光照强度对烤烟化学成分及物理特性的影响

对不同光照强度下烤后烟的矿质元素、主要化学成分、物理特性进行了分析。结果表明:氮、钾、钙、氯、铜、淀粉、还原糖含量,钾/氯,单叶重,叶质重,叶片厚度受光照强度影响较大;铁、锌、总糖含量,含梗率受光照强度影响次之;而磷、镁、平衡含水率受光照强度影响不显著;≥80%全光照适合优质烟叶的生产。     

Identification of QTLs Related to Bolting in Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis （syn. Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis）

A genetic linkage map of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis was constructed with 186 AFLP （amplified fragment length polymorphism） markers by using a doubled-haploid （DH） population with 183 individuals. The individuals were derived from F1 which was developed by crossing a bolting resistant DH line Y-177-12 and an easy bolting DH line Y195-93a. AFLPs were generated by the use of restriction enzymes EcoR Ⅰ and Mse Ⅰ . The segregation of each marker and linkage was analyzed by using JoinMap version 3.0. Mapped markers were aligned in ten linkage groups which covered 887.8 cM with an average marker interval of 4.47 cM. Markers showing skewed segregation ratio were clustered in six LGs. Quantitative trait loci （QTL） were mapped for bolting resistance by using MAPQTL 4.0 package. Four QTLs explaining from 7.0 to 9.4% of the total variation were detected, all of them increase bolting resistance. These mapped QTLs could be used to develop a marker assisted selection programme for bolting resistance breeding.     

不同相思树种根瘤菌理化特征研究

通过牛肉膏蛋白胨试验、柠檬酸盐利用试验、碳源利用试验、3-酮基乳糖试验、B.T. B反应试验及明胶水解试验等角度分析漳州中西国有林场6种相思树种根瘤茵生理及生化特征.研究结果表明:从生理特征上看.在牛肉膏蛋白胨试验中所有供试菌株都生长不良;所有供试菌株都能利用柠檬酸盐;灰木相思的碳源利用能力最强,而厚荚相思与马占相思碳源利用能力比较弱;马占相思及灰木相思可较充分利用木糖,卷荚相思、纹荚相思、薄荚相思可较充分利用半乳糖;从生化特性上看,除马占相思根瘤茵在YMA培养基上产碱外,其余相思树种菌株均产酸;卷荚相思及纹荚相思根瘤茵能产生蛋白分解酶,而其余相思树种根瘤茵则不能产生蛋白分解酶.     

家鸡冠型性状的微卫星标记连锁分析

 【目的】构建具有冠型性状记录的鸡F2资源群的2号染色体连锁图谱,并结合表型分析对调控鸡冠型性状的基因进行初步定位。【方法】通过测交选择豆冠冠型基因型纯合的吐鲁番斗公鸡2只和玫瑰冠冠型基因型纯合的玫瑰冠母鸡6只为亲本,采用F2代试验设计建立F2代资源群436只,参考EL（East Lansing）家系的遗传连锁图谱,在鸡2号染色体上筛选14对微卫星标记,运用MapMaker/EXP3.0软件初步构建此家系2号染色体遗传连锁图谱,同时运用LOD记分法进行鸡的冠型基因连锁分析。【结果】经χ2检验,F2资源群冠型分化比例符合经典孟德尔遗传学的独立分离规律。在连锁分析中除MCW0157外,其余13个微卫星标记均能连锁,所构建的鸡2号染色体连锁图谱与EL家系的遗传连锁图谱相似。【结论】鸡2号染色体上MCW0082位点与玫瑰冠冠型基因可能存在连锁。     

烟粉虱对LED-塑料杯的趋性规律研究

烟粉虱是世界性重要害虫之一,严重影响温室蔬菜和花卉以及大田作物的产量。利用自制的LED-塑料杯诱杀器研究烟粉虱的趋光规律。研究结果表明,烟粉虱对三种灯的趋性差异极显著,烟粉虱对甲、乙两种灯趋性较大;三种距离之间差异极显著,15 cm和60 cm对粉虱有很好的诱集效果;黏杀剂之间差异极显著,且黏杀剂1比2的效果好。LED-塑料杯对烟粉虱的诱捕作用最大可达44.4%。     

QTL Analysis of the Oil Content and the Hull Content in Brassica napus L.

