多效唑的不同喷施时间对甘薯生长发育和产量的影响研究

以徐薯22为试验材料,按照喷施时间设置4个处理,研究多效唑的不同喷施时间对甘薯生长发育和产量的影响研究.结果表明:喷施多效唑能有效提高甘薯的基部分枝数,抑制甘薯主蔓生长,降低主蔓长度,同时抑制甘薯地上部茎叶生长,控制单株藤叶重量,提高单株鲜薯重,从而提高甘薯的经济产量,并能有效提高甘薯烘干率,且均表现为封垄后喷施的时间越早,效果越明显.     

多效唑对温棚葡萄生长和结果的影响

对塑料大棚内栽培的京亚和矢富罗莎葡萄进行叶面喷施多效唑的试验,结果表明:在葡萄开花前7d,对京亚葡萄喷150～250倍15%多效唑液,可提高坐果率、控制新梢旺长、促进花芽分化、增加果穗重量、提高可溶性固形物含量,且果粒大小和成熟期不受影响;在矢富罗莎葡萄上喷250倍的多效唑液效果较好,浓度过大时副作用较大.     

多效唑对酸雨胁迫下龙眼幼苗生理特性的影响

[目的]研究酸雨胁迫下多效唑对龙眼幼苗生理特性的影响,为改善龙眼的抗性提供科学依据。[方法]研究不同浓度多效唑(0、100、200、300、400和500 mg/L)对酸雨胁迫下龙眼幼苗叶片丙二醛含量、电解质渗漏率、光合色素含量、抗氧化酶活性等生理特性的影响。[结果]龙眼幼苗喷施一定浓度多效唑能减少酸雨胁迫时丙二醛的积累和电解质渗漏率;多效唑能够激活龙眼幼苗叶片的SOD、POD和CAT活性,减轻膜脂过氧化作用;多效唑减缓龙眼幼苗叶片叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的分解,降低蒸腾速率,提高气孔导度和净光合速率,提高叶片中可溶性糖和蛋白质含量。[结论]多效唑通过激活龙眼叶片抗氧化酶活性,减轻氧化胁迫,缓解酸雨胁迫下的生理效应;300 mg/L多效唑是缓解龙眼幼苗酸雨胁迫的适宜浓度。     

多效唑喷施浓度及时期对谷子性状及品质的影响

摘 要：为探明多效唑对谷子优质品种‘晋谷21号’的调控效果,提高‘晋谷21号’的抗逆性能,在3叶期、6叶期、9叶期三个时期,以0.2%、0.3%、0.4%、0.5%、0.6% 五个浓度作了喷施多效唑试验。结果表明：喷施多效唑后,对‘晋谷21号’谷子下部节间长度（1~9节）有明显的抑制作用,并减少节间数量,使株高明显降低;喷多效唑的最佳时期为谷子出苗后9叶期;喷施多效唑的最佳浓度为0.4%~0.5%;喷施多效唑后不会影响‘晋谷21号’的谷子产量和小米品质。     

Effect of silvicultural treatments on growth,fertility and capsule traits in seedling seed orchards of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Eucalyptus camaldulensis</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">E. tereticornis</Emphasis>

The effects of nutritional treatments and the flowering promoter Paclobutrazol™ on tree growth and fertility were studied in unpedigreed seedling seed orchards (SSOs) of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and E. tereticornis at two locations in southern India. At Pudukkottai, a semi-arid site in Tamil Nadu State, five treatments were applied: (1) untreated control, (2) nitrogen (two doses of urea at 217 g N/tree), (3) nitrogen plus phosphorus (two doses of 312 g single superphosphate), potassium (two doses of 83 g muriate of potash) and trace elements (two doses of 10 g sodium borate and 25 g zinc sulphate), (4) pollarding trees at 4 m height with application of N, P, K and trace elements, (5) drenching with the flowering promoter Paclobutrazol (0.25 ml active ingredient per cm of stem girth) along with N, P, K and trace elements. At Panampalli, a higher-rainfall site in Kerala State, only treatments 1, 2 and 3 were applied. Four replicates of treatment plots sized 18 m × 18 m, with 22–32 trees per plot were set up in each orchard in randomized complete block designs. Untreated plots of E. camaldulensis and E. tereticornis at Pudukkottai displayed 12 and 21% fertile trees, respectively, in the first year of monitoring, while at Panampally the percentage of fertile trees in untreated E. camaldulensis plots was higher at 72%, and that of E. tereticornis similar at 23%. Both species attained greater stem diameter at breast height at age 9 years at the higher-rainfall location but there was no significant impact of fertilizer application on 9-year diameter at either site. Diameter was reduced by pollarding and Paclobutrazol application at Pudukkottai. Only Paclobutrazol produced a significant increase in fertility in both species for four successive years, increasing the percentage of fertile trees to 59 and 71%, respectively, for E. camaldulensis and E. tereticornis 1 year after application. The number of capsules produced per tree also increased significantly with Paclobutrazol application, although the difference was comparatively less by the fourth year. The number of capsules per umbel did not differ significantly between locations, whereas the germination rate varied between treatments although no consistent trends were observed.     

