Characterization,phylogenetic analyses and pathogenicity of Bipolaris setariae associated with brown stripe disease on sugarcane in Yunnan,China

Brown stripe disease is a severe foliar fungal disease of sugarcane worldwide and is widespread in all sugarcane planting areas in China. Brown stripe is a major disease that seriously affects the output and quality of the sugarcane industry in Yunnan Province, China's second-largest sugar base, while the pathogen of this disease remains not yet fully understood. To address this, we isolated and identified the fungi associated with 68 leaf samples showing typical symptoms of brown stripe from 22 sugarcane varieties in different areas of Yunnan Province. A total of 113 isolates were obtained, which were morphologically similar. Of these, 64 representative isolates were sequenced for the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), GAPDH and EF-1α loci. All representative isolates grouped with the type strain of Bipolaris setariae in the phylogenetic trees inferred with individual and concatenated sequences of ITS, GAPDH and EF1-α. Pathogenicity test results showed that B. setariae strains were able to induce typical symptoms of brown stripe. The results obtained in this study clarify that only B. setariae is associated with sugarcane brown stripe in Yunnan, China. It is recorded here for the first time as a pathogen causing sugarcane brown stripe in Yunnan, and it is able to infect many major cultivars and new varieties, posing a new threat to the sugar industry in Yunnan Province. In addition, these results provide the scientific basis for the future breeding of disease-resistant varieties and effective prevention and control of sugarcane brown stripe disease.     

Research on Dynamics of Installation Way for Active Isolation Actuator on Flexible Foundations

The dynamic characteristic of active isolation atuator on flexible foundations was studied under the installation of parallel structure and foundation cancellation.The influencing relationships between active isolation force of the different installation ways and passive isolation system and flexible foundation were analyzed and compared.Scientific basis for selecting installation ways of active isolator is provided in this paper.     

对橡胶悬架装置动特性的改进探讨

以橡胶悬架装置为研究对象,考虑其动态特性与高速车辆动力总成低频与高频要求不同之间的矛盾,试图通过改进橡胶悬架装置的结构提高其动特性。建立了改进结构的橡胶悬架装置的力学模型,并对其进行了理论分析和仿真计算,结果表明改进后的橡胶悬架装置的动特性有了显著提高,对我国橡胶悬架装置的结构改进具有借鉴和指导意义。     

大理州“红阳”猕猴桃真菌性枝干的发生与病原鉴定

以大理州"红阳"猕猴桃枝干为试材,采用田间调查法调查病原菌对其危害状况,对采集的10份病样采用常规组织分离法分离病原,单孢纯化法获得病原菌,采用形态和分子法鉴定病原种类,以期明确大理州"红阳"猕猴桃枝干病害的发生状况及危害病原。结果表明:大理州"红阳"猕猴桃枝干病害发生严重,病株率高达69.6%,5个采样点共分离得到15个菌株,其中以链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)、厚坦镰刀菌(Fusarium chlamydosporum)、小新壳梭孢菌(Neofusicoccum parvum)和间座壳属中一种(Diaporthe bohemiae)共4类病原菌出现频率最高,是优势种,分离率分别为55.6%、52.4%、49.8%和50.1%。利用柯赫氏法则对分离所得的所有菌株进行致病性测定,证实了优势菌株对猕猴桃茎杆的致病性,进一步明确了引起大理州猕猴桃茎杆的病原真菌。     

菜籽中2—羟基—3—丁烯基硫代葡萄糖苷的分离与纯化制备

本文报道了用弱离了交换剂DEAE Sephadex A-25作固定相,K_2SO_4溶液作流动相,采用自动柱层析仪分离制备硫代葡萄糖苷结晶粗品,然后采用制备HPLC,Φ8×250 mm柱,充填Hitachi 3050(ODS),5×10~(-2)乙腈作流动相,进一步分离纯化,制得2-羟基-3-丁烯基硫代葡萄糖苷的钾盐晶体,以质谱(MS),红外图谱(IR),紫外图谱(UV)和HPLC图谱证实,结晶物纯度为色谱纯。     

石斛茎部内生真菌的分离与分布

采用70%酒精与0.1%升汞(HgCl2)相结合的表面消毒法,分离石斛茎部内生真菌。实验结果表明,升汞的消毒时间1~8 min均可,以5 min左右为宜。石斛茎部内生真菌主要分布于紧贴表皮的一小部分组织中。     

烟草不同组织总RNA的提取方法初探

【研究目的】寻找烟草各个组织总RNA最佳的提取方法。【方法】以烟草K326的根、茎、叶、蕾、花和种子为材料,分别采用试剂盒法、Trizol法和CTAB法提取烟草6个组织总RNA进行对比。【结果】烟草不同组织总RNA提取方法有所不同,试剂盒法和Trizol法只能提取出根、茎、叶、蕾和花的总RNA,而不能提取种子总RNA;CTAB法能提取出6个组织的RNA。3种方法提取的RNA质量好,均能满足RT-PCR以及后续实验的要求。【结论】试剂盒法较Trizol法和CTAB法简单、快捷,适合于烟草除种子以外其余组织总RNA快速提取,CTAB法适合烟草所有组织总RNA提取。     

鲜蛋中沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及生长模型分析

为了了解鲜蛋中沙门氏菌的污染情况及其生理特性,按照国家标准中蛋制品的检验程序,对养鸡场及市场共50个鸡蛋样品中的沙门氏菌进行分离,并对分离出的可疑菌株做生理生化鉴定试验,根据试验结果分析,确定其中1株为沙门氏菌,对其在温度37℃下的生长曲线进行数学分析,得出最适生长模型为MMF模型。     

富含多糖的转基因石斛基因组DNA提取方法(英文)

在石斛兰转基因研究中,需通过PCR和Southern杂交等手段检测外源基因是否转入并整合到转化植株基因组.由于转化石斛植株生长缓慢,且含有多糖,因此从转化植株中提取高质量的基因组DNA以尽快对转基因苗进行分子检测存在较大困难.本研究旨在通过改良现有的DNA提取法(CTAB法或SDS法1,克服转化石斛植株基因组DNA提取中碰到的产量低,纯度不高而导致难以进行PCR或酶切等问题.在本研究所用的3种改良法中,方法Ⅱ能从少量的转化石斛苗中提取出高产量和高纯度的基因组DNA.研究结果表明方法Ⅱ提取的基因组DNA完全适用于转基因石斛的外源基因PCR扩增,限制性酶切和Southern杂交分析.     

主被动闭环融合调姿隔振平台动力学建模与模态分析

以载体设备对稳定工作环境的需求为背景,提出一种多维调姿隔振平台新构型,以实现大幅度位姿扰动的补偿和中高频振动的隔离。机构由3个分支组成,每个分支包含1个由主动调姿、被动隔振单元组成的闭环子链。借助于旋量代数及影响系数理论建立机构的运动学模型,得到动平台、开链分支、电动缸分支对广义坐标的一、二阶影响系数。建立机构主被动分离形式的动力学模型,并以此为基础对其进行模态分析。通过脉冲激励对原理样机进行模态实验,实验结果表明,固有频率的实验测定值与理论计算值接近,验证了理论模型的正确性。响应特性的实验结果表明原理样机能够对低频段的位姿扰动进行补偿,结合中高频的被动隔振,原理样机具备了较宽频带的调姿隔振能力。