脂肪型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因多态性与鸡肉品质性状的关系研究

采用PCR-SSCP技术分析了A-FABP基因在北京油鸡、矮脚鸡、泰和乌骨鸡、崇仁麻鸡、鹿苑鸡、霞烟鸡等6个地方品种鸡和AA肉鸡中的多态性,发现的3个多态位点的基因型频率和等位基因频率在不同品种之间存在显著差异。测序分析表明：多态位点的产生分别是由碱基C→T、G→A以及C→T的变异引起的。在北京油鸡、矮脚鸡群体中对各多态位点不同基因型与体重、肌内脂肪、腹脂率等脂肪相关性状进行关联分析,结果显示不同基因型间在部分肉品质相关性状上差异显著。     

母猪FSHβ基因多态与乳头数的关系研究

用PCR SSCP法对 152头姜曲海母猪的FSHβ基因进行了分型 ,分析了NN、Nn和nn 3种不同基因型母猪的乳头数差异。结果表明 ,NN、Nn和nn基因型母猪的左乳头数分别为 8 733± 0 743 ,9 182± 0 72 4和 9 2 0 0± 0 756 ,右乳头数分别为 9 0 33± 0 850 ,9 2 0 0± 0 931和 9 30 0± 0 971,总乳头数分别为 17 766± 1 0 82 ,18 382± 1 0 98和 18 50 0± 1 177,Nn基因型母猪中左右乳头数不对称个体比例明显高于另外 2种基因型的比例。另外 ,对于以上 3性状 ,n基因的加性替代效应值分别为 0 2 4 8(P <0 0 5) ,0 183 (P <0 0 1)和 0 4 16 (P <0 0 5) ,左乳头数和总乳头数的显性效应值分别为 0 2 16(P <0 0 1)和 0 2 4 8(P <0 0 1)。结果说明FSHβ基因对乳头数的影响符合加性 显性遗传模式     

绵羊BMP15基因FecXL突变的检测

【目的】旨在寻找与产羔数相关的遗传标记,为绵羊高繁殖力的标记辅助选择提供科学依据。【方法】以控制Lacaune绵羊高繁殖力的骨形态发生蛋白15(bonemorphogenetic protein15,BMP15)基因为候选基因,采用PCR-SSCP方法在绵羊(Ovisaries)高繁殖力品种(小尾寒羊和湖羊)和低繁殖力品种(多赛特、特克塞尔、考力代、杜泊、南非肉用美利奴和中国美利奴绵羊)中检测BMP15基因的FecXL突变,同时研究该基因突变对小尾寒羊和湖羊高繁殖力的影响。【结果】这8个绵羊品种都没有发生与Lacaune绵羊相同的FecXL突变(C53Y)。【结论】BMP15基因中影响Lacaune绵羊高繁殖力的突变位点对小尾寒羊和湖羊的高繁殖力都没有显著影响。     

The Correlation Between Polymorphisms of Exon1 and Exon4 of DRB1 Gene and Brucellosis in Kazakh Sheep

The purpose of this experiment was to study the correlation between exon 1 and 4 polymorphisms of DRB1 gene and brucellosis in Kazakh sheep.Using RBPT serological tests to try sheep serum,reference in GenBank sheep MHC Class Ⅱ area DRB1 gene sequences (Accession No.:NC_040271.1),the exon 1 and 4 pieces designed primers,using PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing technology to 230 Kazak sheep DRB1 gene polymorphism detection,analyze its polymorphism loci and the relationship between the Kazak sheep Brucella susceptibility.The results showed that 66 Kazakh sheep were positive for Brucella in RBPT test,and the positive detection rate was 28.7%.There was one SNP locus (F1-G22A) in exon 1 fragment,and sequencing determined two genotypes (GG and GA),the dominant allele and genotype were G and GG respectively,and the susceptibility genotype of the polymorphisms of F1-G22A was GA.Chi-square test showed that there was no significant correlation between the polymorphisms of DRB1 gene F1-G22A and Brucella susceptibility in Kazakh sheep (P>0.05).According to the analysis of bioinformatics online software,the F1-G22A polymorphic sites lead to the change of RNA secondary structure and the decrease of minimum free energy,and lead to the change of protein secondary structure.No SNPs were found in DRB1 exon 4 fragment.Therefore,there might be a certain correlation between the polymorphisms of DRB1 gene F1-G22A and Brucella susceptibility in Kazakh sheep.     

鸭ApoVLDL-Ⅱ基因第1内含子多态性及其遗传效应

以褐色菜鸭为材料,对其ApoVLDL-Ⅱ基因第1内含子进行PCR-SSCP检测,分析其多态性及遗传效应.结果表明,在ApoVLDL-Ⅱ基因第1内含子检测到多态性,存在BB、Bb和bb 3种基因型,序列比对发现存在T374C、C379T和T390G 3个单核苷酸多态位点,该位点属中度多态,并处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05).关联分析显示,bb基因型个体的蛋重极显著高于BB型(P<0.01),bb基因型个体的蛋白重显著高于BB型(P<0.05).推测该片段的多态位点可能对褐色菜鸭蛋重和蛋白重有一定的影响.     

