海河二道闸和防潮闸优化调度研究

汛期为腾空海河河道并保证二道闸下咸水不致上溯，二道闸闸下水位应控制在1.0m左右。利用一维非恒定流模型对海河自西河闸至入海口河段进行数值模拟，研究了西河闸分流量为80、100、120m3/s3种情况下，海河防潮闸和二道闸优化调度结果。     

砌石拱坝加高倍厚的三维接触仿真

对砌石拱坝的加高倍厚中新、老坝体结构面，用有限元软件ANSYS结合接触理论进行计算，并分析结果得出：温升、水压力和淤沙压力使结合面上的接触压力增大，从而接触摩擦应力较大，有利于结合面的结合，而结合面在温降的作用下有脱离的趋势。     

地表多水门管道畦灌试验研究

多水门管道灌溉是采用多水口管道替代水沟的一种地表灌溉方式。１９９３至１９９５年试验结果表明，多水门管道灌溉和传统水沟灌溉相比，具有节水、节能、改善灌水分布均匀度，提高灌溉质量，缩短灌溉时间和扩大作物种植面积等优点     

Test Analysis of Ecosystem on Functional Groups of Microorganism in Spiral Up- flow Reactor System

The test of functional groups of microorganisms in Spiral Up-flow Reactor System and the correlation between microorganisms in the water and the main environmental factors are studied.The results show that the diversity of microorganisms population in the SUFR system is complex and the bio-community formed in the SUFR system is stable.The close relations between abundance of bacteria and nutrients are found.The correlation between heterotrophic bacteria and COD is 0.949.The correlation between organic phosphate bacteria and TP is 0.815. The correlation between nitrosobacteria and NH_3-N is 0.909. The correlation between disnitrifier bacteria and TN is 0.653.     

河北省玉米产量灰色理论分析与预测

为了解河北省玉米产量变化的规律,明确今后育种工作的目标和前景,利用灰色系统理论的GM（1,1）模型,依据1980-2003年河北省审定的玉米品种的区域试验产量,建立预测模型为：^X（k＋1）^（1）=324 818.583 945e^0.018524-318 652.083 945。并在生产因素保持相对稳定的条件下,据此模型对河北省玉米生产进行规划性预测,为生产的规划与决策提供科学依据。预测结果表明,在挖掘耕地资源和非耕地资源的生产潜力,提高农业资源综合生产能力的情况下,河北省的玉米产量将在2030年有可能达到15 052.6 kg/hm^2。     

施肥对不同品种麦田CO2通量的影响

为探讨施肥对小麦田间CO2释放量的影响,本研究设计以4个不同施肥水平为主处理,以3个不同年代的主栽品种碧玛1号、烟农15号、山农11号为研究对象,采用封闭式静态暗箱技术,应用LI-6400型便携式光合仪(美国)在作物生长期测定土壤CO2释放量和光合速率。同时测定了环境影响因素土壤温度和水分等。研究结果表明,施肥有利于增加土壤CO2释放量,且中氮处理水平释放量最多;土壤温度和水分对土壤CO2释放量有一定的影响,土温越高,水分越大,CO2释放越多;麦田CO2交换量与小麦根系活性呈正相关。     

土地利用动态监测中多源影像融合方法的比较研究--以陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区为例

在陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区,采用单一传感器的遥感影像提取土地利用信息,存在着识别的土地利用类别少、某些类别混分现象较严重、分类结果的精度较低等问题。以TM多光谱数据和SPOT全色光谱数据的融合为例,提出了适宜于该地区的两种影像融合方法:主成分变换法和乘积运算法,并从影像的光谱质量、纹理信息和目视效果等方面对其进行了对比与评价。结果显示,主成分变换法为较理想的融合方法。以陕北无定河流域为实验样区的土地利用自动分类结果表明,该方法的应用使土地利用各类别的提取精度都有不同程度的提高;水体、水田和城镇用地等面积较小的类别分类正确率提高达到10%以上;坡耕地与林草地的混分明显减少,分类精度均提高了5%以上;分类总精度从82.0%提高到89.2%,取得了良好的分类效果。此研究对于遥感影像融合技术的评价与应用进行了有益的探索,同时为该地区的土地利用动态监测提供了关键技术。     

Effect of Timing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.). I. Growth Dynamics and Seed Yield

The field experiments conducted on the grey‐brown podzolic soil in the four growing seasons (1998–2001) at Krzeslice Farm, central‐western Poland comprised seven fertilization variants: 80_NF + 80_CAN; 80_CAN + 80_CAN; 80_AN + 80_AN; 80_NF + 50_CAN + 30_CN; 80_CAN + 50_CAN +30_CN; 80_AN + 50_AN + 30_CN (where NF – nitrofos NPK; CAN – calcium‐ammonium nitrate; AN – ammonium nitrate; CN – calcium nitrate) and control (without N) applied in split rates at the beginning of spring regrowth (80 kg N ha^?1), stem elongation (80 or 50) and flower buds visible stages (30). The yielding effect of tested fertilization variants was significant in comparison with the control (2.24 t ha^?1). The highest mean seed yield (3.64 t ha^?1) was collected from 80_AN + 80_AN and 80_CAN + 80_CAN variants. Mean values of 4 years indicate that the second N rate division (80 + 50 + 30) decreased yield, although not significantly in comparison with these two N treatments. Plants grown on these treatments have developed different patterns of growth to yield the seeds. These patterns were characterized by very high crop growth rate during flowering (above 21 g m^?2 day^?1) and negative at maturation (down to ?2.5 g m^?2 day^?1). Plants fertilized with ammonium nitrate (80_AN + 80_AN) reached maximum growth rate earlier (65 days), which lasted longer (20 days) than plants fertilized with calcium‐ammonium nitrate (71 days lasting 17.5 days). Plants grown on the control treatment reached the highest crop growth rate within 79 days (14.8 g m^?2 day^?1), which lasted 15 days.     

河北土壤铜的含量和分布

河北省土壤铜含量丰富.全铜平均25.4ppm,高于全国、世界平均含量.有效铜(DTPA—C_u)平均1.17ppm,<0.5ppm低铜土壤只占耕地总面积的6%.高铜土壤多分布在城镇郊区、洼淀和矿区土壤上.铜在剖面中以淋溶为主,表层富集过程非常微弱.土壤铜含量决定于母质类型.在成土过程中其数量变迁与土壤机械组成、土壤有机质、土壤碳酸钙、土壤PH等有关.     

干旱区小麦多功能高分子植物生长调节剂增产和品质改善试验研究

以观测记录和拍照方式研究多功能高分子植物生长调节剂对小麦生长和繁殖、品质的影响,分别用土壤含水量为试剂保水指标,小麦生长、结实和产量指标、小麦品质指标以及经济效益指标与对照比较以评定试验效果。结果显示,施用试剂能够提高土壤保水率,有利于小麦的营养和结实生长,使小麦产量提高12.30%。小麦粗蛋白、赖氨酸和湿面筋含量均有显著提升,不利于人体健康的灰分和粗脂肪含量显著降低;经济效益有所提高,仅仅考虑增产就净增产值734.25￣794.85元/hm2。