针阔混交林择伐作业后土壤呼吸与土壤温度和湿度的关系

利用LI8100土壤CO2排放通量的全自动测量系统,对择伐后林地10cm处的CO2通量进行了测定,分析了土壤及各分室CO2排放通量与温度和湿度的关系。结果表明:择伐作业后,林地表面CO2通量与土壤温度和湿度有着较好的相关性,土壤温度和湿度共同解释了林地表面CO2通量季节变化的68.10%~98.9%;枯枝落叶层CO2通量与土壤温度和湿度的相关性较差,土壤温度和湿度共同解释了枯枝落叶层CO2通量的12.60%~89.80%,难以确切说明枯枝落叶层CO2通量与土壤温度和湿度的相应关系;根系CO2通量与土壤温度和湿度的相关性较好,土壤温度和湿度共同解释了根系CO2通量的55.80%~96.70%;矿质土壤CO2通量与土壤温度和湿度的相关性较高,土壤温度和湿度共同解释了矿质土壤CO通量的40.30%~99.50%。     

山东寿光蔬菜对土壤中重金属富集的溯源规律及选择性种植

对山东寿光蔬菜基地土壤及蔬菜中的重金属含量进行了检测分析,研究了蔬菜中重金属富集的可溯源性。结果表明,几种主要重金属在土壤中和蔬菜中含量的高低顺序基本一致。据此提出了蔬菜的选择性种植方法,即在查明区域土壤重金属含量的情况下,按照蔬菜对重金属富集的差异性来选择要种植的蔬菜种类。     

PET fabric supported fixed site carrier membrane for selective metal ion transport

Development of a novel fixed site carrier membrane (FCM), supported by PET fabric for metal ion separation is reported. The membranes were prepared by dipping PET fabric into the methylene chloride solution of Poly(5-vinyl-m-phenylene-m′-phenylene-32-crown-10)_ (P(VCE)), a polymeric metal ion carrier. It was found that the flux of mono-valent metal ion transported across the membrane is significantly differed from each other and the flux decreases in the order Cs⁺>Rb⁺>K⁺>Na⁺>Li⁺ irrespective to the anion except perchlorate anion. It was explained in terms of the stability of the complex, formed by crown ether unit of the P(VCE) and the various metal ions, meanwhile, the lower rate of transport in the presence of perchlorate anion was ascribed to its low hydrophilicity.     

Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and neuroglobin in piglet cortex during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest

AIM: To observe the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) and neuroglobin (NGB) in piglet cortex during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. METHODS: Wuzhishan piglets were randomly assigned to cardiopulmonary bypass group (CPB group), 40 min of circulatory arrest (CA) at 18 ℃ without cerebral perfusion (DHCA group) or with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP group). After 180 min of reperfusion, cortical tissue was harvested for determining HIF-1α and NGB expression by HE staining, Western blot and real-time PCR. RESULTS: Severer cerebral injury was observed in DHCA group than that in SACP group. After 180 min of reperfusion, HIF-1α protein and mRNA levels were significantly higher in DHCA group than those in CPB group (P<0.05). Accordingly, SACP animal had higher levels of HIF-1α protein and mRNA than those in DHCA group (P<0.05). Simultaneously, higher NGB protein and mRNA levels were found in DHCA group than those in CPB group after 180 min of reperfusion (P<0.05). The SACP animal had higher levels of NGB protein and mRNA than those in DHCA group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Up-regulation of HIF-1 and NGB are involved in the mechanism against cerebral injury resulting from DHCA in the cortex and possibly a part of cerebral protective effect of SACP.     

