The aquatic fate of triclopyr in whole-pond treatments

The aquatic fate of the triethylamine salt formulation of triclopyr (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyloxyacetic acid) was determined in whole-pond applications in closed (no water exchange) systems in California, Missouri and Texas in two studies conducted in 1995 and 1996. These studies determined dissipation rates of triclopyr and its principal metabolites, 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol (TCP) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-methoxypridine (TMP) in water, sediment and finfish. Ponds at each site containing a healthy biological community were treated at 2.5 mg AE litre-1 triclopyr. Water and sediment samples were collected through 12 weeks post-treatment, and non-target animals were collected through 4 weeks post-treatment. Dissipation rates for triclopyr, TCP and TMP were similar at each of the study sites, despite differences in weather, water quality, biotic community, light transmission and geographic location. Half-lives of triclopyr in water ranged from 5.9 to 7.5 days, while those of TCP and TMP ranged from 4 to 8.8 and 4 to 10 days, respectively. Levels of triclopyr and TCP declined in sediments at half-lives ranging from 2.8 to 4.6 days and 3.8 to 13.3 days, respectively. No TMP was detected in sediment. Triclopyr and TCP cleared from fish in relation to concentrations found in the water column. TMP levels in fish were generally an order of magnitude higher than levels of triclopyr and TCP, particularly in the visceral portion of the animals. No adverse effects on water quality or on the non-target biotic community were found following triclopyr applications. Results of these studies were comparable to those of triclopyr dissipation studies conducted in reservoirs, lakes and riverine systems in Georgia, Florida, Minnesota and Washington, indicating that the degradation and dissipation of triclopyr and its metabolites are similar in representative systems throughout the USA.     

TCP/IP在卫星通信系统中的应用研究

简要介绍了国际互联网的发展趋势及其在农业卫星指挥调度系统中的应用,分析了TCP/IP的特点,论述了卫星通信系统信道传输中效率较低的原因,提出了在网络层和链路层的解决方案。     

基于Web的CAI系统的设计与实现

传统的CAI系统是在单机上将全部教学内容和测试内容置于课件中，而基于Web的CAI系统则能使学生通过互联网在任何地方均可进行课件的学习和测试。BnWeb层技术尤其是ASP(ActiveSer．verPage)技术的发展，为远程交互式CAI系统提供了方便。在TCP／IP协议下利用有效的网络资源，运用ADO和动态Web数据库连接的基本原理来设计并实现CAI系统。系统包括智能组卷、自动评分等功能，并且介绍了一种智能组卷的算法。     

基于Wi—Fi的自动灌溉控制器设计与实现

针对传统的灌溉控制器布线多、施工难,且采用RS485与计算机通信时距离受限等问题,设计和实现了一个基于wi—Fi的自动灌溉控制器,能在远程计算机上以Web网页的方式实时控制灌溉、显示监测信息。该控制器可同时测量8路模拟量、3路数字量,并可以控制7路交流电磁阀。该灌溉控制器具有友好的监测操作界面,并且实现了广泛的信息共享。因此,在农业领域具有广阔的应用前景。     

基于IFIX上位机电排站监控系统的设计与实现

针对目前我国电排站综合自动化与监控系统落后的现状,利用IFIX3．5上位机为平台,并结合西门子S7300PLC,构建电排站监控系统的监控结构。通过对监控系统上位机与下位机的通讯设计,并对PLC通讯组态参数及IFIX上位机通讯参数进行配置,采用MODBUS TCP通讯协议和基于客户端——服务器的数据交换。完成上位机数据库和组态监控画面的设计。为电排站的网络管理和信息集中提供了可行的方案,实现了对整个电排站的实时监控,保证了监控系统较高的可靠性与数据通信的实时性。     

Analysis and verification of TCP goodput of poisson distribution station over WLANs

By analyzing the throughput model of IEEE 802.11 MAC DCF put forward by Bianchi G, the retransmitting limit is extended and the state of direct transmission with no backing off is added in its discrete Markov chains to refine and perfect the classic model. The following assumption is proposed: the number of wireless stations accessing to AP in BSS met poisson distribution within a certain period of time. Under this assumption, both of the corresponding model and the quantified expression of calculating its goodput are provided. The rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model are verified with emulation of unidirectional TCP flow from AP to wireless stations.     

