中国拟犁沟茧蜂属一新种记述（膜翅目：茧蜂科：软节茧蜂亚科）

报道了我国云南西双版纳发现的拟犁沟茧蜂属Aulosaphoides一新种——版纳拟犁沟茧蜂A．bannaensis，sp．nov．，并建立了该属中国已知4种的分种检索表．新种模式标本保存于福建农林大学植物保护学院益虫研究室．     

Invasion genetics of alien insect pests in China: Research progress and future prospects

An unwelcome side effect of the globalization of the world's economy and dramatic increase in human mobility and trade has been a marked increase in species invasions that have posed severe threats to the ecological, economic, and/or social stability of the introduced regions. In this review, we analyzed the application of molecular markers in invasion genetics of invasive alien insect pests (IAIPs) in China based on a bibliometric survey. Our report discusses the considerable progress that has been made during the past two decades in understanding the invasion genetics of IAIPs in China. We reviewed the major findings in the main topics including the effects of origin and routes of invasion on genetic structure, spatial and temporal genetic changes, factors contributing to the genetic changes of IAIPs, and genetic mechanisms involved in IAIPs' invasions. On the other hand, some of these research areas remain relatively unexplored in China, especially those pertaining to spatial and temporal genetic changes of IAIPs and genetic mechanisms of IAIPs' invasions. Finally, the future research prospects of IAIPs in China are discussed. We hope this review will stimulate an interest in and provide an increased understanding of the field of invasion genetics of IAIPs in China, and provide a basis for future research in this area.     

中国东北地区的立木腐朽菌

简要论述了中国东北地区的立木腐朽菌,共报道危害活立木的木腐菌４９种,对每个种的寄主、腐朽类型及分布进行了报道,它们中多数造成白色腐朽,少数导致褐色腐朽,其中在我国首次报道为森林病原菌的种类有：白黄小薄孔菌Ａｎｔｒｏｄｉｅｌｌａ ａｌｂｏｃｉｎｎａｍｏｍｅａ,奥氏蜜环菌Ａｒｍｉｌｌａｒｉａ ａｓｔｏｙａｅ,亚黑管孔菌Ｂｊｅｒｋａｎｄｅｒａ ｆｕｍｏｓａ,硬栓孔菌Ｆｕｎａｌｉａ ｔｒａｇｉｉ,小孔异担     

铵态氮源和碳源对土壤N2O、CO2释放的影响

在田间持水量WFPS为70%、温度为20℃的条件下,通过室内静态培养方法研究铵态氮源与不同碳源结合,对华北平原典型小麦-玉米轮作体系土壤N₂O、CO₂释放的影响。其中,碳源种类分别为葡萄糖、果胶、淀粉、纤维素、木质素和秸秆。结果表明添加葡萄糖和果胶有效促进了土壤N₂O的释放,并在第1 d达到最大值,分别为4039.85 μg N₂O-N·kg^-1·d^-1和2533.44 μg N₂O-N·kg^-1·d^-1;添加纤维素和只施秸秆处理降低了N₂O释放。施入碳源增加了CO₂释放,顺序为纤维素> 淀粉> 葡萄糖> 果胶> 秸秆> 木质素。培养结束后土壤中铵态氮几乎消耗完全,除添加葡萄糖处理外,其他施碳土壤的硝态氮含量均有所增加。在培养前3 d,土壤NH₄⁺和NO₃^-总含量与N₂O释放量显著相关。     

东海带鱼年龄与生长的研究

本文利用2002年12月～2004年8月在东海中北部(27°～34°N、126°E以西)所获取的带鱼渔获样品,共采集788ind,每月对带鱼矢耳石生长轮计测和带鱼样品基础生物学测定,研究带鱼年龄与生长之间的关系。结果表明,目前东海群系带鱼呈现出较以往任何时期低龄化和生长加快的渔业生物学特征;体重与肛长的关系性别间无明显差异;该群系的生长其性别间无显著差异,雌雄合并估算的vonBertalanffy生长参数L∞=493.3mm,K=0.346/yr,t0=-0.387yr。     

The optimal stability `window': a mechanism underlying decadal fluctuations in North Pacific salmon stocks?

While recent evidence suggests that North Pacific salmon stocks are influenced by decadal variability in atmospheric forcing of the ocean, the actual combination of physical and biological processes that determines this linkage has not been identified. This paper describes a possible scenario in which water column stability is the primary factor by which the physical environment influences phytoplankton production, the basis for production at higher trophic levels. Variation in the strength of the wintertime Aleutian Low pressure area affects water column stabilities, hence primary production, along the entire eastern boundary of the North Pacific. The `optimal stability window' explains the qualitative relationship between fish stocks and the strength of the winter Aleutian Low, as well as the observed out-of-phase variation between northern and southern salmon stocks.     

我国西南地区岩溶石漠化趋势及可持续发展研究

阐述了我国西南地区岩溶石漠化的趋势、过程和结果,介绍了岩溶石漠化地区可持续发展的概况及其存在的问题,并提出了岩溶石漠化地区可持续发展的途径。     

近30年华南中部可降水量的变化分析

本文利用NCEP/NCAR逐月可降水量的再分析资料,选取1983年1月-2012年12月共360个时次的数据,分析可降水量的变化趋势。得出结论：近30年内华南中部的可降水量总体上呈下降趋势;季节性变化明显,可降水量值呈夏高冬低趋势。     

农业技术模式转换与对策探讨——以河南省欠发达平原农业区为例

面对当前农村劳动力转移给农业发展带来的挑战和机遇,转换农业技术模式尤为重要.采用理论分析和调查访谈相结合的方法,得出河南欠发达平原农业区农业技术模式转换必须结合本地实际,遵循诱致性轨迹,注重转换过渡模式,即以农民社会资本为纽带进行土地流转,形成土地适度渐进规模经营,以村集体、宗族等为核心发展种子、生物科技、中小型机械设...     

我国开征房产税的可行性研究

随着房价的居高不下,房产税的征收在近期已成为热门话题。通过研究房产税开征的情况,追溯房产税的历史起源,考察征收房产税的原因,以及分析在现时的中国征收房产税的特殊情况,并综合运用比较法、例证法等各种方法,以期在众说纷纭中,得到一个清醒的认识,并最终说明房产税征收的时机并不成熟,现在的征收热还只是国家的造势之举