3种农药树干注射法防治荔枝蝽象在荔枝树叶中的残留分布

[目的]探讨吡虫啉、杀虫双和敌百虫3种农药树干注射法防治荔枝蝽象的可行性。[方法]采用树干注射法进行施药,研究吡虫啉、杀虫双、敌百虫3种药剂防治荔枝蝽象在荔枝树叶中的残留分布。[结果]吡虫啉和敌百虫能快速分布到树干中,杀虫双则缓慢在树干中分布;农药持续时间长,敌百虫残留时间最长,9 d后残留量仍高达0.312 mg/kg,吡虫啉次之,9 d只有0.015 mg/kg,杀虫双最差。[结论]该法防治药效长,污染小,几乎不杀伤天敌,不受天气影响,可在生产中推广应用。     

液相微萃取—高效液相色谱法测定桔子和蚯蚓中吡虫啉的残留降解

研究了基于三相中空纤维磁力搅拌的新型液相微萃取（LPME）模式,采用磷酸二氢钾作接受液,快速分离富集桔子和蚯蚓中吡虫啉农药残留的前处理技术,以高效液相色谱（HPLC）为检测手段。系统地优化了LPME技术的有机溶剂、搅拌速率和萃取时间等条件。最佳色谱条件为：SB-Phenyl C18（250mm×4.6mm,粒径：5μm）液相色谱柱,以甲醇∶水∶三乙胺=79∶20∶1（v/v）为流动相,流速0.6mL/min,270 nm波长下检测。得到方法的线性范围0.005～0.2μg/mL,最低检出限为5 ng/mL,加标回收率92.5%～105%,富集倍数19.2倍。建立了一种简单、快速、准确、环境友好的农药残留降解情况的检测方法。     

吡虫啉·戊唑醇种子处理悬浮剂对燕麦红叶病的田间防效

通过田间对比试验,测试了吡虫啉.戊唑醇种子处理悬浮剂对燕麦红叶病的防治效果,结果表明,采用(120 mL高巧+42 mL立克秀)/100 kg种子(商品量)拌种包衣,可显著提高皮燕麦的出苗率,促进幼苗生长,对皮燕麦、裸燕麦红叶病的防效分别达84.97%和47.87%,皮燕麦、裸燕麦的增产率分别达60.43%和48.96%。     

枸杞中吡虫啉、阿维菌素农药残留量的测定

建立了高效液相色谱法分析枸杞中吡虫啉、阿维菌素残留量的方法。样品采用酸性乙腈溶液提取，以高效液相色谱法分离检测，面积外标法定量分析，吡虫啉标准曲线的线性关系系数为0．9997，阿维菌素为0．9995，线性范围为10．0～1000μg／L。枸杞中吡虫啉平均回收率92．0％～110％，最小检测浓度0．047μg／kg；阿维菌素平均回收率86．0％～98．0％，最小检测浓度0．33μg／kg。该分析方法具有良好的重现性，定量结果的相对标准偏差均小于10％，可满足检测分析要求。     

Use of UV reflective mulch to delay the colonization and reduce the severity of Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) infestations in cucurbits

Effectiveness of UV reflective plastic mulch for the management of silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring) was evaluated in selected cucurbits. The reflective mulch repelled silverleaf whitefly adults in pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo L.). Reduced colonization by B. argentifolii adults resulted in reduced populations of nymphs and a delay and reduction in the incidence of silverleaf in pumpkin and zucchini squash. Reflective mulch was as effective in reducing nymphal B. argentifolii populations as was a pre-plant soil application of imidacloprid. Zucchini squash, pumpkin and cucumber yields were significantly higher in plants grown over reflective mulch than in those grown over unmulched soil. Zucchini squash yields from plants grown over reflective mulch also were higher than from plants grown in plots receiving a pre-plant application of imidacloprid. This study confirmed that UV reflective plastic mulch can be used to manage B. argentifolii and the mulches give protection equal to that provided by imidacloprid.     

Imidacloprid resistance and its mechanisms in field populations of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stål in China

Imidacloprid is a key insecticide universally used for control of brown planthopper (BPH), and its resistance had been studied previously with laboratory selected strains. When the failure in field control happened in China in 2005, imidacloprid resistance in field populations of BPH (AQ, NJ, GL and WJ) was monitored and studied. The results demonstrated that the BPH of field populations had developed moderate to high level of resistance to imidacloprid. This resistance is attributed mainly to the enhanced P450 monooxygenases detoxification and could be enhanced in the same growing season if the insecticide was sprayed over and over. Further studies revealed that imidacloprid resistant hoppers did not show cross-resistance to all the neonicotinoid insecticides and high level of imidacloprid resistance in BPH was very unstable. Thus, efficient substitute neonicotinoids could be selected and “window control” could be implemented in resistance management. For checking the resistance mutation previously reported in laboratory selected strains, new corresponding target subunit genes were cloned and sequenced, but no mutations were found associated consistently with resistance.     

10．5％啶虫脒乳油防治黄瓜蚜虫药效试验

10．5％啶虫脒乳油防治黄瓜蚜虫药效试验结果表明：10．5％啶虫脒乳油有效成分18．00g／hm^2、20．25g／hm^2、22．50g／hm^2对黄瓜蚜虫均有良好的防治效果,尤其以10．5％啶虫脒乳油有效成分20．25～22．50g／hm^2最为经济有效。     

27;吡·福·多悬浮种衣剂的研制

介绍了27;吡·福·多悬浮种衣剂有效成分配比的室内筛选、助剂配方研究、主要技术指标和田间药效等.田间试验表明:27;吡*福*多悬浮种衣剂在试验剂量下对棉花出苗无不良影响,以1∶40～60的药种比例处理棉花种子,对棉花苗期病虫害(地老虎、棉蓟马、立枯病)具有较好的防效.     

天津稻区水稻条纹叶枯病发生动态与综合防治

2001~2006年对天津地区水稻条纹叶枯病的上升原因及灰飞虱发生动态进行了调查研究,并对水稻条纹叶枯病的综合防治进行了探讨。研究表明,冬季出现暖冬,春季和秋季雨水偏少,灰飞虱越冬基数增加,春季繁殖系数增大,虫口密度逐年上升是水稻条纹叶枯病上升的主要原因。通过选用抗病品种,调整播种期和插秧期,结合药剂防治,可控制病害的发生程度     

22％吡虫啉·噻嗪酮可湿性粉剂对柑橘黑刺粉虱的田间药效评价

为明确22%吡虫啉·噻嗪酮可湿性粉剂对柑橘黑刺粉虱的防治效果,开展了2年的药效试验。结果表明,22%吡虫啉·噻嗪酮可湿性粉剂2000~3000倍液对柑橘黑刺粉虱2~3龄若虫都有较好的防治效果,对柑橘叶片和果实安全,可以在生产上推广应用。