四川野生扁穗牛鞭草过氧化物酶同工酶分析

对四川的22份野生扁穗牛鞭草进行过氧化物酶同工酶分析,结果表明:(1)与品种“广益”、“重高”相比,野生材料有较丰富的遗传多样性;(2)Rf=0.069、0.610、0.937三条带是所有材料共有的,但是否为扁穗牛鞭草的特征带尚需要进一步研究;(3)聚类分析结果表明,来源相同、生境相似的野生材料的亲缘关系较近,但来源相同、生境不同的材料的酶谱有较大差异。     

Differential structure and physiological response to canker challenge between ‘Meiwa’ kumquat and ‘Newhall’ navel orange with contrasting resistance

Asiatic citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is one of the most detrimental diseases affecting citrus production. ‘Meiwa’ kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia) and ‘Newhall’ navel orange (Citrus sinensis) are two genotypes with contrasting Xcc resistance. In the current study, efforts were made to perform pairwise comparison between them in terms of structural difference and biochemical response to Xcc attack. Pinprick inoculation demonstrated that ‘Meiwa’ had lower disease incidence rate and smaller lesion size, concurrent with significantly less bacterial number at the inoculation sites relative to ‘Newhall’. Microscopic observation demonstrated that stomatal density and size of ‘Meiwa’ were significantly smaller than ‘Newhall’. Stomatal apertures of ‘Meiwa’ were smaller than ‘Newhall’ measured at 2 h after their leaves were immersed in Xcc suspension, consistent with the bacteria number in the internal tissues counted at 4 d. Epicuticular wax content of ‘Meiwa’ was significantly higher than that of ‘Newhall’, while no difference in palisade and spongy tissue was observed between them. Enzymatic activity assay showed that after Xcc inoculation, ‘Meiwa’ exhibited significantly higher activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) in comparison with ‘Newhall’ at most of the sampling time points. Our data showed that the two genotypes with contrasting Xcc resistance exhibited clear difference in the structure and physiological response, which may provide information to facilitate our understanding of Xcc resistance.     

大豆抗源抗SCN过程中POD酶动态分析

能动地大豆抗源抗孢囊线虫（ＳＣＮ）过程中过的氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）活性和酶谱的变化研究,探讨了大豆抗源在抗病过程中是通过提高体内ＰＯＤ酶活性来抵御ＳＣＮ的侵染,抗源品种ＰＯＤ活性和酶谱呈动态变化。在侵染高峰期（３０￣３５ｄ）,高抗抗原体内ＰＯＤ酶活性最强,酶谱着色较深;而感病品种在侵染高峰期ＰＯＤ酶活性降至最低值,且一些酶带受损以至消失。另外,证实了ＰＯＤ酶在抗病过程中参与木质素的合成。抗病过程中酶活     

棉花雄性不育“三系”过氧化物酶同工酶等电聚焦电泳分析

通过等电聚焦电泳,在 pH4—6区间显示出棉花质核雄性不育系、保持系、恢复系在子叶、真叶、茎、花药等部位中共有20种不同的过氧化物酶同工酶带,其中有4条为这4种部位所共有。同时,叶片、茎、花药都各有其专一酶带。供试的“三系”在同一部位中均具有一些相同的基本酶带,相同系间差异较小,表现出它们有着某些基本一致的遗传背     

少果悬铃木遗传分析初步

通过对合肥等地选育出的一球悬铃木少果植株和正常结果植株的体细胞染色体组型分析和过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱分析,找出了两者遗传上的差异。     

西瓜F_1代杂交种及其亲本种子幼苗体酶的遗传分析

侧重分析了安徽省杂交西瓜在制种和生产上面积较大６个组合如新澄、新红宝、郑杂五号、金钟冠龙、皖杂一号和聚宝一号及其亲本种子幼苗体内的酯酶和过氧化物同工酶的组成情况和遗传特性。结果表明：１）６个组合中,除金钟冠龙外,其他５个组合的父本间和母本间酯酶酶谱表现相似;但每个组合父、母本间均存在差异。２）６个组合的Ｆ１代杂交种酯酶酶谱表现为母本不完全显性。３）除郑杂五号外,其他５个组合的Ｆ１代杂交种过氧化物酶谱和其父、母本间表现相似。另讨论了用酯酶同工酶筛选亲本组配杂交种和预测杂种优势的可行性。     

Relationships among peripheral eosinophilia, eosinophil peroxidase activity, interleukin-5 concentration and faecal nematode egg count during natural, mixed gastrointestinal nematode infection

A longitudinal study of sheep, naturally infected with gastrointestinal helminths, was carried out to quantify the relationships among eosinophilia, eosinophil peroxidase activity, interleukin-5 level and faecal egg counts. Faecal egg counts, peripheral eosinophilia and peroxidase activity per eosinophil were moderately repeatable but interleukin-5 concentrations had a remarkably high repeatability. Animals with higher concentrations of interleukin-5 had greater peripheral eosinophilia and those animals with higher numbers of eosinophils had lower faecal egg counts. These associations were statistically significant but quite weak. Variation in interleukin-5 levels does not appear to be responsible for most of the variation in eosinophil responses in outbred sheep.     

重铬酸钾胁迫对植物根尖细胞的损伤

研究了重铬酸钾对植物根尖细胞的损伤。实验结果表明，重铬酸钾可以抑制植物幼苗的生长，引起植物根尖细胞ＤＮＡ的损伤和导致细胞的超微结构发生改变，此外，过氧化物酶同工酶谱的带型经重铬酸诱导后也呈现很大变化。以上诸变化与处理的重铬酸钾浓度和处理的时间长短密切相关。     

DEHP胁迫对高/低累积邻苯二甲酸酯品种水稻抗氧化酶系统的影响

以前期筛选获得的邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)高/低累积基因型水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种(培杂泰丰/丰优丝苗)进行土培试验,对比研究邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)污染胁迫下2个品种水稻体内过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量变化,以揭示DEHP胁迫下2个品种的生理生化和DEHP累积差异。结果显示,2个品种水稻体内DEHP含量随土壤污染浓度增加而增加,但生物量下降,而且培杂泰丰地上部的生物量敏感性响应指数和DEHP含量比丰优丝苗的高,说明前者对DEHP的耐受性更强。2个品种水稻体内丙二醛含量基本保持不变,但过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性则随土壤DEHP浓度的增加而升高,说明水稻可能通过提高过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性以降低DEHP胁迫。丰优丝苗的多酚氧化酶活性较培杂泰丰的高,可能影响到DEHP在水稻体内降解进而导致前者体内DEHP含量较低。     

植物激活蛋白对玉米抗病相关酶活性的影响

以稀释1000倍的植物激活蛋白粗提液处理玉米,以稀释1000倍的pH6.8磷酸缓冲液作对照,分别在处理后1、4、7、10、13和16d测定了玉米中苯丙氨酸解氨酶、过氧化物酶、几丁质酶和多酚氧化酶活性。结果表明:在不同时期处理后4种酶活性比对照有所提高,说明植物激活蛋白能诱导玉米抗病性。