平欧杂种榛“达维”与“辽榛9号”在宿州市 栽培表现及技术要点分析

摘要：榛子属于四大坚果之一，营养价值极高，能够带来丰厚的经济效益和社会效益。平欧杂种榛为平榛、欧洲榛杂交产物，既具有平榛果仁风味香、适应性强的特点，也具备欧洲榛出仁率高、大果的优势，在种植中显示出突出优势。本文重点分析平欧杂种榛“达维”与“辽榛9号”在宿州市的栽培表现，探究技术要点及效益前景，以期为榛子产业稳定健康发展提供资料参考。     

玉米单倍体自然加倍双轮回育种体系的探索

依据相关理论和育种实践提出，在单倍体规模化育种技术基础上，应用单倍体轮选遗传修复原理，纳入主体杂优模式双向轮回选择育种理念，构建“单倍体自然加倍双轮回育种技术体系”。通过对主体杂优模式的双向DH轮回循环选择改良，逐步累加农艺性状相关有益基因频率，快速聚合雄穗自然加倍基因，保持2个群体的遗传距离与配合力，逐步形成两个相互对应的单倍体高自然加倍商业化核心种质群，步入简单、快捷、高效的“单倍体自然加倍双轮回育种技术体系”。该体系经全面运行实施，验证了缩短育种年限、简化操作流程、节约选系成本、提高育种效率的效果。     

国家技术标准创新基地建设模式剖析及启示——以陕西杨凌示范区旱区农业技术标准创新基地建设为例

陕西杨凌在国家技术标准创新基地（旱区农业）建设过程中，对旱区农业科技成果转化标准化、旱区农业技术标准创新产学研用一体化推进、技术标准创新与“国家使命”紧密结合的支撑服务模式进行了探索，为服务旱区农业标准化工作推进至全国标准化示范区建设提供了可借鉴的模式。剖析不同建设模式的内涵、目标、机制与途径，认为在国家技术标准创新基地建设中，要综合分析创新成果推广应用的必备因素，凝聚农业标准化生产环节的各方力量，完善旱区农业技术标准创新的推进机制，拓宽技术标准创新基地的资金保障渠道，推进农业技术标准与国际交流合作推广等，方可有效实现国家技术标准创新基地建设任务和目标。     

Land use choices in a changing world

The primary factors which are likely to mould future non-urban land use patterns in Australia are identified. Over the past three decades the rate of increase in land productivity in Australia has been higher than for any other OECD country. Land degradation does not appear to have seriously threatened agricultural output over the last 45 years. However, there is cause for concern that land degradation, attributable to past activities, may only now be exerting a significant impact on productivity in some regions. Many of the services provided by natural resources have been underpriced; consequently, there has been a bias in agricultural research towards technologies that enhance on-site productivity, but which impose excessive external social costs. Underpricing of native trees from state-owned and managed forests appears to have caused excessive exploitation of these forests and lowered the establishment of softwood and hardwood plantations. Many important land use and land cover issues remain unresolved in Australia's rangelands, including questions relating to the optimum grazing pressures, the role of fires in the suppression of unpalatable shrubs and appropriate management strategies for controlling numbers of large kangaroos and rabbits and protecting the natural habitat of threatened species of native animals. The riparian zone, which acts as a crucial buffer between rivers and their catchments, has been one of the most neglected environments in Australia, possibly because river banks, floodplains and wetlands do not fit neatly into the category of land or water. It is widely accepted that the aboriginal peoples must be involved in seeking to achieve the sustainable use of our natural resources. How to achieve the appropriate participation and involvement of aboriginal peoples is a problem that is yet to be fully resolved. In many respects, renewable natural resource systems in Australia are unique. Knowledge creation and application will be a most important resource for the future management of our agricultural forestry and natural resource systems. The solutions to many of the major renewable resource problems do not depend on technology alone. Institutional changes and incentive structures are required that recognize and take account of the pervasive and complex interrelationships between human reactions and responses in their production and consumption activities and the environment.     

胡麻漏油虫综合防控技术规程

胡麻漏油虫是危害胡麻的常发性害虫，科学防控可确保胡麻产量和品质。基于近年国家特色油料产业技术体系取得的胡麻漏油虫综合防控技术研究最新成果，凝练制定出胡麻漏油虫综合防控技术规程，内容包括范围、规范性引用文件、术语、定义以及胡麻播种期、枞形期和盛花期3个阶段的综合防控措施。     

江苏省农业绿色化转型的驱动性要素分析

驱动性要素是农业绿色化转型政策的实施载体。以生产资料投入、现代生产方式、环境友好和绿色经济效益为维度，设计17个二级指标构建江苏省农业绿色化转型评价体系。测量指标采取耦合方法得到相应的维度变量值。回归计算结果表明：生产资料投入、现代生产方式和环境友好对农业绿色经济效益的标准化回归系数依次为0.959、0.803和0396，对绿色经济效益的驱动效应依次下降。使用农村人均可支配收入和农村人均居住面积作为替代变量，计算结果证实生产资料投入、现代生产方式和环境友好对绿色经济效益的驱动效应是稳健的。因此，应坚持从农业化肥、农药的减量化行动入手，细化农业现代化生产方式的具体举措等，推进江苏省农业绿色化深度发展与转型。     

技术性贸易措施对中国新疆出口农产品的影响分析

近年来,由于技术性贸易措施具有灵活性和隐蔽性的特点,进口国开始通过使用技术性贸易措施对进口产品执行严格标准,导致技术性贸易措施已成为仅次于汇率、关税的第三大贸易障碍,影响中国产品出口,而中国新疆农产品由于出口市场较集中,经济技术发展程度不高,更容易受到其负面影响,使出口企业蒙受损失,中国新疆农产品贸易受阻。本文基于中国新疆农产品出口贸易现状,对中国新疆出口农产品遭遇技术性贸易措施情况和制约原因进行分析,由此针对中国新疆出口农产品提出有效对策建议。