食用型紫心甘薯新品种湘紫薯174 的选育

湘紫薯174 是以浙紫薯1 号为母本、浙紫薯3 号为父本杂交选育而成的食用型紫心甘薯新品种,薯块纺锤形,薯皮 紫红色,薯肉紫色,结薯较集中整齐,单株结薯4～5 个,大中薯率82.7% 以上,熟食味好,抗黑斑病,中抗根腐病、茎线 虫病和薯瘟病;每667 m² 鲜薯产量1 913～2 359 kg,薯干产量549～736 kg;花青素含量为714.5 mg · kg^-1（FW）。适宜在湖 南、湖北、江西、江苏、浙江等地春夏薯区种植。     

翻心型大白菜新品种连狮1 号的选育

连狮1 号是以连云港地区菜农提供的中狮头自留种为原始种,经4 代自交提纯选育成的大白菜新品种。株型紧凑, 整齐度较好,叶球为长筒翻心形,叶片呈长倒卵形,叶表面具有较深核桃纹并带稀疏茸毛。株高35 cm,外叶数约10 片, 叶球高28～32 cm、横径22～27 cm,单个叶球质量3.5～4.0 kg,每667 m² 叶球产量4 700 kg 左右,净菜率达83%。生育期 为90～95 d（天）,田间抗病毒病、霜霉病、根肿病能力优于对照中狮头,适合在江苏、安徽、山东等地及其相近气候条件 地区秋季种植。     

基于遗传算法的机械产品多参数选配方法

对机械产品多参数选配问题进行了描述,并以同时满足多个装配精度,使不适配零件数量最小化为目标,建立了求解该问题的数学模型。针对机械产品多参数选配的特点,提出了一种基于遗传算法的选配方法。根据问题的特殊性,设计了相应的编码方法和遗传算子。最后给出了应用该算法解决机械产品多参数选配问题的一个实例,证明了该算法的可行性与有效性。     

鲜干兼用型辣椒新品种‘天椒五号’的选育

‘天椒五号’是从甘肃甘谷线椒98—15中选择优良变异单株98—15—2,经连续多年定向分离、提纯育成的优良新品种。中熟,植株生长势强,抗逆性强,高抗辣椒疫病、炭疽病。果实浅绿色,长线椒形,中辣,商品性好,品质优良。适宜北方早春大棚及露地栽培。     

四川桉树引种及良种选育

我国从８０年代中期系统引入桉属优势种质资源,各地选择出适合本地的主栽种（品种）,并培育出多个改良品种,开始桉树无性系造林。在集约经营措施下将桉树人工林从８０年代前的６．０ｍ３／（ｈｍ２·年）提高到３０～４５年ｍ３／（ｈｍ２·年）。四川１９８６年以来引入了优势桉树种质资源５００余个种批号,通过栽培试验研究,选择出巨桉、邓恩桉、史密斯桉、直干桉、尾叶桉等优势种、种源、家系,建立了一定面积约１．３３万公顷示范推广林,革新和优化了四川桉树主栽种。本文还阐述了四川桉树良种选育现状和对策。     

Annual allowable cut for merchantable woody species in a community managed forest in western Kenya

Changes in stand density, basal area, off-take and annual increment were determined from 18 permanent sample plots established in 1997 in Got Ramogi Forest in western Kenya. The plots were assessed in 2003 and 2008. A total of 824 stems ?1.5 m in height were recorded from 43 woody species. Key merchantable woody species comprised 20% of the woody species and 67% of the overall stem density. There was a significant reduction in the overall stand density and in the stem density of key merchantable woody species, but not among other woody species between 1997 and 2008. The basal area decreased significantly among key merchantable woody species, but not for the overall forest. The basal area decreased from 22.6 to 9.7 m² ha⁻¹ for key merchantable woody species. The stand volume of key merchantable woody species decreased from 156 m³ ha⁻¹ in 1997 to 61.7 m³ ha⁻¹ in 2008. The mean annual off-take declined from 10.3 m³ ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ between 1997 and 2003 to 9.1 m³ ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ between 2003 and 2008, while the mean annual increment increased from 2.9 to 3.3 m³ ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. It was predicted that forest recovery would surpass the 1997 stand volume of 156 m³ ha⁻¹ if off-take levels between 10% and 90% of the mean annual increment were adopted. We settled on an annual allowable cut of 80% of the mean annual increment as a compromise between consumptive and conservation interests. We identified over-harvesting as the main cause of the reduction in stem density among key merchantable woody species. A management plan with compartment registers indicating the diversity, abundance and distribution of each woody species was recommended to guide their utilization and monitor their population dynamics.