The QTLs of the oil content and the hull content were analyzed in Brassica napus L. By constructing the linkage map. The F26 RIL population with 188 lines, derived from the cross of GH06 × P147, was used as the mapping population. The SRAP, SSR, AFLP, and TRAP markers were used to construct the linkage map, and the composite interval mapping (CIM) to identify the quantitative trait loci associated with the oil content and the hull content. 300 markers were integrated into 19 linkage groups, covering 1 248.5 cM in total. Seven QTLs were found to be responsible for the oil content with the single contribution to phenotypic variance ranging from 3.73 to 10.46%; four QTLs were found for the hull content with the single contribution to phenotypic variance ranging from 4.89 to 6.84%. The yellow-seeded Brassica napus L. Has the advantage of higher oil content and the hull content has a significant effect on the oil content. In addition, the SRAP marker is good for detecting QTL.     

黄瓜分子标记研究进展

从亲缘关系及遗传多样性、分子遗传图谱构建、基因定位以及分子标记辅助选择等4个方面对近年来在黄瓜分子标记研究工作取得的进展进行了综述,同时探讨了今后发展方向。     

不同土壤改良剂对松嫩平原盐碱土理化性质的影响

[目的]探讨不同改良剂组合对盐碱土的改良效果。[方法]利用正交和随机设计,通过田间试验,研究了石膏、粉煤灰及糠醛渣的组合对盐碱土改良作用及改良机理,并与单一改良剂的影响进行了比较。[结果]石膏、粉煤灰与糠醛渣都能降低盐碱土的容重,提高土壤的渗透速度和总孔隙度,但石膏的效果没有粉煤灰和糠醛渣好,而两两结合及三者结合比单施石膏、粉煤灰或者糠醛渣的效果更显著;施石膏、粉煤灰与糠醛渣均能显著降低盐碱土的pH值,促进Na+的淋洗,降低HCO3-的含量,提高SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+的含量,改善盐碱土土壤性质。[结论]石膏、粉煤灰与糠醛渣组合比单施石膏、粉煤灰与糠醛渣对盐碱土理化性质的改善效果更显著。     

禽传染性支气管炎病毒分离株理化特性的研究

[目的]探讨禽传染性支气管炎病毒河南分离株IBV-HN05对各种理化因素的敏感性。[方法]IBV-HN05经过热、酸碱、胰蛋白酶、乙醚、氯仿、甲醛等理化因素处理后接种10日龄非免疫鸡胚,以EID50或鸡胚矮化为判断指标,确定各种理化因素对IBV-HN05的敏感性。[结果]IBV-HN05在56℃温度条件下45 min可被灭活,耐酸碱,pH值2.5和10.5的环境能存活3 h,对浓度1%胰蛋白酶有一定的耐受性,浓度20%乙醚作用24 h能部分被灭活,浓度5%氯仿和浓度1%甲醛作用30 min即可灭活该病毒。[结论]IBV的理化特性因毒株的不同而异。     

小麦EST-SSR标记的开发和遗传作图

【目的】利用小麦EST序列数据库开发EST-SSR标记。【方法】对GenBank/dbEST注册的普通小麦EST序列(2006.4.18—2007.2.4)进行SSR查找,采用Primer5.0软件设计EST-SSR引物,选用3个小麦品种进行有效性检测,利用RIL群体和Mapmaker/Exp3.0软件进行遗传作图。【结果】在265362条普通小麦EST序列中,共发现6314个SSR,占整个EST数据库的2.38%。其中二核苷酸、三核苷酸重复序列最多,分别为2237(35.43%)和2084(33.01%)个。二核苷酸重复中,以GA/CT和AG/TC出现频率最高、分别占SSR总数的17.85%和10.37%,其次是CA/GT(4.07%)和AC/TG(2.53%);三核苷酸重复中,CAA/GTT(3.93%)、CGG/GCC(3.83%)、CGC/GCG(3.36%)、GGC/CCG(3.14%)、CTT/GAA(2.53%)、TGC/ACG(2.27%)以较高的频率出现。根据筛选得到的微卫星序列共设计了596个EST-SSR引物对,选择其中95分以上的194个合成。PCR检测表明,165个引物对(85%)可以扩增出稳定清晰的带型;在RIL群体中检测到21个EST-SSR引物26个位点有多态性,将其中的23个位点整合到已有的小麦遗传图谱上。【结论】开发了165个小麦EST-SSR新标记,EST序列是小麦SSR标记的重要来源。