Association between apolipoprotein E polymorphism and lipid metabolism in patients with cerebral infarction

AIM:To study the relationship between ApoE polymorphism and lipid metabolism of patients with cerebral infarction. METHODS:ApoE phenotype was determined in 110 patients with cerebral infarction and 60 normal controls by isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting. The TC, TG and HDL-C levels in serum of these subjects were measured with enzymes methods, ApoA I and ApoB levels with rocket immunoelectrophoresis methods, ApoE and Lp(a) levels with ELISA methods. RESULTS:The differences of the ApoE polymorphism distribution and ApoE allele frequencies (P＜0.05) occurred between two groups. The frequence of ApoE ε4 allele in patients with cerebral infarction was significantly higher than those in the normal controls (P＜0.05). However, ApoE 3/3 phenotypes was significantly lower (P＜0.05). Comparison of values of serum lipid with various ApoE phenotyoe among patients with cerebral infarction revealed that there was correlation between ApoE polymorphism and TC(P＜0.05), TG(P＜0.05), HDL-C(P＜0.05), LDL-C(P＜0.05), ApoA I(P＜0.05), ApoB(P＜0.05), ApoE(P＜0.05)and Lp(a)(P＜0.05). Patients carrying ε4 were associated with increased TC, LDL-C, ApoB and Lp(a), while those with ε2 were assiociated with decreased TC, LDL-C, and ApoB. Patients carrying ε2 were associated with increased TG, HDL-C, ApoAⅠ, and ApoE.CONCLUSIONS:ApoEε4 allele was associated with the development of cerebral infarction. ApoE polyphorphism affects lipid metabolism of cerebral infarction patients.     

The phenotypic-change characteristics of renal residential cells and its roles in the development of renal diseases

Increasing evidence has proved that phenotypic changes occured in residential renal cells during the process of renal diseases. The phenotypic change of mesangial cell plays a key role in the development of glomerular sclerosis, while the phenotypic changes of tubulo-interstitial cells have close relationship with the progress of interstitial fibrosis. Understandings of these phenotypic changes and their regulations may help us know better of the mechanism of renal diseases and find out ways to block the disease development.     

天峻县藏羊红细胞乳酸脱氢酶同工酶酶谱

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对100只天峻县藏羊红细胞乳酸脱氢酶（RBC-LDH）同工酶酶谱及多态性进行了研究。结果发现：①红细胞LDH同工酶总共有11条区带；②第1区带的电泳迁移率为51.4%，第11区带的电泳迁移率为24.5%；③红细胞LDH有两种电泳表型，96只羊为LDH I型，占96%，4只羊为LDHⅡ型，占4%。     

Domestication of Irvingia gabonensis: 2. The selection of multiple traits for potential cultivars from Cameroon and Nigeria.

Ten fruit and kernel traits were assessed in 24 fruits of each of 152Irvingia gabonensis trees in three distinct populations in west and central Africa [2 populations of non-planted trees in Cameroon: Nko'ovos II (21 trees) and Elig-Nkouma (31 trees) and 1 population of planted trees in Nigeria: Ugwuaji (100 trees)]. Strong relationships were found between fruit weight and other fruit traits (e.g. flesh weight[r ² = 0.99: P < 0.001],fruit length [r ² = 0.74–0.83:P < 0.001], fruit width[r ² = 0.77–0.88: P< 0.001]). In contrast, relationships between kernel weight and other kernel/nut traits (e.g. shell weight and nut weight) were found to be weak[r ² = 0.009–0.37, P =0.058–0.001], with the exception of nut weight at Nko'ovos II(r ² = 0.65, P < 0.001).Relations hips between fruit and kernel traits (fruit massv. kernel mass, fruit mass v. shell mass, flesh mass v. kernel mass, nut massv. fruit mass and flesh depth v.kernel mass) were found to be very weak. This indicates that domestication through the selection and vegetative propagation of multiple-trait superior phenotypes is unlikely to be able to combine good fruit characteristics and good kernel characteristics within cultivars. Consequently, domestication activities should independently focus on ideotypes representing: 'fresh fruit' traits, and 'kernel' traits, that combine high values of the different fruit and kernel characteristics respectively. Evidence from this study indicates that selection of the three trees closest to the fruit ideotype per village as the mother plants for vegetative propagation and cultivar development, should give village level gains of 1.3 – 2-fold in fruit mass, and up to 1.5-fold in taste. Similarly for the kernel ideotype, selection of the three trees with the best fit would give potential gains in kernel mass of 1.4 – 1.6-fold. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Effect of 27nt-miRNA on regulation of SM22α expression in vascular smooth muscle cells and its effect on cell viability,migration and phenotypic changes

AIM:To investigate the effect of 27nt-microRNA (27nt-miRNA) on the expression of smooth muscle 22α protein (SM22α) and the cell viability, migration and phenotypic changes of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS:The highly expression plasmids of 27nt-miRNA, and anti-27nt-miRNA and negative control plasmids were constructed, packaged with lentivirus and transfected into the rat primary VSMCs. Platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) was added to induce VSMCs phenotype conversion. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The migration ability was detected by scratch assay. The mRNA and protein expression of SM22α was determined by RT-PCR, immunocytochemical staining and Western blot. RESULTS:Compared with normal group, the cell viability in PDGF-BB group was increased (P<0.05), the migration ability was increased (P<0.05) and the expression of SM22α at mRNA and protein level was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with negative control lentiviral group, the cell viability in 27nt-miRNA over-expression group was decreased (P<0.05), the migration ability was decreased (P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression of SM22α was increased (P<0.05). While in anti-27nt-miRNA group, the cell viability was increased(P<0.05), the migration ability was increased (P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression of SM22α was decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:27nt-miRNA significantly increases the expression of SM22α, while inhibits the viability and migration ability of VSMCs, and inhibits its phenotypic shift from contractile to synthetic.     

