提高梅花鹿再生茸产量的研究

于１９９０年３月－６月分别在黑龙江省海林县三部落鹿和吉林省松花湖鹿场进行试验。用止血，提高动物营养和人工降雨增加鹿舍相对湿度的三种方法对梅花鹿再生茸生产生长的影响和潜力进行了研究。研究结果表明：单纯进行锯茸止血或提高动物营养对再生茸的产量没有明显影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）；在止血和提高动物营养的基础上同时进行人工降雨，可明显中再生茸的产量１７５±２８ｇ（Ｐ＜０．０１），使锯口愈合时间提前４．６±０．４ｄ     

粗山羊草间杂交的育性表现及抗病性鉴定

[目的]为了探讨粗山羊草间杂交的育性表现及其后代的抗病性。[方法]利用13份不同产地的粗山羊草进行杂交,在田间用京双16作诱发行,接种北京地区流行的白粉病混合菌株,进行苗期、成株期抗病性鉴定。[结果]从杂交结果看,亚种内杂交率较高,为14.15%～83.33%,而亚种间杂交率较低,为0～8.33%,因此可以判断粗山羊草亚种之间存在着生殖隔离。通过对抗病粗山羊草Y192与感病Y2272的杂交后代进行小麦白粉病抗病性鉴定,发现抗病基因是由显性单基因控制的。[结论]该结果为进一步研究小麦白粉病抗病基因奠定了基础。     

多胺与园艺植物生长发育的关系

就多胺对园艺植物的花芽分化、花粉形成、果实发育、根系形成及营养生长的作用进行了综合评述，并就多胺与植物衰老的关系进行了分析。     

非洲黑颈鸵鸟原种繁殖性能研究

对1998~2004年间48只非洲黑颈鸵鸟原种繁殖性能进行了研究。结果表明非洲黑颈鸵鸟原种年平均产蛋47.13±23.20枚,变异系数49.23%,种蛋受精率70.93%±21.21%,受精蛋孵化率80.58%±22.62%,出雏鸟27.00±15.38只。研究了非洲黑颈鸵鸟产蛋曲线,以期为非洲黑鸵鸟的生产提供参考。     

华北平原北部农区麻雀的繁殖生态

2006年4-8月对华北平原北部河北廊坊农区麻雀(Passer montanus)的繁殖生态进行了研究。观察到麻雀的巢主要建于农户的房舍,少量建于电表箱中的空隙和电线杆洞中。巢由主体巢和进入主巢的通道构成。亲鸟饲喂雏鸟次数从雏鸟孵出后第5日开始迅速增加,喂食高峰出现在第7~9日,此后逐渐下降。繁殖期麻雀具求偶炫耀、补巢、警戒、食物处理和对幼鸟的指导等行为。     

生殖激素诱导母牛双胎效果及机理研究

用生殖激素（PMSG和纯化的FSH）诱导母牛双胎进行了试验研究。PMSG处理组：选产后50d以上12头参试母牛，按其发情顺序随机分成3个组，每组4头牛，3组牛在发情周期的第10d分别各肌注PMSG2000IU，1650IU，1350IU，间隔48h再肌注氯前列烯醇2支（4mL），发情后按常规进行人工授精，同时再肌注与PMSG等量的抗PMSG，间隔12h再输精1次。上述3组牛每组随机选2头牛在输第一次精的同时肌注LRH－A_3200μg，以比较其对双胎率有无影响。纯化FSH处理组：选产后50d以上的6头参试母牛按发情顺序随机分成2组，一组FSH总剂量为6mg，另一组为5mg。其处理方法是在发情周期的第10，11，123d每天早、晚各1次给参试牛肌注FSH，在第一次肌注FSH48h后肌注氯前列烯醇2支（4mL），发情后正常输精，间隔12h再输精1次。上述6头参试牛中随机选3头牛于输第1次精的同时肌注LRH－A_3200μg。每头参试牛于不同生理时期，包括肌注生殖激素的当天，24h，48h；肌注氯前列烯醇后24h，48h；发情后48h，排卵时，妊娠后第5d，20d，60d。从颈静脉各采血1次，共采10次，每次10mL，离心后分离血清，用放免法测定上述各生理时期血清中P_4，LH，E_2水平，分析与单、双胎的关系。结果表明（1）适量的PMSG（1350～2000IU）和纯化FSH（5mg）均能诱导母牛     

