内燃机排气成分动态检测方法的研究

介绍了采用飞行时间质谱仪动态测量内燃机排气成分的方法。提出了实现动态检测的系统方案，研制开发了高速数据采集系统，给出了性能试验结果。测量并识别了质量数相近的N2和C2H4的谱图，给出了废气成分浓度的动态变化曲线。     

单位线方法在沿渡河流域的应用研

单位线方法在水文计算及洪水预报中得到了广泛的应用，至今仍然是汇流计算的重要工具。以沿渡河流域为研究背景，分别采用分析法及矩法推求了该流域的时段单位线，并分别用这两种单位线模拟了该流域的同次洪水过程，模拟结果表明分析法得到的单位线更加适合该流域的洪水计算。最后，在详细分析两种方法误差来源的基础上，提出了相应的改进措施。     

基于VI技术的农用动平衡机测量系统

采用虚拟仪器（VI）技术设计了农用旋转机械动同测量系统，探讨了硬件和软件设计的核心技术，解决了现场可调和模块化设计、数据库管理及高速实时处理等综合问题，给出了农用碟片式胶乳分离机整机动平衡实验过程和结果。     

对两个材料力学问题的探讨

在材料力学中,对铸铁试件的轴向压缩破坏一般都认为破坏断面与杆件横截面成45°角;在材料的应力分析上,只对平面应力状态进行研究,对三角形单元的应力研究轻少。为此分别采用实验方法和分析法,对上述两个问题进行探讨。其实验结果是:铸铁试件的压缩破坏一般在55°左右,考虑内摩擦力的影响后,得到了很好的理论解释;而对三角形单元的应力分析,用应力圆法求解简单方便。对这两个问题的研究,将有助于材料力学的应用与发展。     

模糊故障诊断在水电机组中的应用

根据水轮发电机组的振动特点，本文探讨了适合于水轮发电机组的振动故障诊断方法，提出了将模糊技术应用于水轮发电机组振动故障诊断的思想，简要阐述了模糊故障诊断的基本原理，列出了水轮发电机组的征兆集和故障集，并根据征兆集和故障集的相互关系，提出了相应的模糊关系矩阵。最后通过模糊关系矩阵的运算，确定水轮发电机组的故障模糊向量。并以实际机组的振动故障为实例，验证模糊故障诊断方法的可行性和优越性。     

昆明地区重大森林火灾火烧迹地可燃物能量分析

对昆明地区重大森林火灾迹地进行外业调查,并对其可燃物进行系统研究.结果表明:火烧迹地的地盘松幼林、光叶石栎和紫茎泽兰的可燃物绝对含水率分别为13％、11％和12％,可燃物载量分别为0.4、0.5和1.1 kg/m2,热值分别为20700、20600和19100 kJ/kg,单位面积热量分别为8280、10300和210...     

Catch per unit effort standardization of the eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) fleet

A general linear model (GLM) was used to standardize catch per unit effort (CPUE) data for Alaska walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) from the Bering Sea fleet for the years 1995–1999. Data were stratified temporally by year and season and spatially by area using either Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) or National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) reporting areas. Four factors were used: vessel identification (ID) number, vessel speed, percentage of pollock by weight in the haul (a measure of targeting), and whether most of the haul took place before or after sunset. At least 29 combinations of main effects, quadratic covariates, and interactions were tested for each year/area/season stratum. GLM models explained from 31 to 48% of the total sums of squares. Vessel identification number was included in all models and explained the most variability. Of the remaining factors, the square of the percentage of pollock in the haul was included in most models, following an F-test to determine parsimony. Analysis of the vessel identification number coefficients indicated that larger vessels tended to have higher CPUEs; and that this relationship differed between dedicated catcher vessels and offshore catcher processors. Coefficient estimates and response surfaces generally indicated increased CPUEs with the percentage of pollock in the haul and showed mixed results with vessel speed. The vessel identification number incorporated most vessel characteristics, leaving vessel speed primarily as a fitting variable with less biological meaning. The year/area/season stratification procedure was found to be necessary due to the unbalanced design, which otherwise would have factor levels with no data in a large combined model. In addition, the stratification procedure reduced the variability in CPUE substantially.     

Effects of no‐take area size and age of marine protected areas on fisheries yields: a meta‐analytical approach

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are often promoted as tools for biodiversity conservation as well as for fisheries management. Despite increasing evidence of their usefulness, questions remain regarding the optimal design of MPAs, in particular concerning their function as fisheries management tools, for which empirical studies are still lacking. Using 28 data sets from seven MPAs in Southern Europe, we developed a meta‐analytical approach to investigate the effects of protection on adjacent fisheries and asking how these effects are influenced by MPA size and age. Southern European MPAs showed clear effects on the surrounding fisheries, on the ‘catch per unit effort’ (CPUE) of target species, but especially on the CPUE of the marketable catch. These effects depended on the time of protection and on the size of the no‐take area. CPUE of both target species and the marketable catch increased gradually by 2–4% per year over a long time period (at least 30 years). The influence of the size of the no‐take area appeared to be more complex. The catch rates of the entire fishery in and around the MPA were higher when the no‐take areas were smaller. Conversely, catch rates of selected fisheries that were expected to benefit most from protection increased when the no‐take area was larger. Our results emphasize the importance of MPA size on its export functions and suggest that an adequate, often extended, time frame be used for the management and the evaluation of effectiveness of MPAs.     

应用分层抽样技术估计北部湾底拖网渔业产量

传统的按行政单元逐级上报的渔业产量调查方法在数据获取过程中受人为因素的干扰,而全面普查的方法受限于时间和经费,相比而言,抽样调查是一种科学合理的方法。本研究于2007年8月对北部湾底拖网产量进行了调查,以全体底拖网渔船为抽样总体,按功率段划分了抽样层次,按比例分配了抽样单元数,分别以生产渔船总数和总功率数推算总产量,并比较了这两种方法的方差。结果表明,用每kW平均产量估计总产量的变异系数为1.13%,用单船平均产量估计总产量的变异系数为14.65%。同时由于渔业抽样调查的难点在于总体船数的掌握,建议统计推断时,采用单位渔捞努力量渔获量（CPUE）推算总体渔获量。     

无级变速器电子控制单元硬件在环仿真系统

设计了无级变速器电子控制单元硬件在环仿真系统,进行了无级变速器电子控制单元硬件在环仿真试验,并且对仿真测试及优化后的电子控制单元进行了实车试验验证.结果均表明,该系统能够对车辆集成模型与电子控制单元的控制算法进行实时验证及优化控制,为无级变速器电子控制单元开发提供了一个仿真测试平台.