生物与环境关系的公式

公式 G+E-P-G+E 及其变化所显示的螺旋式上升过程,以精炼的形式总结描述了生物和环境关系丰富的内容与体现在形态学、生理学、遗传学、生态学、群落学、进化学上的基本规律,并进一步揭示了突变与获得性相互关系新的研究方向。     

Effect of hypoxia on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and phenotype of cardiac fibroblasts

AIM:To investigate effect of hypoxia on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and phenotype of cardiac fibroblasts(CFs). METHODS:The purified cardiac fibroblasts were cultured and divided randomly into there groups :control group, moderate hypoxia(MH) group and severe hypoxia(SH) group. After 72 h, MTT method was used to investigate the proliferation of CFs, and the ultrastructure of fibroblasts were observed with transmission electron microscopy. The expression of PCNA and α-actin in cardiac fibroblasts were measured by the means of immunohistochemistry and laser scanning confocal microscopy, respectively. RESULTS: MTT A_{490 nm}value of MH group was significantly higher than that of control group by (18.4±25.0)% (P＜0.05), whereas MTT A_{490 nm} value of MH group was significantly lower than that of control group by (15.8±25.0)% (P＜0.05).The immunohistochemistry experiment showed that there was basal PCNA expression in control CFs, and it was increased in MH CFs(P＜0.05 vs control group), but there was no significant difference between SH and control CFs. Observed with transmission electron microscopy, the control CFs had typical phenotype of fibroblasts: shuttle-shaped, abundant rough endoplasmic reticulums (RER) and golgi complexes, but few mitochondria or micromyofilaments in cytoplasm. After MH for 72 h, there appeared lots of micromyofilaments in cytoplasm, but there were little micromyofilaments in SH CFs. Observed with laser confocal scanning microscopy, there was lower expression of α-actin in CFs of control group, while many regular bundles of micromyofilaments and the expression of α-actin were signifiantly increased (P＜0.05 vs control group) in CFs treated with MH. The α-actin expression in severe hypoxia CFs was not significantly different from control group. CONCLUSION:MH made CFs have the characteristics of myofibroblasts phenotype and enhanced PCNA expression.     

江苏二棱大麦农艺、籽粒和品质性状的特征及其相关性分析

为了解江苏二棱大麦表型性状特征及其相关性,以1989年以来江苏省审定/认定的32份二棱大麦品种(系)为材料,在江苏沿海地区对其3个农艺性状(株高、穗长、穗粒数)、7个籽粒性状(粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比、长厚比、宽厚比、千粒重)和6个品质性状(直链淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量/直链淀粉含量、淀粉含量、蛋白质含量和β-葡聚糖含量)进行分析.结果表明,在农艺、籽粒和品质性状中,籽粒性状的变异系数最小,变化范围为3.91％～9.13％;品质性状的变异系数最高,变化范围为8.56％～36.21％.经相关性分析,同类性状间相关性达到显著水平的较多,而不同类别性状间较少;穗长、穗粒数和籽粒长宽比在不同育种阶段的大麦品种(系)间差异显著.通过综合聚类分析,32份大麦品种(系)被分成三类,三类品种(系)间株高、支链淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量/直链淀粉含量、淀粉含量差异显著.     

甘蓝型油菜与野生芥菜型油菜杂交子代的遗传分析

[目的]分析甘蓝型油菜与野生芥菜型油菜杂交子代的性状遗传。[方法]选用1个甘蓝型油菜种（湘油15号,编号138）与2个野生芥菜型油菜品系（编号153和154）作为试材,进行正反杂交并获得了杂交种子。对杂种F1、F2代的发芽率、叶片大小及形状、株高、花粉育性、籽粒颜色等性状进行了分析。[结果]芥甘杂交较易获得杂交种子,F1代种子发芽率、成苗率及花粉育性均相对较高,平均株高低于双亲;而甘芥杂交较难获得杂种,且F1代自交亲和性差,结实率低,平均株高介于双亲之间;不论正反交,F1代营养生长优势和叶形母本效应明显,F2代株高出现明显分离,呈正态分布,未获得黄籽品系。[结论]为将甘芥杂交子代进一步应用于油菜遗传育种与品质改良提供了理论依据。     

Effects of She xiang bao xin wan (SXBXW) on phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: To observe the effects of She xiang bao xin wan (SXBXW) of Chinese patent drug on the phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells.METHODS: The vascular smooth muscle cell line RASMC P8 was used as the cell model in this experiment. The cells were treated with SXBXW at the doses of 0.25 g/L, 0.50 g/L, 1.0 g/L and 2.0 g/L, respectively, and control cells were treated with the same volume of culture medium without SXBXW. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC), which served as specific molecular markers of vascular smooth muscle contraction in RASMC P8 cells, was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentages of α-SMA and SM-MHC negative cells in SXBXW treated groups were lower than those in control group. Meanwhile, the percentages of α-SMA and SM-MHC positive cells were increased in RASMC P8 cells treated with SXBXW, indicating that SXBXW prompted the transformation of RASMC P8 cells from synthetic to contractile phenotype.CONCLUSION: Chinese patent drug SXBXW plays a role in transforming the cell phenotype from synthetic to the contraction in vascular smooth muscle.