Effect of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2overexpression in 3T3-L1 is associated to an increase in mono-unsaturated fatty acid accumulation

Background：Fatty acid（FA） composition is the most important parameter affecting the flavor and nutritional value of the meat.The final and the only committed step in the biosynthesis of triglycerides is catalyzed by diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2（DGAT2）.The role of DGAT2 in lipid accumulation has been demonstrated in adipocytes,However,little is known about the effect of DGAT2 on the FA composition of these cells.Methods：To investigate the role of DGAT2 in regulating lipid accumulation,FA composition and the expression of adipogenic genes,we cloned the open reading frame of the porcine DGAT2 gene and established 3T3-L1 cells that overexpressed DGAT2.Cells were then cultured in differentiation medium（DM） without FA,with a mixture of FAs（FA-DM）,or containing a ~（13）C stable isotope-labeled FA mixture（IFA-DM）.The FA composition of adipocytes was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry.Quantitative PCR and western blotting were employed to detect expression of adipogenic genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes cultured with FA-DM for 12 d.Results：The triacylglyceride（TAG） content was significantly higher in 3T3-L1 adipocytes overexpressing DGAT2 than in control cells.When cultured in DM or FA-DM for 12 d,cells overexpressing DGAT2 showed a higher proportion of unsaturated FAs（C16：1 and C18：1）.However,when cells overexpressing DGAT2 were cultured with FA-DM for30 min,the FA composition was almost identical to that of controls.Further,the proportion of stable isotope-labeled FAs were similar in 3T3-L1 adipocytes overexpressing DGAT2 and control cells cultured in IFA-DM for 12 d.These results collectively indicate that the higher proportion of mono-unsaturated FAs,C16：1 and C18：1,may originate from de novo FA synthesis but not from the uptake of specific FAs from the medium.This hypothesis is further supported by evidence that both mRNA and protein expression of genes involved in FA synthesis（ACACA,FASN,SCD1,and A-FABP?     

4种有害气体对猪群健康状况的影响及其控制技术

为掌握规模化猪场舍内小环境空气质量的变化,为猪舍空气质量对人、动物健康影响的风险评估和相关控制技术的研究提供理论依据,并探索出有效的舍内空气质量控制技术,2010年11月20日～2011年3月10日和2011年11月19～2012年3月11日连续2 a 在河南省农业科学院种猪场31栋猪舍（规模化猪舍,利用屋顶进风,地下航道抽风的立体空气综合控制技术）和周围10个小型猪场26栋猪舍（简陋猪舍,利用自然通风或小风机通风）进行舍内空气质量指标测定。结果表明：利用空气综合控制技术通风的标准化猪舍内空气质量较好,能够明显降低舍内有害气体的浓度,同时还保证了舍内温度,为猪只生长发育提供了适宜的环境条件。     

皖南花猪ESR基因与产仔数的遗传相关性研究

用PCR-RFLPs法,研究皖南花猪ESR基因与产仔数之间的关系,实验通过对ESR基因型多态性检测,并以皖南花猪这一特有品种猪进行遗传分析,为今后该猪的选育工作提供理论依据和现实指导意义。     

Porcine CD5 gene and gene product identified on the basis of inter-species conserved cytoplasmic domain sequences

Analysis of published CD5 amino acid sequences identified conserved sequences with potentially immunogenic epitopes. To obtain anti-porcine CD5, synthetic peptides representing conserved sequences identified in mouse, human, cattle and sheep CD5 cytoplasmic tail domains were linked to KLH and used to immunize rabbits. Anti-synthetic peptide serum reacted with an antigen extracted from porcine lymphocyte membrane which was consistent in size (67 kDa) with CD5. Murine monoclonal anti-porcine wCD5 (b53b7) and the anti-CD5 synthetic peptide serum react with the same ligand confirming that porcine wCD5 has conserved amino acid sequences similar to those of CD5 of several species. Analysis of porcine genome for CD5 gene sequences by PCR was conducted to verify the presence of CD5-like genes. Oligomeric primers were designed to identify CD5-like sequences by polymerase chain reaction in pigs and other species. Amplified DNA similar in size to that predicted for CD5 elements were amplified from a variety of animal genomes including that of pig. The porcine-derived fragment was cloned and shown to be 96% similar to mouse CD5. The use of published CD sequences for prediction of immunogenic peptides has provided a complimentary alternative to the more traditional approaches to production of CD-specific antibodies.     