生长延缓剂对槟榔苗期叶绿素含量与叶绿素荧光参数的影响

为探讨生长延缓剂对槟榔苗期矮壮的光合特性。于2006年6-11月以移栽45天后海南槟榔为材料,通过喷施250mg/L与500mg/L多效唑、40mg/L和80 mg/L烯效唑及清水5个处理,研究其对槟榔苗期叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明：喷施多效唑与烯效唑均能显著增加苗期槟榔叶绿素含量,且使叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fo,Fv/Fm,qP显著增加,而降低qN、NPQ非光化学猝灭系数,并以250mg/L多效唑处理效果较明显。说明适当浓度的多效唑处理可增加PSII反应中心开放比例,推动光合电子传递,提高槟榔叶片光合性能,起到壮苗目的。     

多效唑对番茄穴盘育苗质量的影响

研究不同时期及不同浓度多效唑处理对番茄穴盘育苗质量的影响。结果表明:处理时期以一叶一心期壮苗效果最佳,其次是二叶一心期,子叶期处理效果较差;多效唑浓度以100～200mg/L为宜,各期400mg/L处理壮苗指数均有所下降,600mg/L处理下的幼苗出现明显药害。     

多效唑对绿篱植物大叶黄杨的矮化效果及经济效益分析

[目的]为绿篱植物大叶黄杨探索节约型的化学修剪新途径。[方法]研究不同浓度多效唑对大叶黄杨的矮化效果和经济效益的影响。[结果]单一大叶黄杨绿篱以浓度为6667mg／kg多效唑、用药量500ml／m^2、喷施3次的处理最佳;使用该技术全年节约成本约4．6元／m^2。[结论]绿篱植物大叶黄杨喷施一定剂量多效唑可以代替人工修剪,经济效益和景观效益显著。     

多效唑对金柿产量及生长发育的影响

【目的】探讨柿树矮化密植、早果丰产技术。【方法】于柿树生长期喷施不同浓度的多效唑（pp333）,分析多效唑对金柿产量及生长发育的影响。【结果】叶面喷施多效唑对金柿平均单株产量、坐果率、果枝率、成枝率均有显著影响。多效唑可极显著地抑制其营养生长,促进坐果,提高产量。其中以800mg／kg处理浓度效果最佳。【结论】喷施浓度800mg／kg多效唑可以有效抑制金柿营养生长,提高产量。     

青霉素和多效唑对西葫芦陈种子发芽及田间成苗的影响

[目的]为西葫芦的高产栽培提供理论依据。[方法]选用已经保存4年的西葫芦品种西葫芦1号种子为供试材料,用不同浓度的青霉素、多效唑进行浸种处理,并采用青霉素200 mg/L分别和不同浓度多效唑混配处理,以清水为对照,进行室内发芽和田间种植试验,研究青霉素和多效唑对西葫芦陈种子发芽及田间成苗的影响。[结果]用青霉素200 mg/L、多效唑500 mg/L处理对西葫芦种子发芽率、幼苗根系活力、叶片叶绿素含量和田间成苗效果较好,二者复配青霉素200 mg/L＋多效唑500 mg/L处理效果最好,与对照差异达到显著水平。[结论]选择适宜浓度的青霉素、多效唑以及二者复配,可促进西葫芦种子新陈代谢系统的修复和恢复,使幼苗达到正常常规种子生长的指标,建议在农业生产实践中应用。