发酵床养猪垫料中病原防控的研究

为了有效防控发酵床垫料中霉菌、寄生虫、大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌等的生长,选取了几十种中药及化学制剂进行了体外抑菌试验。结果表明,所有化学药物对垫料中一种或几种有益菌有不同程度的抑制效果;蒲公英、鱼腥草、茵陈、秦皮、大青叶、淫羊藿、青蒿、穿心莲、龙葵、博落回、地锦草对垫料中有益菌无抑制作用,对大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌有一定的抑制效果;丙酸钙对有益菌无抑制作用,对霉菌有明显的抑制效果;贯众与土荆皮对有益菌无抑制作用,可作为垫料中的驱虫药。     

Yield and morphological responses of a forage sorghum to mefluidide

Abstract

Due to rapid growth, stem build‐up in forage sorghum crops often leads to considerable wastage by animals and consequent loss of production. In this study the potential of the chemical plant growth regulator, mefluidide, for modifying the morphology of forage sorghum was examined. Mefluidide was applied to two consecutive plantings of forage sorghum at 0; 0,14 and 0,28 kg/ha. Treatment with mefluidide suppressed stem elongation of sorghum plants and stimulated tillering 4–6 weeks after application. After 6 weeks the stem:leaf ratio of treated plants was significantly lower (P ≤0,05) than that of control plants. On average, total dry matter (DM) yield was marginally higher for the control, but DM yield of leaf material was significantly higher. (P ≤0,05) for treated plots from 6 weeks after mefluidide application. No significant differences were observed between levels of mefluidide but responses of different variables over time differed between plantings. This was associated with different stages of plant growth when mefluidide was applied and different environmental conditions for two plantings.     

喷雾干燥法浓缩乳清蛋白的工艺参数研究

干酪副产物乳清进行超滤浓缩,将浓缩液喷雾干燥制备成浓缩乳清蛋白,通过对喷雾干燥的进口温度、料液温度、入料流量3个因素进行单因素和正交试验分析,确定了对浓缩液喷雾干燥的最佳工艺参数为：进口温度为140℃,料液温度为30℃,入料流量7%,制得的浓缩乳清蛋白与市售产品进行加热,利用激光粒径分析仪测定产品的粒径分布对比热稳定性,试验制得的浓缩乳清蛋白溶解性、分散性俱佳。     

鹿茸化学成分与药理作用研究进展

对鹿茸的化学成分(氨基酸、脂肪酸、脂类、多肽类、多糖类、多胺类和无机元素)及药理作用(神经系统、生殖系统、免疫系统、心血管系统等)两方面进行综述,以便对鹿茸的进一步开发和利用。     

浅析食品防腐剂

对食品防腐剂分类进行阐述,主要介绍了我国食品防腐剂的应用状况及开发进展,对我国目前广泛使用的化学防腐剂存在的问题和近年来新开发的天然防腐剂的种类做了较详细的综述.     

Morphological characteristics of blood cells in monitor lizards: is erythrocyte size linked to actual body size?

Blood cell morphology and count are not uniform across species. Recently, between‐species comparisons revealed that the size of red blood cells is associated with body size in some lizard taxa, and this finding was interpreted in the context of the metabolic theory. In the present study, we examined the numbers and the size of blood cells in 2 species of monitor lizards, the mangrove‐dwelling monitor (Varanus indicus) and the savannah monitor (V. exanthematicus), and we compared these traits in individuals of different body size. The results revealed that during the course of ontogeny, the size of red blood cells increases with body mass. Because the mass‐specific metabolic rate decreases with body size and the cell volume‐to‐surface ratio decreases with the cell size, changes in the erythrocyte size might be the result of oxygen transport adjustment.     

粗纤维和赖氨酸水平对生长期豫南黑猪的影响

本试验旨在探讨饲粮中不同粗纤维和赖氨酸水平对生长期豫南黑猪生长性能、血清生化指标及营养物质表观消化率的影响.试验选取162头体重为30 kg左右的豫南黑猪,采用3（CF：4％、5.5％、7％）×3（lys：0.75％、0.85％、0.95％）两因子交叉完全随机设计,共设9个处理,每个处理3个重复,每重复6头猪.通过测定其生长性能、血清生化指标及营养物质表观消化率,确定生长期豫南黑猪的最佳粗纤维和赖氨酸水平.结果表明：不同粗纤维和赖氨酸水平对生长期豫南黑猪平均日采食量（ADFI）、平均日增重（ADG）和料重比（F/G）均无显著影响（P＞0.05）;粗纤维和赖氨酸水平分别为7％、0.75％时,料重比最低（P＜0.05）;粗纤维和赖氨酸水平分别为5.5％、0.85％时血清中游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FREET3）水平最高（P＜0.05）.饲粮中添加粗纤维使营养物质表观消化率下降,但通过适量比例的粗纤维和赖氨酸的合理添加,对饲粮中能量、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、Ca和P的表观消化率无显著影响（P＞0.05）.上述结果提示,30～60 kg生长期豫南黑猪的饲粮适宜粗纤维水平和赖氨酸水平分别为7％和0.75％.     

中药凤尾草的研究进展

凤尾草是一种传统的药用植物,具有很高的药用价值,应用前景广阔。本文综述了凤尾草的鉴定、临床应用、药理作用和化学成分的研究概况,为中药凤尾草资源开发与合理利用提供依据。     

中国实验用小型猪血液指标正常参考值分析

本试验旨在建立中国农业大学教授专家团队培育的小型猪(命名为"中国实验用小型猪")血液生理和生化指标的正常参考值范围,为小型猪作为人类疾病模型提供参考依据。用全自动化生化仪测定1、3、6和12月龄中国实验用小型猪血液的9项生理指标和22项生化指标,对同一月龄不同性别的血液测定值进行单因素独立样本t检验。试验结果显示,中国实验用小型猪绝大多数血液生理生化指标同一月龄不同性别间差异不显著(P>0.05),仅红细胞体积分布宽度和肌酐等指标存在显著差异(P<0.05)。中国实验用小型猪血液指标与巴马小型猪、贵州小型猪和五指山小型猪相比,大多数血液测定值接近。试验结果表明,中国实验用小型血液生理生化指标稳定,与人类正常参考值相比,小型猪9项血液生理指标中有4项和人类相接近,22项血液生化指标中有15项和人类相接近。     

Recovery threshold of Toxocara canis eggs from soil

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the threshold of Toxocara canis eggs form soil samples through utilisation of a centrifuge-flotation technique (CFT). Aliquots of soil (1 g each) were artificially contaminated with known numbers of T. canis eggs (1, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 eggs). The threshold was evaluated based on a CFT using zinc sulphate (Zn₂SO₄) and sodium nitrate (Na₂NO₃) solutions at a specific gravity of 1.20. The number of eggs recovered was directly proportional to the number of eggs employed to seed the soil. Both solutions enabled full recovery of samples containing merely three eggs; only Zn₂SO₄ demonstrated efficiency in soil contaminated with a single egg. A recovery rate of 100% was obtained for all tests with samples containing 10 and 25 eggs for Zn₂SO₄ and Na₂NO₃, respectively_. There was no difference in the mean number of recovered eggs regarding either the efficacy of the solutions or the repetition of evaluations in the same trial (p > 0.05). Therefore, the CFT is efficient for the detection of Toxocara eggs, even in samples containing low egg numbers.