鲁梅克斯K-1杂交酸模替代大豆后对生长育肥猪的饲喂效果试验

选用平均体重25kg左右的生长育肥猪(长白×杜洛克×互助猪)30头,按性别搭配随机分为对照组和试验组,对照组只喂基础日粮,试验组喂以用19％鲁梅克斯K-1杂交酸模干品完全替代19％大豆后配以其它组分不变的对照组日粮,通过饲喂试验,结果表明,试验组日增重比对照组降低1.79％,个体增重差异不显著(P>0.05),试验组比对照组每kg增重饲料成本降低26.35％,每kg增重饲料成本差异显著(P<0.05)。     

生化黄腐酸添加剂对生长兔促增重效果试验

该试验检验了生化黄腐酸添加剂饲喂生长兔的增重效果。结果表明,饲喂黄腐酸添加剂对生长兔的增重具有明显的促进作用(P<0.05)。     

育成鸡有机硒中毒实验研究

本试验用硒中毒地块玉米进行了实验研究,结果表明:试验Ⅰ组(日粮含Se8.06ppm)、Ⅱ组(日粮含Se 13.08ppm)于饲喂后第9天出现了中毒症状,第43天出现了死亡,对照组(日粮含Se 0.1164ppm)发育良好,无异常表现;第10天试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组Se GSH-px活性明显升高,组间差异显著(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组迫杀和试验Ⅱ组死亡鸡组织中硒含量明显高于对照组(P<0.01),组间差异显著(P<0.01),组织中硒水平顺序为肝>肾>胸肌>心肌;病理变化试验组以肝脏灶状坏死、心肌萎缩变性、肾曲细管上皮细胞变性坏死为主,对照组未见明显的一致性病变。     

限制因子学说和灰色关联分析 在冬小麦栽培中的应用研究

运用限制因子学说和灰色关联分析方法,探讨小麦品种多个主要农艺性状因子与产量的关系,确定影响产量的主要的性状限制因子。结果表明,在诸多性状因子中,最高茎数、穗数、穗粒数等性状因子,是冬小麦产量的主要性状限制因子,其它性状因子为非限制因子。进一步提出在冬小麦的栽培中,应以群体为基础,在达到一个合理的群体、保证穗数的前提下,主攻个体,采取相应的措施,增加穗粒数,为提高冬小麦产量打下基础。     

紫貂育成期饲用干配合饲料对其生长发育和营养利用率的影响

依据紫貂育成期饲粮适宜能量及蛋能比的研究结果,按原料比例不同,共设4个干配合料试验日粮配方。选用60～70日龄紫貂100只,随机分配到4个试验组和对照组(每组雄貂12只,雌貂8只)内。各试验组干配合料占日粮比例(占总能的％)为21％,对照组全喂鲜料。在饲养试验中期对40只幼貂(每组选雄貂4只,雌貂4只)进行消化代谢试验。结果表明,各试验组与对照组之问增重、毛皮质量、死亡率及自咬症发病率差异均不显著。各试验组与对照组间在能量消化率、能量代谢率上差异显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)。各试验组蛋白质消化率与对照组间差异极显著(P<0.01),而代谢率各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。综合分析表明,干配合饲料可部分替代鲜料。     

Morbidity in Swedish dairy calves from birth to 90 days of age and individual calf-level risk factors for infectious diseases

