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181.
182.
建平县老河川水浇地覆膜玉米田在玉米种植中通过群体结构优化,实现了玉米吨粮生产目标。介绍实现玉米吨粮生产的主要技术措施,包括地块选择、整地、品种选择、种植方式、密度、水分及施肥调控、病虫害防治等,以期为今后生产实践提供技术借鉴。 相似文献
183.
李艳辉 《农业机械化与电气化》2009,(1):29-30
介绍蔬菜中有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药残留快速检测方法的原理,指出实际检测过程巾易出现的问题,并针对这些问题提出相应的解决措施,总结出检测操作中的几点注意事项,以减小误差、避免失误,提高检测结果的可信度。 相似文献
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185.
Effects of intensive fishing on the perch population in a large oligotrophic lake in eastern Finland
The perch population in Lake Höytiäinen was intensively fished to reduce the density of the population and hence also the predation pressure by perch on vendace larvae. A hypothesis suggests that this predation can prevent recovery of commercially important vendace stock from a state of low-density. In the 1990s the density of the perch population in Lake Höytiäinen has increased, while the vendace stock has been sparse. Intensive fishing was conducted by professional fishermen with a paired bottom trawl, seine net, hoop net and small fish traps and by recreational fishermen with small fish traps. The size of perch population during the intensive fishing period was studied by test fishing with multi-mesh gillnets and the Leslie method in which trawl YPUE was regressed on the cumulative yield. The results suggest that the population size clearly diminished in the area where the fishing pressure was strongest. YPUE of test fishing decreased ca. 30% whereas the Leslie method gave almost a decrease twice as large as that of the former. Mean weight of perch increased in the trawl and test fishing catches during the intensive fishing period. The most effective fishing gear was trawl (62% of the total yield), but importance of trap net fishing by recreational fishermen was also high as they caught 22% of the total yield. 相似文献
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187.
不同水分条件下玉米秸秆还田对小麦群体发育和干物质积累及产量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探究土壤水分与秸秆还田对小麦生长的交互作用,通过防雨棚微区控水试验,研究了不同土壤水分条件下玉米秸秆粉碎翻压还田对小麦群体数量、干物质积累、籽粒产量等的影响。结果表明,干旱条件下,小麦群体数量、叶面积指数、干物质积累量、成穗数和产量显著降低,最大根冠比出现时间推迟至开花期;与秸秆不还田(CK)相比,秸秆还田(RS)处理的群体最大茎数提高了8.5%,灌浆期根冠比增加12.26%,但生育后期的叶面积指数显著降低,穗数、千粒重、产量和收获指数也分别下降5.10%、3.17%、15.46%和8.39%;轻旱和适宜水分条件下,根冠比在拔节期达到最大值,RS处理的群体最大茎数较CK增加12.04%~14.18%;拔节期根冠比显著增加,灌浆期则相反;RS处理的不孕小穗数减少了14.91%~18.98%,穗粒数和产量则分别提高9.18%~26.30%及5.76%~6.96%。在轻旱或适宜水分条件下,秸秆还田可以改善小麦群体质量,协调植株地上部与根系的生长,最终提高籽粒产量;而土壤干旱时不宜进行秸秆还田。 相似文献
188.
植物油脂不仅是人类可食用油的主要来源,也是人类生产生活中重要的可再生原料.本文概述了植物油脂的生物合成途径,从母体效应、QTL、GWAS等多个方面总结了油料作物油脂合成的遗传学研究进展,同时探讨了已知的油脂合成调控相关基因的功能.本文综述了该领域的研究现状,为深入了解油料作物油脂合成调控网络提供了参考,也为油料作物的分... 相似文献
189.
190.
Mitsumasa?AnanEmail author Kozue?Yuge Yoshisuke?Nakano Tamotsu?Funakoshi Tomokazu?Haraguchi 《Paddy and Water Environment》2004,2(1):11-18
Japanese farmers manage their irrigation water based on their past experiences and preferences, considering such factors as weather and available water (hereafter defined as empirical water management). They elaborately control the intake and drainage rates of their own paddy fields to maintain optimal ponding depths. But these well-managed systems will drastically change because of the decreasing number of farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify if the optimal ponding depth will be maintained within the limits of traditionally-allowed water intake rate from the main river. The first objective of this study was the quantification of actual water use in the paddy fields, resulting from the farmers water management on the basis of their experience. The significance of the present water intake rate under empirical water management was studied for a paddy field command area of about 230 ha. Water intake rates and the water requirements of the whole area were investigated by measuring the flow rate at 17 points of irrigation and drainage canals. Characteristics of the farmers empirical water management were investigated by measuring the hourly changes in inflow and outflow rates for a sub-area using an automatic measurement system, and an inferential method of determining water management patterns for the paddy fields was proposed. The newly-proposed inferential method was introduced in the tank model, which expresses the characteristics of water management in the command area. The Shuffled Complex Evolution Algorithm (SCE-UA) method was used for optimizing the model parameters. It was proven that the model accuracy improved when the farmers empirical water management was taken into account. The optimal amount of water to be applied to the command area was quantified by the simulation. The second objective was to predict the effect of the decreasing number of farmers on future water use conditions. The simulated result indicates the difficulty of maintaining optimal ponding depth for the whole command area when the farmers empirical water management is not maintained. In other words, results indicated that efficient water use requires an automatic water management system or a new pipeline system to replace the farmers present empirical water management. 相似文献