新城疫活疫苗对控制鸡大肠杆菌病的效果观察

为了研究鸡新城疫活疫苗紧急免疫控制鸡大肠杆菌病的效果,通过大肠杆菌人工感染30日龄蛋鸡,待出现病症后,紧急免疫新城疫La-sota弱毒苗(Ⅳ系)4羽份.免疫后5～17 d,通过血凝抑制试验测定血清新城疫抗体水平,试验组新城疫抗体水平逐步提高,对照组抗体略有下降,免疫后17 d两组抗体水平差异显著(P＜0.05);对照组...     

Effect of a single polymorphism in the Japanese quail NK‐lysin gene on antimicrobial activity

NK‐lysins are cationic peptides that play important roles in host protection, and are an important constituent of innate immunity. We identified nine single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NK‐lysin open reading frame (ORF) from 32 Japanese quails in six strains: A, B, ND, K, P, and Y. The G to A substitution at nucleotide position 272 in the ORF resulted in a Gly (G) to Asp (D) amino acid substitution (Cj31G and Cj31D alleles). The Cj31D allele was detected in P (frequency 0.76) and Y (frequency 0.03) strains. We compared the antimicrobial activities of four synthetic peptides from the helix 2‐loop‐helix 3 region of avian NK‐lysins against Escherichia coli: Cj31G and Cj31D from quail and Gg29N and Gg29D from chicken. The antimicrobial activities of the four peptides decreased in the following order: Gg29N > Cj31G > Gg29D > Cj31D (P < 0.05). Although there were no differences in the predicted secondary structure of the Cj31G and Cj31D, the net charge of the Cj31G was higher than that of Cj31D. These data indicated that the antimicrobial activity of CjNKL is influenced by net charge, similar to that which has been observed in chicken. © 2015 Japanese Society of Animal Science     

蛹虫草对小鼠体液免疫功能和NK细胞活性的影响

[目的]探讨蛹虫草对小鼠体液免疫功能和NK细胞活性的影响。[方法]以83.3、166.7、333.3 mg/kg·BW剂量的蛹虫草给予小鼠灌胃30 d。[结果]灌胃30 d后同对照组比较,各剂量组对小鼠体重、脾/体重、胸腺/体重比值无影响(P>0.05),中、高剂量组能显著升高小鼠血清半数溶血值(P<0.05),中、高剂量组能显著增强抗体生成细胞能力(P<0.05),各剂量组均能增强小鼠NK细胞活性(P<0.05)。[结论]蛹虫草具有增强体液免疫功能和NK细胞活性的作用。     

硒—维生素E结合体对雏鸡自然杀伤（NK）细胞活性和T淋巴细胞转化率的影响

１５０羽雏鸡随机分为５组,Ⅰ－Ⅲ组于７日龄（ＮＤ首次免疫前３天）分别在饲料中添加硒－ＶＥ结合体２５,１５,５ｍｇ／ｋｇ,Ⅳ组添加ＶＥ１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ,Ⅳ组为空白对照,观察了硒－ＶＥ结合体对雏鸡血液ＮＫ细胞活性和脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率的动态变化。结果显示,硒,ＶＥ的适度配合使用具有雷同作用,能明显提高ＮＫ细胞活性和Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率,但在一定范围内,其效果受使用剂量的显著影响停止投服硒－ＶＥ结合体后,ＮＫ     

转基因玉米NK603品系成分LAMP快速PCR检测方法的建立

根据转基因玉米品系NK603外源插入片段与玉米基因组序列设计品系特异性引物,建立转基因玉米品系NK603的品系特异性环介导等温扩增(Loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)检测方法,并对此方法进行灵敏度、特异性测试。试验表明该方法能够快速检测出转基因玉米NK603品系成分,检测灵敏度为0.1%,并具有较高的特异性和较好的稳定性。     

紫锥菊、黄芪对法氏囊病雏鸡的肝损伤及脾脏NK细胞活性的影响

给14日龄雏鸡灌服不同浓度紫锥菊、黄芪合剂,连续灌服7d,21日龄时雏鸡接种传染性法氏囊病病毒(IB-DV),来观察雏鸡血液转氨酶活性及脾脏NK细胞活性的变化。结果显示,攻毒后4d和攻毒后11d时用药组与攻毒对照组相比,谷草转氨酶(Ast)、谷丙转氨酶(Alt)均有所降低,差异显著(P<0.05);攻毒后11d时Ast/Alt比值极显著低于攻毒对照组(P<0.01)。脾脏NK细胞活性在感染后14d,高剂量组活性极显著高于攻毒对照组和空白对照组(P<0.01),感染21d后各组差异不显著。结果表明,紫锥菊、黄芪合剂在雏鸡感染IBDV后12d前后一段时间可显著降低传染性法氏囊病病毒对肝脏造成的损伤,促进脾脏NK细胞的活性,增强机体的防御功能,有利于该疾病的防治。     

