2013年夏季驻马店市一次强对流天气过程分析

利用天气图分析方法,通过MICAPS、自动站资料和多普勒雷达资料,对2013年8月1日驻马店的强天气过程进行分析。结果表明：该次强降水过程是在低槽东移、副高边缘的形势下,由中低层切变线、低空急流、地面横切、地面风场切变共同作用影响。强对流天气发生时段低层水汽辐合跃增,配合,在强对流区上空建立深厚的湿层。过程前期处在副高边缘,这为强降水的发生积聚了大量不稳定的能量。同时大的CAPE值和 K指数,也体现出较强的不稳定性。     

福建南靖虎伯寮亚热带雨林竹类植物热值的研究

在春季对福建省靖县虎伯寮亚热带雨林的竹类植物叶的灰分含量,干重热值和灰分热值进行了研究。结果表明：①竹类值物叶的灰分含量大小不同,在８．０３％～２０．３９％之间,灰分含量高。②竹类植物叶的干重热值在１６２２７．１～１９８８２．５Ｊ／ｇ之间,去灰分热值在１９２５７．７～２２０７１．２Ｊ／ｇ之间。③竹类植物叶的干重热值和灰分含量有极显著的线性相关,相关方程为Ｙ＝－２１０．１９Ｘ＋２０７９２,ｒ＝０．７     

利用贵州亚热带野生经济植物建设农业科技园区

贵州亚热带地区野生经济植物种质资源极为丰富。利用这些野生植物资源建立农业科技园区有其重要价值。选用野生果树、野生药用植物、野生观赏植物、野生蔬菜、野生香料和野生淀粉植物进行农业科技园区建设,走产学研综合之路,对促进科技进步,从而推进贵州亚热带地区农业现代化进程。     

提升福建南亚热区优势农产品竞争力的思考

阐述了提升福建热区优势农产品竞争力的必要性,提出必须抓好优化区域布局,确保质量安全,加强科技创新,扩大产品流通等环节的观点和当前工作重点。     

Glomalin-related soil protein responses to elevated CO2 and nitrogen addition in a subtropical forest: Potential consequences for soil carbon accumulation

According to the economy theory, plants should preferentially allocate photosynthate to acquire below-ground resources under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (eCO₂) but decrease below-ground C allocation when nitrogen (N) is sufficient for plant growth. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) represent a critical mechanism of below-ground nutrient acquisition for plants. The dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) could therefore reflect the response of plant C allocation under eCO₂ and N addition. We examined the responses of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) to eCO₂ (approximately 700 μmol mol⁻¹ CO₂) and/or N addition (100 kg N ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ as NH₄NO₃) in a modeled subtropical forest to better understand its potential influence on soil C storage. We hypothesized that GRSP would increase under eCO₂ and decrease under N addition. Furthermore, the positive effects of eCO₂ on GRSP would be offset by extra N addition, and GRSP would remain unchanged under combined eCO₂ and N addition. Our results showed that the mean concentrations of easily extractable GRSP (EE-GRSP) and total GRSP (T-GRSP) were 0.35 ± 0.05 and 0.72 ± 0.13 mg C cm⁻³, respectively, which accounted for 2.76 ± 0.53% and 5.67 ± 0.92% of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the 0–10 cm soil layer. Elevated CO₂ significantly increased T-GRSP by 35.02% but decreased EE-GRSP by 5.09% in the top 10 cm soil layer. The opposite responses of T-GRSP and EE-GRSP to eCO₂ might result from an unchanged photosynthate investment to AMF with possible changes in their decomposition rates. The effect of N on GRSP was contrary to our hypothesis, i.e., there was a 1.72%–48.49% increase in T-GRSP and a slightly increase in EE-GRSP. Both EE-GRSP and T-GRSP concentrations increased under the combination of eCO₂ and N addition, which was inconsistent with our hypothesis. The significant increase of EE-GRSP under the combination of eCO₂ and N addition was partly caused by more rapid plant growth and reduced microbial diversity, and the marginal increase of T-GRSP indicated that the interaction between eCO₂ and N addition offset their independent effects. In addition, the relatively higher accumulation ratios of GRSP (22.6 ± 13.6%) compared with SOC (15.9 ± 9.4%) indicated that more rapid GRSP deposition in the soil might accelerate SOC accumulation under eCO₂ and N addition. Our results will improve the understanding of the functioning of GRSP in soil C sequestration under global environmental change scenarios.     

CIMMYT亚热带玉米种质的引进试验

通过多重复的随机区组试验,探讨从国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)引进的13个亚热带玉米优良种质在本区的适应性,结果表明,试验处理间的差异达到极显著水平;引进的玉米杂交种CML78×CML264和CML312×CML315的子粒产量分别为5895.97kg/hm²和6240.47kg/hm²,分别比我省常规栽培玉米杂交种掖单13增产67.22%和76.99%,差异达到5%显著水平。     

Distribution, abundance and biological interactions of the cutlassfish Trichiurus lepturus in the southern Brazil subtropical convergence ecosystem

The distribution, abundance and biological interactions of the cutlassfish Trichiurus lepturus in the southern Brazil subtropical convergence ecosystem were studied from demersal trawl surveys conducted along the continental shelf and upper slope from Cape Santa Marta Grande (28 °36′S) to Chui (34 °45′S) between 1981 and 1987. Trichiurus lepturus was more abundant at bottom water temperatures of over 16 °C and in the 40–120 m depth range. From late spring to fall, juveniles of 5–30 cm total length (TL) were found in coastal waters, subadults (TL 30–70 cm) mainly in inner shelf waters and adults (TL > 70 cm) in coastal, inner and outer shelf waters. Higher catches of subadults and adults were found associated with thermal fronts in the western boundary of the Subtropical Convergence or with a shelf break upwelling observed in summer. The standing stock in a 58 000 km² shelf area estimated by the swept area method, ranged from 3066 t (±46% CI) in September 1981 to 37814 t (±22% CI) in January 1982. Correlation between occurrences of different size groups of cutlassfishes and other fishes caught in 250 bottom trawl hauls was analyzed. A positive correlation between cutlassfish and juvenile weakfish, Cynoscion guatucupa, was associated with similar spatial distribution but also indicated trophic competition.     

Walking in STEP: Lessons for linking spatial prioritisations to implementation strategies

Spatial prioritisations are increasingly being undertaken to allocate the investment of limited conservation resources. These techniques are highly effective at identifying where important areas for conservation are located, but of limited use for deciding how implementation of conservation action should be undertaken. Conservation planning should be a collaborative social process, and necessitates that spatial prioritisations be complemented with an implementation strategy. We undertook a conservation planning initiative in the Subtropical Thicket biome in South Africa, complementing a spatial prioritisation with an implementation strategy. Believing strongly in the importance of developing a ‘safe-fail’ culture in conservation, we detail our activities and document our successes and failures. We synthesize lessons from our experience of collaboratively developing an implementation strategy with stakeholders, so as to ensure it effectively complements a spatial prioritisation.     

提升福建南亚热区优势农产品竞争力的思考

阐述了提升福建热区优势农产品竞争力的必要性,提出必须抓好优化区域布局,确保质量安全,加强科技创新,扩大产品流通等环节的观点和当前工作重点。