三疣梭子蟹不同养殖模式池塘叶绿素a的变化特征及粒级结构

2010年6～11月在三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)3种不同养殖模式的池塘中观测了叶绿素a浓度的变化及其粒级结构。结果表明:池塘中叶绿素a浓度变化范围为(5.29±0.13)～(48.00±15.03)mg.m-3,最低值出现在养殖初期6月份,最高值出现在夏季8月份。养殖期间,池塘叶绿素a浓度显著高于港湾和近海。比较3种不同养殖模式的叶绿素a浓度,以"高位池"最高,"底充氧"其次,"增氧机"最低,但叶绿素a浓度的变化规律基本一致,呈现出养殖初期低,然后迅速上升,至8月份达最高值,再缓慢下降。分析认为,在海水养殖生态系统中,叶绿素a浓度主要受环境因子尤其是营养盐浓度分布的影响。三疣梭子蟹养殖池塘中叶绿素a浓度粒级结构表明,Nano-粒级为主要贡献者,平均贡献率达66.9%;Pico-粒级次之,平均贡献率为22.8%;Net-粒级贡献率最小,仅为10.3%。在三疣梭子蟹养殖池塘中,Nano-粒级浮游植物是初级生产力的主要来源,而Pico-粒级光合微生物对初级生产力的作用不容小视。     

菲律宾蛤仔养殖水体中大肠菌群安全限量的研究

在不同大肠菌群含量的养殖水体中,通过菲律宾蛤仔对大肠菌群的富集研究,发现菲律宾蛤仔对大肠菌群的富集量随着大肠菌群在养殖水体中含量的升高而增大,推导出的富集量公式为y=0.9254x2+17.366x-123.77。参照CAC、91/492/EEC和NSSP的标准,通过相关换算及与国内标准对比,建议菲律宾蛤仔养殖水体中大肠菌群的安全限量定为≤70cfu/100ml,生食菲律宾蛤仔养殖水体中大肠菌群的安全限量定为≤14cfu/100ml。     

小球藻固定化培养的初步研究

用海藻酸钙作固定化载体，初步探讨了海藻酸钠浓度、CaCl2浓度、胶球密度、胶球直径等固定化条件对小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris)生长的影响。确定了优化的固定化条件为：4＃针头、2％的海藻酸钠溶液和0．15mol/L的CaCl2溶液制备固定化小球藻，在含50mL培养液的150mL三角烧瓶内放置250个小球藻胶球时，其生长速度较高，生长周期较长。与游离的小球藻相比，固定化小球藻生长速率慢，但生长周期长。实验结果为微藻固定化技术的应用和发展提供了必要的实验数据和理论基础。     

东风螺水泥池养殖两种铺沙方式的比较

为营造东风螺水泥池养殖经济、高效的底质环境,进行了水泥池两种铺沙方式东风螺养殖效果的比较试验。结果表明,在不同年份的相同季节,养殖水温无明显差异,养殖密度大致相同的情况下,同一铺沙方式方斑东风螺（B.aerolataLink）和波部东风螺（B．formosaehabei）的生长无明显差异。而离底铺沙,方斑东风螺和波部东...     

Culture of mantle epithelial cells expressing shell matrix proteins from scallop Patinopecten yessoensis

ABSTRACT:   In molluscs, mantle epithelial cells secrete organic matrix proteins to form shells. In this study, we established a culture of mantle epithelial cells by using the mantle pallial layer of scallops. We aimed to identify the mantle epithelial cells expressing scallop shell matrix proteins and establish a culture system of epithelial cells. After the mantle pallial layer was carefully isolated from the mantle tissue, explant culture was performed at 4°C. Most cells that migrated from the explant tissue were round cells. Most of the adhered cells retained round morphology, while some of the cells adhered to the dish and showed morphology similar to that of epithelial-like and fibroblast-like cells. When the cultured cells were immunostained with a polyclonal antibody against the shell matrix protein, the antibody recognized many of the adhered cells. An estimation of the number of epithelial cells revealed that approximately 70% of the adhered cells were epithelial cells. This is the first report to describe epithelial cells in cultured mantle cells, which express shell matrix proteins. This culture system may be a useful method for characterization of the mantle epithelial cells.     

断斑石鲈(Pomadasy hasta)网箱养殖技术研究

本文对平均全长3cm、平均体重0.41g的断斑石鲈幼鱼进行网箱养殖试验.结果表明:(1)断斑石鲈在体重50g以下生长速度最快,月增重最高达8.3倍.(2)适宜的生长水温在25～29℃之间;16℃以下几乎停止摄食,出现负增长;水温14℃以下持续数天,体弱者皮肤出现溃疡或死亡.(3)幼鱼经15个月的网箱养殖,从平均全长3cm增长到平均全长25cm、平均体重525g的商品鱼,成活率达68.3%.     

Use of ongrownArtemia in nursery culturing of the tiger shrimp

Juvenile and adultArtemia produced in a semi flow-through culture system were used as food for postlarval shrimp. The growth performance of shrimp reared on such ongrownArtemia live prey is identical to the growth obtained when feeding newly hatchedArtemia. However, a significantly better stress resistance is obtained when the postlarvae are exposed to a low salinity in a stress test. Besides nutritional and energetic advantages, the use ofArtemia biomass for feeding postlarval shrimp also results in improved economics as expenses for cysts and weaning diets can be reduced.     

塘养条件下硬壳蛤生长规律的研究

试验结果表明,4-5月和9-10月,水温22~27℃时,为硬壳蛤快速生长期;11月至翌年2月,水温8~15℃时,生长缓慢;5-6月硬壳蛤处于繁殖期间,生长也较为缓慢。硬壳蛤壳长和壳高的相关关系为y=1.8479x 0.5923;壳长和体质量的相关关系为y=0.0002x3.1174。     

The changes in proximate compositions and glycogen contents in the dorsal ordinary muscles of the full-cycle cultured Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis occurring with growth

ABSTRACT:   Using full-cycle cultured (FC) Pacific bluefin tuna (body length [BL], 42.6–66.4 cm; body weight [BW], 1.66–7.40 kg, n  = 15), the changes in chemical compositions and histological structure of the cephalal parts of the dorsal ordinary muscles (DOM) occurring with growth were investigated. A positive correlation ( r  = 0.9644, P  < 0.05) was observed between BL and BW with growth. The protein, lipid and ash contents of DOM and condition factor did not change with growth. However, the glycogen content of DOM increased ( P  < 0.05) from approximately 55 cm (BL) in this study. Using optical microscopic photographs, the various shapes of muscle fibers were observed and it was noted that the muscle fiber diameter increased ( P  < 0.05) with growth. Using transmission electron microscopic observation, many glycogen granules were observed in muscle fibers (especially, side of connective tissue) of DOM throughout the growth stage in this study. These results indicate that the glycogen content of DOM of FC Pacific bluefin tuna increases before the lipid with growth.     

三角褐指藻固定化培养的初步研究

用褐藻酸钙对三角褐指藻进行固定化培养实验,测定了不同胶粒大小,不同胶粒密度及不同接种量对该藻的影响,比较了自由生长和固定细胞的生长曲线,还进行了常温组和低温组固定化细胞的活化复苏实验,三角褐指藻在褐藻酸钙胶中仍具有呼吸和光合作用的能力,球径为２．５ｍｍ时,细胞生长快,每５０ｍｌ培养液中加入１５０个胶球时细胞生长量大,接种量不能低于１０＾５个细胞／ｍｌ,在冰箱（４℃）中可保存２１个月,本藻适合用固定