内蒙古草地退化防治对策及碳增汇途径研究

全球变化背景下草地生态系统的退化及碳循环过程是生态学、地学、植物学和农学领域的研究热点之一。本文介绍了草地退化的概念、层次及退化现状,探讨了开垦、放牧、气候变化等人为因素和自然因素对内蒙古地区草地退化的驱动作用,重点分析了草地退化对碳循环过程的影响机制及退化草地恢复的固碳潜力,以期加深对草地生态系统退化及恢复过程中碳循环动态变化的理解。本文提出了内蒙古退化草地恢复过程中尚需解决的主要问题以及草业和畜牧业可持续发展的战略计划,以期为草地碳增汇方面的研究提供新的思路,并为决策者合理调整草地利用和保护布局提供理论基础。     

人类活动对珠江三角洲酸性硫酸盐土壤发育的影响

In the Pearl River Delta with more than 1000 years of intensive land reclamation history,the development of acid sulphate soils has been generally limited in terms of their acid potential (pyrite content)and spatial extent.This is attributed to the rapid delta progradation,partially resulted from increasing sediment yield caused by deforestation within the catchment and the empolderment in the estuarine embayment.The empolderment practice accompanied by the clearance of mangroves stopped the upward growth of the pyritic layer on the one hand and limited the vertical accretion of non-pyritic freshwater sediments over the pyritic layer on the one hand and limited the vertical accretion of non-pyritic freshwater sediments over the pyritic estuarine sediments on the other.In such a case,the pyritic layer in the area is frequently thin and of shallow occurrence.Under forced leaching-recharge conditions for the paddy rice cultivation ,the leaching of acid sulphate materials prevails over its production and this leads to a net loss in pyrite oxidation products.Land excavation for fishpond farming accelerates pyrite oxidation due to the direct exposure of the pyrtic sediments to air on the pond bunds.Severe acidification can intensity the environmental degradation of estuarine ecosystems.     

进一步加强西藏自治区的小水电建设

在整理和分析西藏自治区40年小水电建设资料的基础上,着重总结了小水电建设和管理中存在的主要问题,并就今后如何搞好西藏的小水电建设提出了建议。     

草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT基因的克隆及表达分析

氮素是制约草坪草生长发育的重要因素之一,GS/GOGAT循环是植物氮同化的主要途径,谷氨酸合酶（glutamine：2-oxoglutarate amidotransferase,glutamate synthase,GOGAT）在植物氮素转化过程中发挥着重要的催化作用。本研究以草地早熟禾（Poa pratensis）为试材,基于二代测序RNA-seq相关数据,克隆得到草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT基因,并进行生物信息学分析。结果表明：草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT基因序列为3 236 bp,完整的开放阅读框（Open Reading Frame Finder,ORF）为1 338 bp,编码445个氨基酸残基组成的蛋白;预测NADH-GOGAT蛋白的分子量为49.89KD,等电点（isoelectric point,pI）为6.11,无信号肽,含有1个Glu_syn_central结构域,属于Glu_syn_central超级家族;二级结构以无规则卷曲、α-螺旋、延伸链和β-转角为主;同源进化分析结果表明草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT与硬粒黑小麦氨基酸序列相似度为97%。草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT基因在叶部的相对表达量高于根与茎,低氮浓度更有利于该基因的表达。NADH-GOGAT在干旱胁迫和水氮互作中表达差异显著（P<0.05）。草地早熟禾NADH-GOGAT基因的克隆,及相关序列分析和基因表达,对进一步研究该基因的功能和草地早熟禾GS/GOGAT循环的调控过程具有一定意义。     

图书馆知识管理创新在林业创新人才培养中的地位与作用

林业创新人才培养是林业发展的重要动力,没有林业创新人才培养就没有林业创新技术和林业科技的发展。林业创新人才培养离不开图书馆知识管理创新。图书馆知识管理创新涉及意识观念、体制、管理、人员素质、技术及服务等诸多因素。图书馆知识管理创新促进林业创新人才培养。林业创新人才培养与图书馆知识管理创新有着密切的关系。     

饲料企业进销存管理信息系统的功能分析与设计

根据饲料企业现状和发展趋势,综合饲料企业的物流管理,构建饲料企业的进销存管理信息系统,并引入地理信息系统,通过对空间数据的统计和分析,帮助决策企业运作政策。     

银中杨人工林抚育采伐技术研究

采用标准地调查方法,对初植密度为2 m×2m的银中杨人工林的抚育采伐开始期和采伐强度进行调查研究,确定抚育采伐开始期为8年生时,采伐强度为50%。研究确定了银中杨人工林的经营密度表,以期为生产经营提供依据。     

Transplantation of human amnion epithelial cells improves learning and memory function in Alzheimer's disease-like pathology rat model

AIM: To observe the treatment effect and its immune regulation of human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) on Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology rat model. METHODS: The hAECs were isolated from amnion with trypsin digestion, and the phenotype of hAECs was analyzed by flow cytometry. SD rats (n=48) were randomly divided into sham control group, model group, medium group and hAECs group. AD-like pathology rat model was induced by bilateral intraventricular injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). hAECs (5×10⁵) were injected into the hippocampus of the AD-like pathology rats. At 2 weeks after transplantation, the animals were tested by Morris water maze to observe the function of learning and memory. The pathological change of the brain was observed by HE staining. The expression of amyloid β-protein 42(Aβ42) and Tau protein and the level of acetylcholine (ACh) in the injury brain were determined by immunohistochemistry. The survival and differentiation of hAECs in the hippocampus were measured by immunofluorescent technique. The percentages of lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The contents of serum cytokines were detected by cytometric bead array. RESULTS: Compared with model group and medium group, hAECs group showed shortened escape latency (P<0.01), increased frequency of going through the platform (P<0.05), reduced loss of hippocampal neurons, decreased expression of Tau protein and Aβ42 in the hippocampus (P<0.05), increased ACh level in the hippocampus (P<0.05), decreased percentages of Th1 and Th17 subsets, increased percentages of Th2 and Treg cells (P<0.05), decreased concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-2 in the serum, and increased concentration of IL-4(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: hAECs improve the cognitive learning and memory function and alleviate pathologic damage of hippocampus through immune regulation in AD-like pathology rats.