草鱼口服出血病疫苗的免疫途径及效果

用草鱼出血病病毒疫苗处理鱼苗开口饵料 ,以口服法接种草鱼苗 ,分别于第 76、119d后测定了不同浓度下免疫草鱼的血清抗体滴度。采用方法简单、成本低廉的琼脂扩散法 ,即可测出有效免疫浓度下的血清抗体滴度为 1:8～ 1:16,相应浓度下的免疫保护力为 80 %～ 10 0 %     

寒旱食用百合种植区地表覆草技术研究

本研究旨在探究寒旱百合种植区地表覆草技术对土壤水热状况、理化性质、百合生长和产量的影响。采用随机区组设计,试验处理为露地（CK）、地表覆草（S）、地膜覆盖（M）,3次重复,共计9个处理。结果表明,百合地表覆草技术可以明显改善土壤水热状况,提高土壤理化性质指标含量,增加百合产量。相对于对照露地处理,表层土壤温度和含水量分别增加了18.86%、16.01%,土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别提高了75.61%、18.12%,21.04%、10.41%,株高、茎粗、球横径、球纵径、单球重和产量分别增加了8.26%、22.22%、16.55%、23.47%、32.83%、35.07%。综上所述,在寒旱百合种植区,地表覆草技术是一项重要的田间管理措施。     

棉子糖对草鱼生长性能和血清生化指标的影响

为了研究棉子糖对草鱼生长和血清生化指标的影响,选取初均重(69.51±6.29)g的草鱼288尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复16尾鱼.对照组饲喂基础饲料,试验组分别饲喂含200、400、800、1200和2000 mg/kg棉子糖的试验饲料,试验期为70 d.结果显示:与对照组相比,1)添加棉子糖能够提高草鱼的特定生长率,降低饲料系数,其中1200 mg/kg组与其余各组差异显著(P<0.05);2)各试验组蛋白质沉积率均有所提高,但无显著差异(P>0.05);脂肪沉积率除400 mg/kg组外,其余各试验组均显著升高(P<0.05);尤以1200 mg/kg组的蛋白质沉积率和脂肪沉积率最高;3)各试验组血清甘油三酯含量显著升高(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白含量均显著降低(P<0.05).由此得出:1)棉子糖能够提高草鱼对饲料的吸收利用,增强鱼体对脂肪的吸收并节约蛋白质,从而促进草鱼生长;2)棉子糖可以明显的起到调节草鱼脂质代谢的作用.     

草鱼SGLT1/2基因克隆及葡萄糖处理对其mRNA表达的影响

作为重要的转运载体,SGLTs(钠依赖性葡萄糖协同转运蛋白,sodium-glucose co-transporters)在物质的吸收过程中发挥着关键的作用.SGLT1和SGLT2作为SGLTs家族的重要成员,参与调节体内的葡萄糖吸收,从而维持血糖的稳态.为研究SGLT1和SGLT2在草鱼葡萄糖吸收过程中的作用,本实验...     

三种禾草萌发期抗旱性研究

采用蒸馏水及浓度为5%、10%、15%、20%和25%的PEG溶液处理梭罗草、青海草地早熟禾、垂穗披碱草种子,测定其发芽率、苗长、胚根/胚芽比值,以研究PEG对种子萌发的影响。结果显示:PEG浓度为5%时,青海草地早熟禾的相对发芽率出现小幅上升趋势,垂穗披碱草和梭罗草均呈下降趋势;不同处理对胚根/胚芽比值和苗长均有影响,梭罗草受影响小。因此这三种牧草在萌发期抗旱性依次为:梭罗草、青海草地早熟禾、垂穗披碱草。     

补播禾草对退化苜蓿草地生产性能及牧草品质的影响

针对宁夏半干旱区7龄以上苜蓿(Medicago sativa)草地退化导致的牧草产量低、品质差等问题,本试验采用单因素随机区组设计,研究了多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、披碱草(Elymus nutans)、苇状羊茅(Festuca arundi-nacea)、无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)、鸭...     

