我国地方猪种的一颗明珠──监利猪

监利猪是＂华中两头乌猪＂的一个地方品群，以皮薄、肉嫩、易饲养而享誉海内外，被列为世界十大名优猪种，但腿臂不够丰满，体质结构疏松。今后应加强选育和利用，使其广泛地应用于养猪生产。     

Treatment of experimental ureteral strictures by endourological ureterotomy and implantation of stents in the porcine animal model

The objective of this study is to evaluate the dilation of the ureter using endoureterotomy and an expanding-sheath double pigtail ureteral stent in the treatment of experimentally induced ureteral strictures in the porcine animal model. This is a new treatment in the ureteral strictures resolution in Veterinary Urology, although it is not a common affection, it usually appears as a consequence of ureteritis and in the iatrogenic female genital surgery. The experimental study is design in three phases: induction of experimental stricture, diagnosis and treatment of the stricture and follow-up. We have used 10 healthy Large White female pigs. The internal ureteral diameter was measured prior to laparoscopic ligature stricture induction using retrograde ureteropyelography (RUPG). Experimental stricture was diagnosed 4 weeks after intervention, using RUPG and ultrasound, and treated by endoureterotomy and subsequent placement of a double pigtail ureteral stent, which was removed 6 weeks later. The study finished 4 weeks later with measurement of ureteral diameters using RPUG and ultrasound evaluation. Except in one case, all ureters displayed permanent dilation of the strictured area for 10 weeks after treatment (6 weeks with ureteral stent and 4 more weeks without stent). Finally, this technique proved to be effective in cases of short-length and short-living ureteral strictures, and represents a viable alternative to conventional surgery in animals.     

良种猪胴体性状分析及瘦肉率最佳预测模型筛选研究

选择6月龄左右阉割的良种瘦肉型商品猪72头,测瘦肉率、热胴体重、背膘厚度等指标,采用SAS8.2软件建立预测良种猪胴体瘦肉率不同变量的回归方程。结果表明,多元线性方程y=66.158-0.096 7 x1-0.232 4 x4-0.323 x7+0.2 x10能较好的拟合良种猪的胴体瘦肉率,6～7肋膘厚(x4)、腰荐膘厚(x7)、M厚度(x10)被选为瘦肉型良种商品猪分级时需要测量的3个指标。     

Modulation of porcine biotransformation enzymes by anthelmintic therapy with fenbendazole and flubendazole

Fenbendazole (FEN) and flubendazole (FLU) are benzimidazole anthelmintics often used in pig management for the control of nematodoses. The in vivo study presented here was designed to test the influence of FLU and FEN on cytochrome P4501A and other cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, UDP-glucuronosyl transferase and several carbonyl reducing enzymes. The results indicated that FEN (in a single therapeutic dose as well as in repeated therapeutic doses) caused significant induction of pig CYP1A, while FLU did not show an inductive effect towards this isoform. Some of the other hepatic and intestinal biotransformation enzymes that were assayed were moderately influenced by FEN or FLU. Strong CYP1A induction following FEN therapy in pigs may negatively affect the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of FEN itself or other simultaneously or consecutively administered drugs. From the perspective of biotransformation enzyme modulation, FLU would appear to be a more convenient anthelmintic therapy of pigs than FEN.     

Pathological and aetiological studies of multifocal interstitial nephritis in wasted pigs at slaughter

Multifocal interstitial nephritis in pigs has been associated with several infectious agents. The objective of the present study was to investigate several different potential infectious agents associated with "white-spotted" kidneys in pigs suffering from wasting at slaughter (aged 6-8 months). Twenty-nine case kidneys (with a "white-spotted" gross appearance) classified into 3 macroscopic lesional grades, and 15 control kidneys (lacking gross lesions), were obtained from a pig abattoir. Laboratory analyses to detect potential associations with the aforementioned pathological condition with Leptospira spp., porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine parvovirus (PPV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and bacteria, were carried out. Microscopically, interstitial nephritis with a lymphofollicular inflammatory pattern (follicular nephritis) was observed in both case and control kidneys, with a higher frequency seen in the former ones. No leptospires were identified, although antibodies to the Pomona and Bratislava serovars were detected. Some pyogenic bacteria were also isolated from both case and control kidneys. PCV2 nucleic acid was only detected in 1 case kidney. PRRSV antigen was not found in any tested sample. Some pigs were tested positive for PPV by serology. Apparently, none of the studied agents were specifically associated as being the potential cause of the renal lesions in the studied wasted pigs. The fact that these chronic lesions may have been the consequence of a previous infection with one of these studied microorganisms, or more, and eventually with other non-tested infectious agents during the growing-finishing period, cannot be ruled out.     

