我国城市卫生害虫生物防治实验研究现状

本文综述了我国城市重要卫生害虫如蚊、蝇、蜚蠊等的生物防治实验研究现状。蚊虫成虫期的生物防治主要为自然界中的捕食者如两栖类、爬行类和哺乳类等动物。幼虫期除了水生动物外，苏云金杆菌Ｂ．ｔ．Ｈ－１４和球形芽孢杆菌以及大链壶菌，已在实验室或现场试验证明，对多种蚊幼虫均有毒杀效果。防治蝇类的寄生蜂主要有蝇蛹俑小蜂和丽蝇蛹集金小蜂。斯氏线虫亦可寄生于大头金蝇幼虫。在蜚蠊死亡若虫中已分离出无芽孢杆菌和有芽孢杆菌     

Differences in the progress of the biopesticide revolution between the EU and other major crop‐growing regions

The five‐year value in the compound annual growth rate of the biopesticides sector is predicted to be 16% by 2017 and to produce a global market worth $US 10 billion. Despite this, several impediments occur within the EU that negatively affect biopesticide research and innovation. At present, there are fewer biopesticide‐active substances registered in the EU compared with the United States, India, Brazil and China. The relatively low level of biopesticide research in the EU (6880 ISI papers) versus the United States (18 839), India (9501) and China (7875) relates to the greater complexity of EU‐based biopesticide regulations compared with these other countries. In this light, it is worth noting that tensions may exist between regulators that emphasise the beneficial nature of biopesticides in environmentally friendly crop management and those that adopt a more technologically based approach dependent on a chemical‐pesticide‐driven model. Compared with the other aforementioned countries, far fewer biopesticide products are available in the EU market, mainly as a direct result of the severe regulatory factors present there. The extent to which this trend will continue depends largely on a range of interacting political and/or regulatory decisions that influence environmentally friendly agricultural industries. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

果蔬籽油生物活性研究进展

果蔬籽油是由果蔬籽经压榨或萃取工艺制得的植物油脂。果蔬籽油含有丰富的维生素、多不饱和脂肪酸、有机酸等活性成分,这些成分赋予了果蔬籽油抗氧化、抗癌、调节血脂和调节免疫系统等生物活性。本文综述了果蔬籽油生物活性的研究进展,旨在为果蔬籽油的综合开发和利用提供理论依据和指导。     

我国无籽西瓜产业发展状况与对策

对全国无籽西瓜科研与生产协作组调研与多年的实地考察,全面论述了我国无籽西瓜产业发展现状、产业布局特点及科研取得的成就,着重剖析了我国无籽西瓜产业在发展中的成绩和问题,并对我国未来无籽西瓜产业的发展和科研生产协作提出了具体建议。     

我国花椰菜种业发展现状、市场需求及研究热点综述

综述了我国花椰菜产业情况及主栽品种区域分布现状,结合市场需求,指出如今研究的热点品类,如松花菜、西兰花及其各种类型用途的品种,最后总结出花椰菜种业存在的基本问题,如种质资源缺失,多抗品种短缺,加工型品种缺乏,种子生产技术落后、产量低、制种成本高等。     

社区林业与天然林保护社区的可持续发展

本文探讨了我国天保社区的基本特征,阐述了社区林业的特点,分析了天保工程实施中存在的问题,提出了采用社区林业方法实施天保工程的几点建议,指出了社区林业是天保社区可持续发展的有效途径。     

近30年宝鸡市城市化水平与城市生态安全的定量关系研究

首先运用综合评价法对宝鸡市近30年的城市化水平进行了测度,然后运用生态安全综合指数法对宝鸡市城市生态安全进行了定量评价,最后对两者进行了相关分析和多元回归分析。结果表明:最能体现城市化发展水平的"城市现代化水平"因子与城市生态安全之间存在着极强的正相关关系,城市现代化水平的发展是城市生态环境变好的主要影响因子。结合宝鸡市生态环境仍处于不安全状态、存在诸多问题的现状,提出了协调"加快城市化进程"和"良化城市生态环境"之间关系的三点建议。     

金如意黄山楂丰产管理技术研究

Objective To explore and seek the best solution for the suitable high-yield tree shape and planting mode, fertilizer selection, chemical selection and other technologies of Jin Ruyi yellow hawthorn, in order to fully demonstrate the early maturity of Jin Ruyi yellow hawthorn, golden peel, fragrant and sweet flesh, and good fresh food. The advantages of new varieties such as export, Yifengyin, etc., and at the same time obtain the best yield per unit area. Method to carry out high-yield cultivation technology research through different tree shape comparison experiments, planting mode comparison experiments, fertilizer comparison experiments, and chemical comparison experiment analysis. Completion it was concluded that the trunk-shaped high-light-efficiency tree shape was adopted, supplemented by ridge cultivation, determined planting density of 2m×4m, water-saving drip irrigation, application of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, improved fruit setting rate, and green control of pests and other measures to optimize the configuration technology. The plan can realize the early high yield of Jinruyi yellow hawthorn with high quality and stable yield year after year.     

设施蔬菜土传病害的综合调控及防治进展

简述了设施蔬菜土传病害日益严重的原因。在防治上可综合运用抗病品种、轮作倒茬、增施有机肥、栽培防病、土壤消毒等农业措施,结合生物防治或高效低毒杀菌剂进行综合调控。利用电处理技术是防治土传病害的一种新思路,并对生物土壤添加剂防病的前景进行了展望。     

广西城市道路绿化

通过对广西大部分城市行道树树种应用具有的优势以及存在的不足进行分析,从广西环境特征、行道树树种的特性等入手提出影响城市绿化树种选择的因素,并根据广西的具体情况针对性的提出城市道路绿化的可持续发展途径。