巢湖麻鸭MSTN基因单核苷酸多态性与体重和屠体性状的关联分析

应用聚合酶链式反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)的方法,检测巢湖麻鸭公母群体共144只个体MSTN基因外显子3和内含子2的SNPs位点,分析SNPs与8周龄体重、12周龄体重和屠宰性能(胸肌率、腿肌率)的关联性。结果表明,在外显子3（6375 bp）检测到G/A突变,形成3种基因型,分别为AA、AB和BB型,公鸭群体中AA型胸肌率显著高于BB型 (P<0.05);母鸭中AB型胸肌率显著高于AA型和BB型 (P<0.05), AA型腿肌率显著高于BB型(P<0.05);各基因型间体重差异不显著(P>0.05)。内含子2（5264 bp）检测到T/C突变,产生的3种基因型分别为DD、DE和EE型,各基因型间体重和屠宰性能差异均不显著(P>0.05); 合并基因型结果显示,ABDD型母鸭胸肌率显著高于AADD型(P<0.05)并且极显著高于AAEE型和BBDD型(P<0.01),ABDD型母鸭腿肌率显著高于BBDD型母鸭(P<0.05);公鸭在各周龄体重上均显著或极显著高于母鸭,但在屠宰性能上普遍显著低于母鸭。综合以上研究结果,巢湖麻鸭公鸭早期生长速度快于母鸭,母鸭ABDD基因型表现出较高的屠宰性能。     

济宁青山羊高繁殖力候选基因类固醇21-羟化酶基因(CYP21)的研究

采用PCR-SSCP和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)技术检测类固醇21-羟化酶基因(steroid 21-hydroxylase,CYP21)10个外显子在山羊(Capra hircus)低繁殖力品种(安哥拉山羊和内蒙古绒山羊)、中等繁殖力品种(波尔山羊)和高繁殖力品种(济宁青山羊)中的碱基变异,同时研究该基因对济宁青山羊高繁殖力的影响.结果表明,10对引物中仅引物P10扩增片段存在多态性.对于P10扩增产物,在内蒙古绒山羊、波尔山羊和济宁青山羊中检测到AA、AB和BB基因型,在安哥拉山羊中检测到AA和AB基因型;测序分析发现,BB与AA基因型相比发生了A2789C、C2791A、G2818A、G2851C、G2852T和G2854A的突变,在第2821与2 822位发生了两个碱基CG的缺失突变,导致426～448位共有19个氨基酸发生改变;济宁青山羊BB和AB基因型产羔数最小二乘均值分别比AA基因型的多0.81只(P＜0.05)和0.47只(P＜0.05),BB和AB基因型之间差异不显著(P＜0.05).研究结果初步表明CYP21基因的B等位基因是提高山羊产羔数的一个潜在有效的DNA标记.     

奶山羊CSN1S3基因多态性与经济性状的关联分析

利用PCR-SSCP和PCR-RFLP技术对708只西农萨能(268)和关中奶山羊群体(440)的CSN1S2基因的多态性及其与经济性状的相关性进行了研究.结果表明.在西农萨能和关中奶山羊群体中,仅发现CSN1S3基因存在A和F等位基因,其频率分别为0.79/0.21和0.74/0.26.关联分析发现,F等位基因与奶山羊的体尺性状(体高、体长、胸围)和第1、2胎的产奶量无显著相关,F等位基因与乳中的脂肪含量和总乳固体含量成正相关(P＜0.05),而与其他的奶成分、pH值、乳密度无显著性相关.     

Polymorphism Analysis of the Agouti-related Protein Gene Exon Ⅰof Quail

The poultry feather color inheritance has been a hot research topic, because the feather color is a kind of important quality character.In this study, we used polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to detect the polymorphisms of four quail populations of different feather color (China Yellow quail, Black quail, Korean quail, Beijing White quail) of agouti-related protein gene (Agrp) exon Ⅰ, so as to investigate the relationship of Agrp exon I with quail plumage color, and to provide reference for the breeding and production of quail.The results showed that two alleles were detected in the Agrp exon Ⅰ of China Yellow quail, Black quail, Korean quail, Beijing White quail populations,and expressed by A and B, respectively. Frequency of allele A in Beijing White quail was up to 0.9500. The frequency of B allele in Korean quail was the highest, reaching 0.3392, in Beijing White quail genes in the lowest frequency is only 0.0500. The genotype frequency of AA genotype in Beijing White quail was the highest (0.9500), the lowest in Korean quail and Black quail (0.4286). BB genotype was not observed in Beijing White quail. We speculated that it may have a certain relationship between Agrp exon Ⅰ B allele and feather color of quail.