The health of 3081 heifer calves born in 122 dairy herds in the south-west of Sweden from 1 January to 31 December, 1998, was monitored from birth until 90 days of age. The calves were kept either in individual pens (n=2167), in group pens, with 3–8 calves to a pen and manual feeding of milk (n=440), in group pens with 6–30 calves per pen and an automatic milk-feeding system (n=431), or with their dams (n=43). Disease incidence was recorded by farmers and project veterinarians, who clinically examined the calves and auscultated their lungs every 2–3 months. A disease was graded as ‘severe’ if the general loss of condition or of appetite in the calf continued for >2 days or if the animal suffered severe weight loss due to the disease. The effects of season, breed, housing, and type of colostrum feeding, and time, place and supervision of calving on the incidences of diarrhea, severe diarrhea, respiratory disease, other infectious disease and moderately to severely increased respiratory sounds, were analyzed by logistic-regression models (with herd as a random effect). The total morbidity rate was 0.081 cases per calf-month at risk. Incidence rates of arthritis, diarrhea, omphalophlebitis, respiratory disease and ringworm were 0.002, 0.035, 0.005, 0.025 and 0.009 cases per calf-months at risk, respectively. The odds ratios for diarrhea and severe diarrhea were increased in Swedish Red and Whites (OR: 1.6, 2.3) and in calves that received colostrum from first-lactation cows (OR: 1.3–1.8), and for severe diarrhea in calves born in summer or that received colostrum through suckling (OR: 1.7, 1.8). The odds ratios for respiratory disease and increased respiratory sounds were increased in calves housed in large-group pens with an automatic milk-feeding system (OR: 2.2, 2.8). Supervision of calving was associated with a decreased odds ratio for respiratory disease (OR: 0.7) and birth in individual maternity pen or tie stalls with a decreased odds ratio for increased respiratory sounds (OR: 0.5–0.6). Cross-breeds with beef breeds were associated with increased odds ratios for increased respiratory sounds (OR: 2.1–4.3) and colostrum from second-lactation cows and birth during night for other infectious disease (OR: 1.6, 1.5).     

英国蘑菇现代化栽培模式

本文简要地介绍了英国双孢磨菇产业的发展模式，既集中－相对集中－分散的产业格局，以及由机械化，工厂化，电脑控制化的现代化栽培模式。     

A Preliminary Study on the Phenology ofTaxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc.

In this paper, the phenomena of the life cycle ofTaxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc., such as germination, leafing, flowing, seed mature, new shoot growth etc. were observed and measured. As a result, the phenological regularity ofTaxus cuspidata was found initially. At the same time, according to its five-day mean increment and height growth curve, the growing process of new shoot ofTaxus cuspidata was divided into three periods: slow period peak period and decline period. The paper supplied scientific data for the introduction of the rare and imminent variety, domestication, cultivating, exploiting, utilizing and protecting ofTaxus cuspidata. The research was supported by State Natural Science Foundation     

肉用兔生长阶段蛋白质需要量的研究

24只45±3日龄的塞北兔仔兔随机分为三组,采用饲养试验,氮平衡试验,屠宰试验及低氮日粮试验等方法研究肉兔生长阶段蛋白质的需要量。结果表明:(1)生长内兔的 EUN 为144mgN/W~(0.75)d,MFN 为182mgN/W~(0.75)d;(2)生长肉兔对蛋白质的消化率受日粮总蛋白的影响(P<0.01),随着日粮中精料蛋白所占比例的提高,日粮蛋白质的消化率提高(P<0.01);(3)肉用兔对蛋白质的代谢率受其采食量及试兔体重的双重影响(P<0.01),随着蛋白质采食量及体重的增大显著地下降。综合所有试验结果,析因法得出肉用兔代谢体重及平均日增重(ADG)与消化蛋白质采食量(DCPI)的关系式:DCPI(g/d)=2.60W~(0.75)+0.3587ADG(g)     

青刈黑麦适宜播量及播期效应研究

在河北低平原区对青刈黑麦的播量及播期效应进行的研究表明青刈黑麦以收获鲜草为目的适宜播量为165kg/hm2;适宜播期阈值下限为10月底;青刈黑麦的播期效应明显,随着播期的推迟导致其孕穗期、抽穗期、扬花期的延迟并使产量明显下降。根据研究结果分析,青刈黑麦可以利用果树冬春休眠期与果树进行间作,其进入果园生态系统是可行的。