河南省部分中小型猪场种公猪猪瘟野毒感染的分子流行病学调查

[目的]了解河南省部分中小型猪场公猪精液中猪瘟野毒的感染状况。[方法]应用RT-PCR方法对河南省10个中小型猪场的58份种公猪精液进行了猪瘟野毒感染情况的调查。[结果]7个猪场的猪瘟野毒检测结果呈阳性,占总检测场数的70%;10份精液的猪瘟野毒检测结果呈阳性,样品阳性率为17.24%。[结论]河南省大部分中小型猪场存在种公猪猪瘟野毒感染的现象,且感染状况较为严重。     

中国家猪起源机制蠡测

本文重点阐述了我国家猪起源的两种不同动因——提供肉食与用来祭祀,并简要论述了我国猪类驯化的一般过程。     

呼和浩特市开通养猪场猪附红细胞体病的诊治

2010年3月至2010年6月以来,对呼和浩特市开通养猪场发生的疑似猪附红细胞体病从流行特征、临床症状、病理变化、血液学检查等方面进行了综合诊断,确诊为猪附红细胞体病。该猪场母猪、仔猪、育肥猪共有1674头,发病的和疑似患病的占到28.6%,即478头。通过治疗之后,治愈率达到94.8%(454头),死亡24头,占5.02%。     

Detection of porcine circovirus genotypes 2a and 2b in aborted foetuses from infected swine herds in the State of S?o Paulo,Brazil

Background

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) has been associated with several disease complexes, including reproductive failure. The aim of this study was to identify the subtypes of PCV2 that are associated with reproductive failure in pigs from the State of São Paulo, Brazil and to investigate co-infections with other infectious organisms.

Findings

Samples of 168 aborted foetuses or mummified foetuses from five farrow-to-finish swine farms known to be infected with PCV2 and located in the State of São Paulo were tested for PCV2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Positive samples were additionally tested for porcine parvovirus (PPV), Leptospira spp. and Brucella spp. by PCR. PCV2 was detected in 18 of the samples (10.7%). PPV, Brucella spp. and Leptospira spp were found in 2, 10 and 0 cases, respectively. Eleven PCV2 strains were sequenced and determined to be either genotype 2a (n = 1) or 2b (n = 10).

Conclusions

The findings indicate that the frequency of PCV2 infections in aborted porcine foetuses from the State of São Paulo is rather low (10.7%) and that co-infection with other pathogens is common and may be involved in PCV2 associated reproductive failure. No repeatable, characteristic amino acid motifs for regions of the PCV2 capsid protein seemed to be associated with abortion in sows.     

紫花苜蓿对高寒山区杂交猪育肥性能的影响

试验选择大白猪（加×美）二元杂种猪24头（仔猪3～4周龄断奶,保育到8周龄）,随机分为对照组、苜蓿Ⅰ组和苜蓿Ⅱ组,每组8头,分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮＋3%苜蓿、基础日粮＋6%苜蓿,试验期内在同一条件下进行饲养试验对其育肥性能、屠宰测定及肉质品质进行测定。试验结果表明：苜蓿Ⅰ组能够提高外二元猪育肥效果,苜蓿Ⅰ组和苜蓿Ⅱ组对背膘厚和皮厚也略有降低,添加3%和6%的苜蓿对其他屠宰性能及肉质品质影响不显著（P〉0.05）。由试验结果得出,在毕节高寒地区可以利用添加3%苜蓿比例的饲料对外二元杂交猪进行育肥。