菌糠饲料对繁殖母猪生产性能的影响

利用平菇菌糠组成 2 0 %、2 5 %、30 %三个浓度配方日粮试验组 ,以常规配方日粮作对照组 ,每组 1 0头 ,进行了对繁殖母猪空怀、妊娠和哺乳不同生理阶段与其生产性能相关性饲喂试验。连续 3个繁殖胎次结果表明 :对窝均产活仔数、平均初生重、泌乳力和断奶周内返情率等繁殖性能的影响作用均呈显著正相关 ,以30 %菌糠组的表达力最强 ;对 0～ 2 1 d、2 1～ 35 d阶段增重影响 ,亦以 30 %菌糠组作用最为显著 ;均对提高仔猪断奶成活率、降低仔猪腹泻等疾病和猪只定型行为发生的作用明显。故菌糠作为其他饲料所不及的特殊功能性饲料 ,对我国节粮、高效、安全肉猪生产具有重要意义     

Parthenogenesis, polyploidy and reproductive seasonality in the Taiwanese mountain earthworm Amynthas catenus (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae)

Amynthas catenusTsai et al., 2001 is a terrestrial earthworm belonging to the Pheretima complex of the family Megascolecidae. It is endemic to Mt. Hohuan of central Taiwan at elevations of 2985-3004 m. Its reproductive organs showed various stages of degeneration in the present study. The spermathecae varied from being absent (athecal) to three pairs in VI-VIII (sexthecal), and the prostate glands from a large, symmetrical pair to complete absence. For the 44 specimens examined from May 2008 to May 2010, there were 47.7% athecals, 36.4% sexthecals and 15.9% intermediates. Results of a flow cytometric analysis showed that there were three DNA ploidy levels - diploid, triploid and tetraploid (2n, 3n, and 4n) - for the athecals but only diploid for the sexthecals. The intermediates consisted of diploids and triploids. The diploids had 2n = 112 and the triploids 3n = 168. The haploid chromosome number of A. catenus was 56. Spermatogenesis occurred throughout the year with the highest activity in summer for both athecals and sexthecals, but the number of mature ova peaked in summer for the athecals and in spring for the sexthecals. There was no significant difference in mean number of mature ova produced between the athecals and the sexthecals, but the sexthecals had significantly higher spermatogenetic activity than the athecals. For all specimens examined, sperm were present in testes and seminal vesicles but not in spermathecae, an indication of parthenogenesis in the species.     

猪场常见繁殖系统疾病的临床区别诊断

布氏杆菌病、细小病毒感染、猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征(PRRS)、猪瘟、猪伪狂犬病、猪乙型脑炎、猪附红细胞体病、衣原体、猪钩端螺旋体及饲料霉菌毒素中毒都共同出现流产症状,同时也有很多不同点。本文根据临床经验,将其归纳整理,系统地比较各病之间的不同点,为临床兽医正确区别诊断这类疾病提供宝贵的经验。     

Low reproductive success of leatherback turtles, Dermochelys coriacea, is due to high embryonic mortality

We examined the mechanism responsible for low reproductive success in leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) at Playa Grande, Costa Rica: low egg fertilization versus high rates of embryonic death. Leatherbacks at this beach had a high rate of fertility (=93.3%±2.5%, n=819). We incubated 10 eggs from every clutch encountered of 19 females during 3 months of the 1998-1999 nesting season. Fertility rate of some females decreased during the nesting season, but overall was high. Detection of fertility was difficult using standard methods because fertility rates cannot be determined accurately from nests excavated after hatching because of egg decomposition. Removal and incubation of eggs from nests provided a better estimate. Embryonic death, particularly in the beginning of incubation before embryos are visible to the unaided eye, was the cause of low hatching success in this population. Hatching success increased with increasing fertility and differed between females, with some mothers having 71-81% success and others 23-32%. Embryonic death and not low egg fertility drives poor recruitment at Playa Grande. Improved conservation of this species at Playa Grande will require a better understanding of the mechanism behind embryonic death.