红叶石楠容器育苗人工复合生长基质研究

利用农业生产废弃资源,对泥炭、木屑、农家肥(牛粪+山核桃壳)、树皮4种不同基质材料的物理性质、水分特性及对园林植物红叶石楠容器苗生长影响进行研究.研究结果表明:通过性能指标比较和主成分分析,农家肥(牛粪+山核桃壳)、珍珠岩、蛭石(三者基质比为60:20:20)等轻基质资源作为容器育苗的基质原料使用,具备国内外通用育苗基质原料的相似理化基础,是较理想的容器育苗复合基质的原材料.另外,木屑和泥炭也是较好的复合基质原料,基质肥力持久性能好;树皮须与其它原材料按合适的配比混合使用,改善复合基质的性能,能降低生产成本.     

不同饵料配比对克氏原螯虾生长及抱卵的影响初探

研究了不同饵料配比条件下克氏原螯虾生长和抱卵的情况。结果表明,不同饵料配比对克氏原螯虾生长和抱卵有明显的影响。适当增饲水草、蚕蛹和小杂鱼饵料的克氏原螯虾生长较快,其中适当增饲水草的克氏原螯虾,无论雄虾还是雌虾,在44d中生长速度均表现最快,分别达36.23%和27.17%。在投饵和水环境完全一致的条件下,雄虾的成活率和生长速度均低于雌虾。雌虾的成活率是雄虾的1.12倍,这与自然界中克氏原螯虾雌雄比例为1.13：1、雌性明显多于雄性的事实基本吻合。雌虾的生长速度是雄虾的1.09倍,即雌性个体增重比雄性略快。均衡的植物性和动物性营养配置,有利于雌虾的抱卵,抱卵率可达75%,适当增饲牛粪、虾仁饵料的雌虾抱卵率也高达71.2%。可见有利于克氏原螯虾生长的饵料配比,不一定适合于其生殖和繁育,应根据不同生育阶段应配制不同的专用饵料。     

红壤旱地施用保水剂和稻草覆盖对花生生长和产量的效应

在江西丘陵红壤坡地上进行的试验结果表明:施用保水剂和稻草覆盖均可促进花生的生长发育,明显提高花生的产量,但对花生的出苗率影响不大.施用保水剂、覆盖稻草以及两者叠加处理分别比空白对照增加花生产量26.6%、7.69%和29.1%,其中以单施保水剂处理的经济效益最佳,比对照增加纯收入6330.60元/hm2.     

阜平红枣产业现状及对策探析

分析了我国以及河北省阜平县的枣资源和红枣产业的市场前景。针对红枣作为阜平县的主要支柱产业,存在生产组织化程度低,深加工产品少,红枣营销体系混乱等一系列问题,从转变产业发展模式,完善服务体系,加强安全生产管理等几个方面提出了做大做强阜平县红枣产业的具体措施。     

猕猴桃抗溃疡病基因连锁SSR分子标记初步研究

【目的】研究与猕猴桃抗溃疡病基因连锁的SSR分子标记,为猕猴桃抗病育种提供早期分子筛选标记。【方法】以易感病的雌株西选二号和抗病的雄株SX45872杂交F1代的198株群体以及40份猕猴桃材料为试材,利用离体接种法进行抗性鉴定。利用SSR(Simple sequence repeat)技术,结合集群分类分析法(Bulked segregation analysis,BSA)进行猕猴桃抗溃疡病基因(PR)分子标记筛选。【结果】抗性鉴定结果表明,猕猴桃溃疡病抗/感病分离比符合由1对主效基因控制的1∶1分离比例。通过对51对SSR引物的筛选,获得了与抗溃疡病基因连锁的SSR分子标记UDK97-428116;将获得的SSR标记在40份猕猴桃材料中进行验证,分子标记结果与离体枝条接种结果一致率达95.5%,从而验证了该标记的可靠性。【结论】SSR标记UDK97-428116可用于猕猴桃材料溃疡病抗性鉴定和分子标记辅助育种。     

红三叶的研究和利用

结合国内外有关红三叶研究和利用的科研成果，对红三叶的价值，品种分类，生长特性，混播和施肥技术及利用特点进行了综合分析，指出红三叶在我国，特别是南方地区具有很大的栽培推广潜力。     

