伴矿景天修复农田土壤镉污染的研究进展

我国土壤镉污染区与水稻种植区在空间分布上基本吻合，这严重威胁了粮食安全与人体健康，是亟需解决的土壤环境问题。伴矿景天是我国近年发现的镉超富集植物，是修复土壤镉污染的理想植物。本文以“伴矿景天”和“Sedum plumbizincicola”为关键词，从中国知网和Web of Science数据库共收集文献280篇，采用文献计量分析软件VOSviewer分析国内外研究现状，分别从伴矿景天对镉的吸收转运和富集机制、解毒机理、田间修复现状、修复效果强化措施和产后处理技术5个方面综述了现阶段的主要研究成果，并进一步阐述了伴矿景天田间修复推广应用面临的问题和挑战，提出未来研究应集中探索伴矿景天的修复效率提升和实际推广应用。     

生物有机肥对养心菜品质和产量的影响

利用研制的包含多种功能菌(白黄链霉菌TD-1、固氮菌JZ1、无机磷分解菌JWP1、有机磷分解菌JP12、解钾菌JK1)的菌剂对不同原料配比制成的农业有机废弃物堆肥进行二次发酵，制得具有促生功能的生物有机肥，并用于扦插养心菜种植中，探究生物有机肥对养心菜产量和品质的影响。结果表明：相较于不施肥组和未二次发酵处理的有机肥组，不同原料配比的二次发酵生物有机肥对养心菜的产量和品质有明显提高。在种植70 d后，N3M生物有机肥组的养心菜生长指标较佳，须根分支数、单株产量最高，分别为15.00根和11.89 g，株高增量达到456.10%，显著高于不施肥组。在品质指标中，N3M处理组养心菜的单宁含量为2.19 mg·kg^-1，较不施肥组降低了40.5%，养心菜涩味明显降低，同时该组养心菜的VC和总黄酮含量较不施肥组和未二次发酵组也有所提高。综上所述，施用适宜配方的生物有机肥能促进养心菜生长，同时提高其品质和产量。因此，生物有机肥可作为一种绿色环保肥料用于农业生产。     

耐盐闽粤石楠组培快繁体系的建立

【目的】建立耐盐闽粤石楠组培快繁技术体系。【方法】以耐盐闽粤石楠实生苗茎段为试验材料，采用正交试验设计和方差分析，探讨外植体最佳灭菌处理、腋芽诱导、不定芽增殖和生根培养的最佳培养基。【结果】耐盐闽粤石楠带芽茎段的最佳灭菌方法为洗衣粉漂洗 20 min、流水冲洗 60 min、75%。乙醇灭菌 10 s、0.15%氯化汞灭菌 3 min，无菌水清洗 5 次，外植体成活率最高、为 76.67%。最佳诱导培养基为 MS + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA+30 g/L 蔗糖 + 5.5 g/L 琼脂，有利于腋芽诱导，此培养条件下诱导率为 73.33%，平均萌芽数 1.03 个，显著高于其他处理，且不定芽叶绿色，长势较好；最佳增殖培养基为 1/2MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+ 30 g/L 蔗糖 + 5.5 g/L 琼脂，有利于不定芽增殖，此培养条件下增殖系数达 3.1，显著高于其他处理，且不定芽分化多，叶色绿，长势良好；最佳生根培养基为 1/2MS+0.4 mg/L IBA+ 30 g/L 蔗糖 + 5.5 g/L 琼脂，有利于不定芽生根，此条件下培养 60 d 生根率为 87%，平均根数 6.22 条，平均根长 3.78 cm，显著高于其他处理，且根系健壮。【结论】初步建立耐盐闽粤石楠组培快繁体系，为沿海滩涂利用提供种苗支持。     

Can microbial inoculants boost soil food webs and vegetation development on newly constructed extensive green roofs?

Green roofs are a key to providing nature-based solutions in cities. However, most green roofs installed in the Northern hemisphere are shallow, stonecrop planted systems (“extensive” green roofs), which have been shown to support limited biodiversity and could be more effective at providing ecosystem services. One issue with this type of extensive green roof is that rootzones are almost sterile on construction, relying on natural colonisation to provide a soil food web. This is a slow process, meaning plant growth can also be slow. Our aim was to determine if a soil food web could be introduced when the green roof is built. We applied microbial inoculants (mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria (Bacillus spp.)) to a new green roof and monitored plant growth and the soil food web (bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi and microarthropods). Different inoculants altered the composition of microarthropod communities, potentially impacting later succession. In particular, bacterial inoculants increased microarthropod populations. This is one of the first studies to demonstrate that the addition of microbial inoculants impacts not only plant growth, but also faunal components of the soil food web, which could have implications for long-term resilience. Bacteria were effective at aiding mycorrhizal colonisation of plants roots, but this colonisation had no impact on the growth of our selected stonecrops, Sedum album, Petrosedum reflexum and Phedimus spurius. We suggest that if a beneficial mycorrhiza could be found to promote the growth of these specific species on green roofs, bacteria could be effective “helper” species to aid colonisation. This study enables green roof researchers and the industry to justify further exploration of the impact of microbial inoculants on green roofs.