定制家居柔性化生产线控制系统信息交互模型

探讨板式定制家居柔性化生产线控制系统数据信息交互方法,以期为解决中小企业由于生产线中各工段所用控制系统的类型不同、总线不同而导致数据信息前后传递不畅、动作不协调的问题提供科学依据。分析定制家居柔性化生产线组成和工艺流程,建立控制系统模型;提出基于Modbus TCP/IP协议和类对象的思想构建数据信息交互模型,抽象出5个公共类：伺服电机类、变频电机类、加工工件类、指令输入类、状态输出类和7个私有类：龙门分拣机器人类、RGV运料小车类、开料裁板锯类、立体缓存机器人类、U型封边线类、打孔机器人类、终点缓存区类;为每个工段主机分配Modbus寄存器的起始、终止地址和数据缓冲区长度从而将数据交互方法实例化。研究结果表明所建数据信息交互模型可实现生产线不同工段间的信息流转和几种主流PLC之间的数据交互,达到5Hz的数据采样与交互频率且正确率达到了100%;易于实现扩展和移植,满足板式定制家居柔性化生产线的工艺需求,为板式定制家居柔性化生产线提供数据交互范式和接口技术。     

海岛棉转录因子基因GbTCP27的克隆及表达特性分析

为探究转录因子GbTCP27在棉花纤维发育中的作用,使用RT-PCR技术从海岛棉‘新海21号’中克隆GbTCP27,并对其进行生物信息学和表达特性分析。结果表明,该基因有1个1 017 bp的开放阅读框,编码338个氨基酸,预测分子量约为35.37 ku,等电点为9.08,分子式为C_(1549)H_(2511)N_(439)O_(483)S_(11),序列中含有一个高度保守的TCP结构域;氨基酸序列对比表明,海岛棉GbTCP27基因在进化过程中是相当保守的,蛋白序列与其他植物中的TCP蛋白序列有较高的一致性;亚细胞定位结果显示,GbTCP27属于核定位基因,推测GbTCP27可能在复制和转录的过程中发挥作用;进化树分析表明,海岛棉GbTCP27基因与亚洲棉GaTCP9基因分布在同一分支上;实时荧光定量PCR表明,GbTCP27基因在开花当天的花瓣和开花当天的胚珠中表达量最高;综上所述,GbTCP27转录因子可能参与棉花纤维起始期胚珠表皮细胞的发育。     

红壤性水稻田土壤-水-植物系统中毒死蜱的迁移转化和分布特征

为了探究毒死蜱在红壤性水稻田土壤、水、植物系统中的迁移转化和分布特征,通过室内批量平衡吸附实验、野外喷施试验与动态观测,研究了持续淹水和间歇淹水条件下红壤性水稻土-水-水稻系统中毒死蜱的迁移转化和分布特征。结果表明：毒死蜱在呈酸性的红壤性水稻土中易于淋失迁移至深层土壤（可达50 cm）;白昼的高温导致表层土壤孔隙水中毒死蜱及其主要降解产物3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶醇（TCP）的浓度显著上升,而降雨事件促进两者向深层土壤迁移;水稻收获时土壤中毒死蜱残留量较高,且其剖面分布较为均匀;间歇淹水处理可使收获时水稻籽粒和茎秆中的毒死蜱残留量降低为持续淹水处理水稻相应部位的0.69倍和0.84倍。研究显示,红壤性水稻土壤中毒死蜱的淋溶作用较强,不同的灌溉方式对收获期水稻中毒死蜱的含量有显著影响。