基于高分卫星遥感的天然草地牧草营养含量季节动态反演的研究

本试验选取了青海省海北地区的海晏县作为研究区域，按照返青期（4-6月）、盛草期（7-9月）、枯黄期（10-12月）和枯草期（1-3月）4个阶段，试图通过实地测量、实验室分析与高分遥感影像相结合，分别筛选与草地各营养指标含量相关性最优的植被指数，建立草地营养含量月际动态估测模型，旨在将高分卫星影像与地面高光谱数据相结合，初步探寻天然草地各营养指标含量的月际动态规律，对指导冷季补饲及实现草地资源最优配置具有重要意义。结果表明：结合高分遥感数据，针对不同月份分别筛选最佳反演模型，对各营养指标含量进行反演，以此分析草场各营养含量月际动态变化规律是可行的；牧草干物质、粗蛋白、钙和磷含量随着返青期-盛草期-枯黄期-枯草期的变化趋势，基本呈现先增后减型变化。4个阶段中，草场干物质和磷含量最大相差约6倍，粗蛋白含量最大相差约7倍，钙含量最大相差约17倍。     

多花黑麦草早期低刈的超补偿效应试验

研究多花黑麦草Lolium multiflorum受到胁迫时的反应机理,探讨了早期低刈对其分蘖、产量、品质的影响.结果表明,牧草早期低刈能促进其分蘖,增加产草量,提高牧草品质,具有超补偿效应;利用牧草的超补偿效应,在牧草栽培管理中通过人为因素限制地下根系的资源分配,使地上部分获得最大量的资源分配,从而达到增加牧草产量的目的.     

草鱼呼肠病毒研究进展

由草鱼呼肠病毒引起的草鱼出血病是一种高度传染性与致死性的病毒性疾病,该病的频繁暴发给我国草鱼养殖业及淡水养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失。论文就近年来对草鱼呼肠病毒在基因组序列及基因分型、流行病学、先天性免疫、检测方法、免疫防控等方面的研究进行综述,以期为草鱼呼肠病毒的研究提供借鉴和参考,为草鱼出血病预防和控制提供帮助。     

The effect of cutting time of grass silage in primary growth and regrowth and the interactions between silage quality and concentrate level on milk production of dairy cows

Two silages were prepared from the primary growth (PG) of timothy-meadow fescue sward at early (E) and late (L) stage of growth. The subsequent regrowth (RG) areas were further harvested at early (EE and LE) and late (EL and LL) stages of growth resulting in six silages in total. The silages were fed ad libitum to 24 lactating Finnish Ayrshire cows and supplemented with 8 or 12 kg concentrate per day in a cyclic change-over experiment with four 21-day periods and 6 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The quality of silages varied markedly within and between the harvests although variation was greater within PG than RG. Postponing the harvest in PG decreased silage dry matter (DM) intake by 0.48 kg and energy corrected milk yield (ECM) by 0.61 per 10 g decrease in silage D-value (concentration of digestible organic matter in DM), while responses and the range between the diets were clearly smaller when RG silages were fed. On average, ECM yield was higher when PG rather than RG silages were fed. The mean response to increased concentrate DM intake was 0.62 kg ECM using diets based on PG. The response increased with increasing growth stage of grass being 0.34 and 1.01 kg ECM / kg additional concentrate DM for E and L, respectively. The difference was mainly mediated by the differences in substitution rates (reduction in silage DM intake per increase in concentrate DM intake, kg/kg), which were 0.71 and 0.22 for E and L, respectively. The ECM response to increased concentrate allowance was on average greater when RG rather than PG silages (0.92 vs. 0.62 kg/kg concentrate) were fed. Milk production of dairy cows reflected the intake of metabolizable energy and no differences in the utilization of it were found between diets based on silages harvested from PG and RG. However, intake of RG silages was slightly lower than that of comparable PG silage, but definite reasons for that could not be identified.