草原红牛肉用性状微卫星标记研究

本研究选用草原红牛、草原红牛与利木赞牛杂交后代共计42头作为试验牛群体，以体尺、体重作为衡量其生长发育指标，进行肉牛肌肉度线性评分，并屠宰测定其肉用性能，利用SPSS软件分析了3个微卫星位点基因标记与生长性状、屠宰肉用、肌肉度线性评分性状的关系。结果表明，IDVGA46等位基因D（211bp）对3个肌肉度评分性状肩部、腰厚、大腿肌有负相关；等位基因B（205bp）在腰厚方面有正相关。等位基因F（249bp）对牛的胸深、坐骨端高等生长性状有正相关。BM1824等位基因C（211bp）对腿围性状、净肉率和净肉重性状均有正相关。IDVGA2等位基因C（209bp）对牛的肉用性能有负相关。     

Absence of three known benzimidazole resistance mutations in Trichostrongylus tenuis, a nematode parasite of avian hosts

Benzimidazole (BZ) resistance is widespread in nematode parasites of livestock, but very little is known about the levels of BZ resistance in parasites with avian hosts. We investigated BZ resistance in Trichostrongylus tenuis, a nematode parasite of red grouse, Lagopus lagopus scotica. BZ anthelmintics had been in use in this system for up to 15 years, yet existing phenotypic evidence for resistance was inconclusive. We screened 1530 individuals from 14 populations at the principal β-tubulin locus for BZ resistance (isotype 1, residue 200) and 940 of these at two further resistance sites (isotype 1, residue 167; isotype 2, residue 200). No BZ resistant genotypes were found. Alternative mechanisms may be responsible for BZ resistance in this system, or the method and timing of treatments may reduce selection pressure for BZ resistance by creating substantial refugia for susceptible genotypes.     

氮肥对红三叶和鸭茅草地生产性能影响的研究

本文对红三叶和鸭茅单、混播草地对施氮肥的反应情况进行了研究，发现氮肥对鸭茅的株高、分蘖及产草量具明显的促进作用，而红三叶对氮肥的反应则不十分明显。同时施肥后，单播处理牧草的产量增幅比混播处理大。试验结果还表明，鸭茅和红三叶产量与施氮肥量均呈指数关系。通过对单播鸭茅和混播草地总产对氮肥的反应规律进行分析，可以把混播草地对氮肥的利用情况及氮肥对该草地中红三叶固氮作用影响的变化规律分为３类：第１类为混播草地投入最低氮肥量，草地生产力较低，此时红三叶能提供较高氮素价值量；第２类，混播草地投入中等氮肥量，草地生产力中等，但红三叶提供氮素的价值量减小；第３类，投入较高氮肥量，但红三叶失去提供氮素价值。本试验显示，从经济效益角度考虑，对混播草地以少施氮肥为好，特别是在０～０．３ｔ／ｈａ范围内较为适宜。     

Correlations Analysis between Polymorphism of 3’-UTR in MSTN Gene and Slaughter Traits of China Red Steppe

In order to study the effect of myostatin (MSTN) gene on the meat performance of Local Yellow cattle in China,selecting 2 Local cattle breeds (Grassland Red bull,Yanbian cattle) as the research object,four binary hybrid cattle group (Germany Yellow cattle×Simmental,Limousin×Simmental,Charolais×Simmental and Red Angus×Simmental) as reference.PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing methods were conducted to detect single nucleotide polymorphism of MSTN gene in two Chinese native cattle and four cross cattle,and analyzed the correlations between single nucleotide polymorphism of China Red Steppe MSTN gene and slaughter traits.The sequence analysis showed that there was no mutations in the MSTN gene exon 3,a C5358A mutation of 3'-UTR of MSTN gene was found,which made the AclⅠrestriction enzyme site disappeared,all cattle groups showed polymorphism which was formed two genes as A,C, and 3 genotypes as AA,CA and CC, respectively.The research results suggested that AA genotype in groups of four hybrid cattle had dominant advantage and the genotype frequency was apparently higher than two groups of Chinese Native cattle for the test of independence,allele A was expressed the preferential allelic,the frequencies of CA,CC and AA genotypes showed a little variation between two cross cattle and Native cattle,and the frequency of allele C was apparently higher than allele A,so allele C was designed the preferential allelic in the local population.While correlations between different genotypes of China Red Steppe and slaughter traits analysis showed that AA genotype individual net meat percentage and eye muscle area were significantly higher than CA and CC genotype individuals (P<0.05),but other slaughter straits had no significant differences in three genotypes(P>0.05).These results provided a useful reference for research of the meat performance of China Red Steppe in the molecular breeding field.