15N标记绿肥喂猪后还田的转化和效益的研究

本文用１５Ｎ标记绿肥与无Ｎ淀粉配制成饲料喂猪，猪体平均回收饲料１５Ｎ２３．５１％；猪粪回收１５Ｎ２３．８５％，猪尿回收１５Ｎ２８．７６％；饲料绿肥Ｎ的总回收率为７６．１２％。猪粪，尿还田，水稻全株对Ｎ的回收分别相当于饲料绿肥Ｎ的３．７５％和７．．２５％。其中转化至稻谷的分别为２．５１％和４．８２％。以经济产品计算，猪体和稻谷共回收饲料绿肥１５Ｎ３０．８４％，比１５Ｎ绿肥与尿素配施还田稻回收的绿肥Ｎ     

我国养猪生产的发展方向

我国养猪生产正处在由传统生产向现代化生产转化阶段。在这个阶段中，养猪生产所面临的主要任务是工作重心由城郊转向农村；引导养猪生产向产业化方向发展；提高宏观调控能力，做到可持续发展。     

Patterns of Cytosine Methylation in Parental Lines and Their Hybrids of Large White and Meishan Reciprocal Crosses

The extent and patterns of cytosine methylation in blood DNA were assessed, using the technique of methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism(MSAP),in Meishan, Large White pigs and hybrids of their reciprocal crosses. In all, 1 508 fragments, each representing a recognition site cleaved by either or both of the isoschizomers, MspI and HpaII, were amplified using 20 pairs of selective primers. 10.3% of CCGG sites were methylated in Meishan pigs, 10.5% in Large White pigs, and 10.2% in the hybrids. Cytosine methylation was not significantly different among parental lines and hybrids of reciprocal crosses. Four classes of patterns were identified in a comparative assay of cytosine methylation in the parents and hybrids: (1) the same level of methylation in both parental lines and the hybrids; (2) the same level of methylation in either parent or hybrid; (3) an increased level of methylation in the hybrids compared to the parents, and (4) a decreased level of methylation in the hybrids. 11 crossspecific methylation sites were detected in F1 hybrids of Large White×Meishan, and 10 crossspecific methylation sites in the hybrid of Meishan×LargeWhite. In conclusion, (1) the whole methylation status between parental lines and hybrids was not different, but specific sites were differentially methylated; (2) specific sites were differentially methylated between reciprocal crosses; (3) demethylation and hypermethylation of many sites accounted for mostly (more than 50%) methylated sites in the hybrids compared to parental lines.     

增瘦剂对长—巴猪(F_1)银染核仁组成区Ag—NoR_s影响的研究

本文以西北农业大学畜牧场埋植(或添加)增瘦剂的长—巴F_1杂种肥育猪为研究对象,采用微量外周血淋巴细胞培养以及银染色技术,对14头个体染色体银染核仁组成区(Ag-NoRs)的数目、分布以及其联会进行了详细的分析,以检验增瘦剂实用于生产实践的可靠性。结果表明,对照组、埋植组和喂药组(分两个剂量)二倍体细胞染色体Ag-NoRs的平均数分别为1.98、1.99、2.00和1.98,组内个体Ag-NoRs的众数均为2,Ag-NoRs联会的频率分别为1.41％、0.49％、0.65％和0.59％:与对照组相比,试验组的Ag-NoRs平均数及联会频率均未出现显著的差异。从而证明,在细胞遗传学的Ag-NoRs指标上,二增瘦剂对长——巴(F_1)肥育猪具有安全性,可以在生产上加以应用。