中国有机茶生产技术的研究和应用

系统的介绍了有机茶的概念、意义、发展过程及有机茶生产技术的研究概况。     

打造现代规模化粮食产业示范基地的技术对策研究

建设大型现代粮食示范基地是促进粮食产业和确保粮食安全的重要举措,本文旨为全国新增500亿kg粮食生产能力建设提供借鉴和参考。采用文献调查与实地调查、定性与定量相结合的方法,在分析了四川粮食生产存在的主要问题的基础上,提出科技支撑现代粮食产业示范基地建设的技术对策。稻麦两熟是四川粮食生产最主要形式,在稻麦两熟区建立现代粮食示范基地具有重要意义。其主要技术对策是开展稻麦专用新品种引进筛选,稻麦丰产高效生产技术、稻田周年高效种植模式、粮食规模化干燥与加工技术集成与示范以及新型科技成果转化服务机制探索等。最后,分析了科技支撑基地建设的经济效益、社会效益、生态效益和产业化前景。农业科技在现代粮食产业示范基地中大有作为,并要突出规范化、集约化、标准化和产业化。     

农业上市公司周内效应实证研究

运用广义误差分布的GARCH（1,1）模型,基于“牛市”和“熊市”行情,实证分析农业上市公司周内效应。主要结论有：农业上市公司日收益率存在周一效应和周五效应。 “牛市”中显著为正,“熊市”中显著为负。最后提出政策建议。     

The tyranny of taste: the case of organic rice in Cambodia

Fair-trade and organic products are often sold at price premiums justified by smaller production volumes that are associated with greater social and environmental responsibility. The consumption of these products confers on the consumer a greater sense of morality – and usually a claim to better taste. This paper tells the story of attempts to promote organic/fair-trade rice production by de facto organic Cambodian farmers for export to North American and European markets in order to assist poor farmers to trade their way out of poverty. It demonstrates that instead of promoting sustainable agriculture and fair trade between developed and developing markets, organic/fair-trade projects may impose First World consumer ideals and tastes that are out of step with the larger realities of agrarian transition in Cambodia and the wider region of developing Southeast Asia.     

浅谈职业农民的培养

发展现代农业必须培养职业农民。文章简述了规模化农业生产经营、发展现代农业和促进农村劳动力充分就业,需要大力培育职业农民;分析了在国家强农惠农富农政策力度不断加大、WTO绿箱政策允许、阳光工程全面转型以及从事务农收入逐步提高,使职业农民培养成为可能,强调指出在职业农民培养中只有找准培养对象、培养方式科学、培养内容有针对性、培养形式灵活多样、采用先进的培养手段,并且要切实提高认识,正确处理好培养数量和质量、培养与使用的关系,同时要营造良好的社会氛围,才能加快培养数以千万计的职业农民。     

干旱区村域种植业生产效益影响因素研究——以新疆奇台县三屯村为例

为了对干旱区村域种植业生产效益影响因素进行研究,以旱地区生态脆弱的奇台县西北湾乡三屯村为例,通过实地调查和入户问卷调研与访谈获取研究数据,利用回归分析方法,分析种植业成本构成及关键成本、成本与土地种植面积对种植业收益的影响、作物种植类型对种植业收益的影响。结果表明：打井成本和作物种植成本是影响农户种植业生产总成本的重要因素;种植业生产属于资本密集型,地租、作物种植成本和打井费用是影响种植业收益的主要因素;种植业属于粗放的土地资源依赖型,承包土地面积扩张是影响农民种植业收益的主要方式;小麦种植是农户的种植业的主要收益来源。     

北京发展总部农业的必要性及可行性分析

近年来,“总部农业”发展战略在全国一些农业发展面临土地及资源匮乏制肘的城市地区悄然兴起,“总部农业”的积极实施,拓宽了农业基础产业,拓展了农业发展空间,给土地资源匮乏的城市地区农业带来积极影响。本文通过对北京农业发展目标、制约条件、既有的城市资源和总部农业产业条件分析,阐明了北京发展总部农业的必要性及可行性,并对北京总部农业的重点发展领域提出了建议。     

巴州区农业科技推广体系的调查与研究

分析巴州区农业科技推广呈现推广机构多元化、推广方式多样化、推广载体多类化、服务形式多种化的基本特点,农业科技推广采取理顺管理体制、加强设施建设、强化岗位管理、加大投入力度、提高队伍素质的主要措施,存在农技推广经费不充足、农技人员结构不合理、服务对象覆盖不全面、社会推广组织不规范、绩效考核机制不健全的问题,提出了抓好两个宣讲、注重两个培育、理顺两个体制、加大两个力度、强化两个重点的对策办法.     

生物炭之低碳农业初探

农业生产过程与全球气候变化息息相关,如何减少农业温室气体排放,并探寻土壤固炭方法已经成为当前农业与环境研究中的热点。全文旨在摸索一条由生物质碳化技术为基础的低碳农业发展的可能途径。从低碳这一热点问题出发,本文对低碳农业的定义、特征、途径进行了基本阐述,同时论述了生物炭的基本特征,及生物炭在应用上的农学和环境学价值,并重点讨论了如何利用生物炭发展以低能耗、低排放、低污染为特征的低碳农业的可能模式,最后指出了当前生物炭在低碳农业研究和利用方面所面临的问题和挑战。     

Durum wheat varieties in N‐deficient environments and organic farming: a comparison of yield,quality and stability performances

Stability and reliability of yield and quality for 15 durum wheat genotypes (old and modern) were evaluated in a 5‐year experiment (southern Italy) in organic farming. Genotypes were grown at two N levels (0 and 80 kg/ha), with the aim of evaluating ‘genotype × environment’ (GE) interactions and their role on genotype selection in N‐limited environments. Several approaches to stability were used, within the frame of mixed models and additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis, and their validity in stressful conditions and organic farming was discussed. Especially for protein and gluten content, results indicate high environmental variability and the presence of crossover ‘N × environment’ interactions, which supports the need for specific breeding programmes in N‐deficient environments. The average response was strongly affected by N availability (on average, yield was 2.95 and 3.42 t/ha, protein content was 11.6% and 12.85%, gluten content was 8.55% and 9.92%, respectively, at 0 and 80 kg N/ha), and few genotypes gave high yield and quality at both fertilization levels. Only ‘Gargano’ and ‘Fortore’ showed a good inter‐year stability at both N levels. The old cultivars gave minimal responsiveness to increased N input, but gave good results in limiting conditions, indicating that they may play a role in organic farming.