Oral 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in prevention of milk fever

The effect of daily oral doses of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D₃ (1,25-(OH)₂D₃) on plasma mineral concentrations and incidence of milk fever was tested in 39 aged cows. Three dose levels of 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ (0, 100 and 200 µg/d) were compared in cows supplemented with 100 g Ca/d (250 g CaCO₃) and in cows receiving no Ca supplement. 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ treatments were given from day 5 before expected calving (day –5) until the day after calving (Calving = day 0).Expected minima in Ca concentrations in plasma were seen on day 1 in placebo treated cows, while Ca concentrations in 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ treated cows were normal or increased in the period from start of treatment until day 3–5. In the parturient period (day –1 to +2) 1 of 21 treated cows developed milk fever, as compared to 4 of 18 untreated. A pronounced hypocalcaemia developed, however, in the 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ treated cows from day 3 to 5 onwards, culminating day 8–11 with 7 cases of milk fever. Ca supplements reduced the development of hypocalcaemia in the 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ treated cows, but could not completely prevent the occurrence of milk fever.     

伊氏锥虫和媾疫锥虫蛋白组分的电泳分析

应用SDS—PAGE和IEF电泳对伊氏锥虫和媾疫锥虫的蛋白组分进行了分析.在SDS—PAGE中,伊氏锥虫有21条带.媾疫锥虫有19条带,两种虫体的蛋白质区带在分子量40000～90000之间存在差异,尤其表现在表面糖蛋白上,伊氏锥虫为43000,媾疫锥虫为60000.在IEF电泳中,伊氏锥虫出现26条带,媾疫锥虫出现33条带,两种虫体的蛋白质区带在等电点4.8～5.6之间相同,而在5.6～7.0之间存在差异.本实验还对马媾疫锥虫的蛋白质进行了双相电泳分析,显示出86个多肽斑点.     

Identification and analysis of differentially expressed proteins during cotyledon embryo stage in longan

The cotyledon stage is a crucial developmental stage during longan embryo development. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS) were conducted to separate and identify proteins expressed in the longan cotyledon embryos at different development stages. A total of 28 proteins that exhibited regulated expression were successfully identified with a protein identification success rate of 72.2%. The 28 proteins were assigned to six functional classes based on their putative biological functions: energy and metabolism (21%), secondary metabolism (18%), protein metabolism (21%), cell division (11%), antioxidation (4%), nucleic acid metabolism (4%), hormonal regulation (4%) and unknown proteins (18%). Interestingly, three enzymes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, whose expression in embryos had not been observed previously were clearly up-regulated during the cotyledon stage of embryo development in longan. Identification and analysis of the 28 proteins would shed new lights on further understanding of the biochemical and physiological processes of the embryo development at cotyledon stage in longan.     

杂交稻博优998种子真实性与纯度的IEF鉴定

研究利用等电聚焦技术对博优998及其亲本种子蛋白进行了分析，发现有一条亲本互补谱带。应用该互补谱带，对该杂交稻种子样品进行了鉴定，与田间小区种植鉴定的结果比较差异较小。表明这一技术在杂交稻种子纯度鉴定上是可行的。     

A rapid and simple method of producing high-resolution zymograms from Brassica and related species on isoelectric-focussing gels

Isozymes are potentially valuable genetic markers in the identification of hybrid plants, the assessment of seed purity, and in molecular and conventional genetic maps. The starch gels commonly used to prepare Brassica zymograms have very low resolutions. Consequently, isoelectric-focussing polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis was explored as a means of producing high-resolution zymograms of four Brassica isozymes. Crude sap extracts were found to be unsuitable for electrophoresis. Centrifugation, passage over sepharose beads and overnight dialysis were tested as alternative means of clarifying samples. The zymograms presented here demonstrate that isoelectric focussing, following overnight sample dialysis, results in zymograms which, in comparison to their starch counterparts, have vastly improved separation and resolution.     

Inheritance of stylar ribonucleases in cherry progenies, and reassignment of incompatibility alleles to two incompatibility groups

Stylar proteins were extracted from parents and seedlings of six progenies of cherry (Prunus avium), separated using isoelectric focusing, and the gels stained for ribonuclease activity. The zymogram of each plant showed two main ribonuclease bands in the region pI 8.3 to 9.6. Progenies from crosses of parents with one band in common segregated into just two classes, whereas progenies from crosses of parents with no common bands segregated into four classes, the two types of segregation corresponding to those expected from semi-compatible and fully-compatible crosses respectively. This behaviour was consistent either with the ribonuclease locus being tightly linked with the self-incompatibility, S, locus, or else with the S locus coding for the ribonuclease variants. Evidence favouring the latter hypothesis is discussed. An apparently anomalous segregation led us to assign to ‘Bradbourne Black’ a genotype different from that previously reported, and analysis of some other cultivars in the same incompatibility group, Group VII, led us to conclude the genotype of this group is S₃S₅, and not S₄S₅ as previously reported. Correspondingly, we suggest the genotype of Group V is S₄S₅, and not S₃S₅. Five new S alleles, S₇, S₈, S₉, S₁₀ and S₁₁ were proposed in parental cultivars and selections that had not previously been assigned a genotype. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

三河马血红蛋白的遗传多态性

采用等电聚焦电泳对25匹三河马进行了血红蛋白多态性的检测，结果表明：该位点共发现有4种基因型，由3个等位基因HbT^BⅡ、HbBIt Hb^AⅡ控制，基因型BⅡ/BⅡ、BI/BⅡ、Bi/BI和AⅡ/BⅠ的频率分别为0.08,0.52,0.36和0.04，其中杂合型BI/BⅡ为优势基因型，等位基因Hb^BⅡ、Hb^BI和HbA^Ⅱ的频率分别为0.34,0.64和0.02。基因杂合度、个体识别概率和亲仔关系排除概率分别为0.47,0.59和0.20。     

超薄等电聚焦电泳技术在水稻品种鉴定上的运用

利用超薄等电聚焦电泳技术对20个水稻品种进行了鉴定,发现10条蛋白质带在不同品种间表现出多态性。利用这19条蛋白质带和种子外观形态上的差异,可将20个品种中的11个品种完全区分开,另外9个品种可分为两组。     

Effect of different management strategies on soil quality of citrus orchards in Southern Italy

Twenty‐six soil samples were collected from 13 paired orchards (organically vs. conventionally managed) homogeneous for age, rootstock and cultivars, belonging to the Eastern Sicily Organic Citrus farm Network. The soil quality was evaluated by chemical and biochemical indicators. The total organic C, humification parameters and isoelectric focusing of extracted organic matter were measured to quantify the size of relevant soil C pools. In addition, C turnover was evaluated by determining microbial C mineralization, C microbial biomass and by calculating the mineralization and metabolic quotient (qCO₂). The results obtained demonstrated that organic citrus soils were characterized by a general increase in all the organic matter pools, which means a greater C supply for soil metabolic processes. This observed trend did not directly influence the organic matter turnover, indicating that the organic approach could act as a soil C‐sink. The soil microflora of organically managed soils showed an improved efficiency in use of energy and organic resources, corresponding to an increased ability of soils under organic management to sustain biological productivity in the long term.     

板栗贮存蛋白多样性的研究

对来自５个品种群的３３个板栗品种，应用薄层等电聚焦电泳技术进行贮存蛋白的多态性研究。结果表明：其贮存蛋白的多态性水平较高，可分离出２０种典型的带型；南北方品种的带型分化较明显；带型与品种原分布的地理区域存在着一定的相关关系。此外，还初步探讨了贮存蛋白的多态性及等电聚焦技术在品种鉴定上的应用。