方便等特点，而且硫氟磺酰胺的应用完全可以取代目前国外普遍使用的二步施药法中的灌巢法。     

Argentine ant control around homes: efficacy of treatments and urban runoff

ABSTRACT

Pest management professionals in California receive more customer complaints about Argentine ants than for any other urban ant pest. Fipronil, applied as a 30 × 30 cm band around the house foundation, has become the preferred treatment used to control these ants. Unfortunately, fipronil is now showing up in urban waterways at levels that are toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Our recent studies are aimed at mitigating insecticide runoff while still controlling the ant infestations. A high priority is preventing fipronil runoff from the driveway to the street, where it can flow into drains and from there to urban waterways. In this paper, two related studies address these issues. Not treating driveways with fipronil reduced by two to three orders of magnitude its runoff when compared with earlier studies. However, not treating the driveway can reduce efficacy of treatments. Granular bifenthrin, indoxacarb, botanicals, and a thiamethoxam ant bait were tested as supplemental treatments. The gel bait showed the best result as a supplement, but only after 8 weeks. We have reduced fipronil runoff while maintaining efficacy of the ant treatments.     

高效安全型灭鼠毒铒的研究

用人拒食的拒食剂与诱鼠剂等配成了高效安全型灭鼠诱饵,保证了对人的安全性,提高了对鼠的适口性,由此配成的高效安全型灭鼠毒饵,现场盗食丰达90％以上,灭鼠率达85％以上,实验室死亡率达100％,使用十分方便。