2022年夏季汉江中下游水华生消驱动因子及其贡献率量化研究

2022年夏季，长江流域遭遇了罕见的“汛期反枯”极端水文事件，在此期间，汉江中下游首次发现了蓝藻水华。本研究选取叶绿素a浓度作为衡量水华的关键指标，基于偏最小二乘回归（Partial least squares regression，PLSR）量化了不同环境因子对2022年夏季汉江中下游（仙桃、宗关断面）水华生消的贡献率。结果表明：（1）仙桃和宗关断面叶绿素a浓度与溶解氧、pH值和水温均呈现出显著的正相关关系。溶解氧、pH值和水温对2022年夏季汉江中下游水华生消的贡献程度最高，三者对仙桃和宗关断面水华生消的贡献率分别为15.18%、13.68%、14.50%和18.06%、15.93%、15.65%。（2）基于偏最小二乘路径模型（Partial Least Squares Path Modeling，PLS-PM），本研究进一步解析了各环境因子对叶绿素a浓度变化的影响路径。结果表明气象因子是2022年夏季汉江中下游蓝藻水华暴发的诱导因子，高温无雨的极端天气导致水温和pH上升，加速了藻类的代谢反应速率。同时，河道流量减小延长了有机物和营养盐的传输和滞留时间，为藻类生长提供了稳定的营养条件。并且水华“萌发”时段可能与汉江中下游“涝旱急转”时段重叠。因此，本文建议下一步研究应结合准确的中长期气象预报信息，在“涝旱急转”时段实时优化汉江中下游水华防控调度的下泄流量与下泄时机，这将有可能大大提高水华防控的效率和效果。     

植物在生态旅游中的作用及其功能评价

通过调查分析,从植物的美学特点、植物的特殊用途、珍稀濒危植物、古树名木等方面来探讨植物在生态旅游中的作用;根据植物在生态旅游中的作用,建立了植物在生态旅游中的功能评价指标体系层次结构模型,并运用AHP方法确定了各指标的权重。     

Evaluation of Strength Performance of Finger-jointed Lumbers Using Three Kinds of Nondestructive Techniques

Resonance flexural vibration（Fast Fourier Transform, FFT）, ultrasonic wave（Pundit） and stress wave（Metriguard） techniques were examined as means of evaluating the static modulus of elasticity （MOE） and predicting the modulus of rupture （MOR） of finger-jointed lumber specimens made with four kinds of Eucalyptus （Eucalyptus. citriodora, E. exserta, E. grandis x E. urophylla and E. grandis）. Dynamic MOE was calculated from frequency and time obtained from forced vibrations and sounds induced in the four species of finger-jointed specimens. It was found that correlation coefficients between density and static MOE and dynamic MOE were statistically significant at the 0.01 level. And it was also found that the three nondestructive techniques can provide rapid and accurate means to determine the MOE, and the dynamic MOE was more accurate to predict static MOE than density. But the correlation coefficient between dynamic MOE, static MOE and MOR were lower than results reported by other researchers for solid wood, and were not statistically significant. It can be concluded that the three nondestructive techniques are useful for evaluating the MOE, but not suitable for predicting the MOR of finger-jointed.     

对建立全面预算管理制度的一点看法

本文以哈尔滨轴承集团公司开展全面预算管理工作为例，简要介绍了预算及预算管理的目的，预算管理的本质，编制预算的范围和内容，预算管理的组织体系，预算的编制原则，预算的编审程序，预算的编制方法，预算的监控，预算执行情况考评等方面，进一步阐明了预算管理工作是企业提高管理水平，向管理要效益，实现内涵式发展行之有效的管理方法，真正地使财务管理成为“横向到边，纵向到底”的全方位、全员参加的管理。     

苹果汁品质评价方法研究进展

苹果汁是我国苹果产业的主要加工产品,因其营养丰富、风味独特受到广大消费者的喜爱,准确快速评价苹果汁品质对苹果汁的加工、储藏、流通和贸易具有重要指导意义。本文对不同的苹果汁产品的感官评价语言与方法进行了综述,分析了加工品质指标、感官品质指标和理化与营养品质指标的仪器测定方法与最新研究进展,品质评价指标筛选方法及综合评价方法,以期为不同苹果汁产品评价体系的建立提供参考。     

国内科研评价制度对科技期刊的影响

通过分析在中国现有的科研评价制度下科技期刊发展存在优秀稿件外流、审稿不严、编校水平低、学术诚信不高等问题的基础上,对科技期刊的发展提出了建议。     

Bio-based Coating from Fish Gelatin,K-Carrageenan and Extract of Pomegranate Peels for Maintaining the Overall Qualities of Fish Fillet

ABSTRACT

To maintain the overall quality of fisheries products, functional edible coatings from natural ingredients including fish gelatin (Gf), k-carrageenan (Cr), and extract of pomegranate peels (PPE) were composed. The Gf was extracted from blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus), microencapsulated with Cr, and then loaded with PPE (at concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%). The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of Gf/Cr composites verified their cross-linkage and functionality; the Gf/Cr microcapsules had a mean particle size of 36.2 µm with good distribution and homogeneity. The coating of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets, with constructed solutions from Gf/Cr/PPE, revealed their positive effects on fillet quality attributes; the effectiveness was dependent on the supplemented PPE concentration. The Gf/Cr/PPE solutions could effectively reduce the microbial counts of total aerobics, psychrotrophs, yeast and molds, and enterobacteriaceae groups throughout 30 days of refrigerated storage. Additionally, the analysis of spoilage chemical parameters (total volatile basic nitrogen, peroxide value, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) in coated samples indicated that formulated solutions could hinder the increase of their values during storage. The sensorial evaluation indicated the acceptability and validity of coated samples for up to 30 days of storage. Gf/Cr/PPE coating is recommended for overall quality maintenance of fish fillets and prolongation of storage using safe and healthy biopreservatives.     

基于ModelBuilder的垦造水田耕地质量等别评价

为快速准确的掌握土地整治工程前后耕地质量等别的时空变化信息,提升耕地质量等别评价实践工作效率,以连平县隆街镇沐河村垦造水田项目区为研究区域,将传统农用地分等方法与ModelBuilder建模方法融合,构建了垦造水田工程项目背景下的耕地质量等别快速评价框架体系.研究以连平县2016年耕地质量等别更新成果作为数据基础,结合...     

阿苯达唑混悬剂的质量评价及其含量检测方法的建立

目的:对自制阿苯达唑混悬剂的质量进行评价,考察稳定性的影响因素,并建立混悬剂中阿苯达唑的含量测定方法.方法:利用沉降体积比和再分散性试验考察制剂的性状稳定性,利用粒度测定仪对粒径的大小和分布进行测定,利用高温、冷冻和光照试验研究阿苯达唑混悬剂的影响因素,利用高效液相色谱方法建立阿苯达唑的含量检测方法.结果:自制阿苯达唑...     

黑龙江省部分玉米杂交种的综合评价

玉米杂交种的综合评价是新品种选育、审定和推广的重要依据。以黑龙江省种植的部分玉米杂交种为试验材料,测定其产量（14%含水量）、籽粒含水量、容重、秃尖长、出籽率、轴粗/穗粗、百粒重和穗长8个性状,采用灰色关联度法对28个供试玉米杂交种的8个性状进行综合评价。结果表明,德美亚3号、先玉696和先玉335加权关联度排在前3位,综合表现好。