Effects of intravenous administration of neurokinin receptor subtype-selective agonists on gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator activity and luteinizing hormone secretion in goats

Recent evidence suggests that neurokinin B (NKB), a member of the neurokinin (tachykinin) peptide family, plays a pivotal role in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generation. Three types of neurokinin receptors (NKRs), NK1R, NK2R and NK3R, are found in the brain. Although NKB preferentially binds to NK3R, other NKRs are possibly also involved in NKB action. The present study examined the effects of intravenous administration of the NKR subtype-selective agonists GR73632 (NK1R), GR64349 (NK2R), and senktide (NK3R) on GnRH pulse generator activity and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. Multiple-unit activity (MUA) was monitored in ovariectomized goats (n = 5) implanted with recording electrodes. Characteristic increases in MUA (MUA volleys) were considered GnRH pulse generator activity. Although three NKR agonists dose-dependently induced an MUA volley and an accompanying increase in LH secretion, the efficacy in inducing the volley markedly differed. As little as 10 nmol of senktide induced an MUA volley in all goats, whereas a dose of 1000 nmol was only effective for the NK1R and NK2R agonists in two and four goats, respectively. When the treatment failed to evoke an MUA volley, no apparent change was observed in the MUA or LH secretion. Similar effects of the NK2R and NK3R agonists were observed in the presence of estradiol. The results demonstrated that NK3R plays a predominant role in GnRH pulse generation and suggested that the contributions of NK1R and NK2R to this mechanism may be few, if any, in goats.     

伯氏疟原虫ANKA株感染小鼠的T细胞、NK细胞及细胞因子变化

旨在系统分析伯氏疟原虫感染引起宿主T细胞、NK细胞、Tim-3表达及细胞因子的变化。选取64只雌性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为8组,每组8只,分别于感染后0、4、7、9、11、13、16和19 d获取小鼠脾及外周血免疫细胞,利用流式细胞术检测小鼠主要免疫细胞亚群及免疫检查点分子Tim-3表达水平的变化;同时检测血清中细胞因子的变化。结果表明,感染疟原虫后,小鼠脾CD3⁺CD4⁺ T细胞、CD3⁺CD8⁺ T细胞及NK细胞的比例均逐渐降低（P<0.01）,且伴随着3种细胞Tim-3表达量的升高（P<0.01）。小鼠外周血CD3⁺CD4⁺ T细胞的比例呈先降低后升高趋势,CD3⁺CD8⁺ T细胞的比例呈先升高后降低趋势（P<0.05）;小鼠外周血CD3^-NK1.1⁺细胞的比例呈先降低后升高趋势,但感染末期,其比例仍低于未感染组（P<0.05）。Tim-3分子在外周血CD3⁺CD4⁺ T细胞、CD3⁺CD8⁺ T细胞及CD3^-NK1.1⁺细胞的表达均显著升高（P<0.05）。感染疟原虫后,小鼠血清中促炎细胞因子IL-2的分泌量均显著高于未感染组（P<0.05）;促炎细胞因子IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-6在血清中分泌均呈先升高后降低趋势（P<0.05）;具有免疫抑制作用的细胞因子IL-10呈逐渐升高趋势,且感染后期急剧升高（P<0.001）。以上结果表明,感染疟原虫后,小鼠的特异性免疫反应发挥了一定的杀伤作用,但由于Tim-3免疫检查点分子及一些发挥免疫抑制作用的细胞因子（IL-10）的过度表达,有利于疟原虫逃避宿主的免疫捕杀作用。该研究提示了从宿主免疫抑制角度研究疟原虫感染的重要性。     

复方万年青胶囊联合氟尿嘧啶注射液(5-FU)对胃癌荷瘤小鼠的免疫调节作用及其抗癌机制研究

目的 探讨复方万年青胶囊联合氟尿嘧啶注射液(5-FU)对胃癌荷瘤小鼠NF-kb p65/p38水平的影响及其免疫调节作用,为明确药效机制提供实验依据.方法 ①建立BALB/c小鼠胃癌皮下移植肿瘤模型,除空白组外,将成瘤小鼠随机平分为6组,即模型对照组、5-FU对照组(70mg/kg)、复方万年青胶囊1倍临床剂量对照组(...     

贺氏399对低温胁迫下小麦幼苗的影响

[目的]研究贺氏399对低温胁迫下小麦幼苗生长发育的影响。[方法]以农科1号小麦种子为材料,待第2片叶完全展开后喷施贺氏399,3 d后在-2℃下处理12 h,测定叶片光合总量,然后正常培养,每5 d进行一次株高、叶色、干重的测量。[结果]喷施399对低温胁迫条件下小麦的生长发育保护作用明显。[结论]贺氏399可以缓解低温胁迫对小麦幼苗的影响。