山丹叶中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺

采用乙醇浸提法提取出了山丹叶中的总黄酮;对其中黄酮的种类进行了化学定性研究和紫外光谱定性研究;对山丹叶中黄酮的提取工艺进行了优化。结果表明:山丹叶含有黄酮类化合物,并且可能是黄酮醇类化合物;影响山丹叶中总黄酮提取效率的四大因素的影响次序为乙醇浓度提取时间提取温度料液比;山丹叶中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺为80℃下用50倍于山丹叶重量的80%的乙醇浸提4 h,提取液中黄酮含量可达到2.62%。     

微波场协同提取腊梅花总黄酮的研究

对微波提取腊梅花总黄酮的新工艺进行研究。结果表明,最佳的提取工艺为:原料0.500 g的腊梅花粉末,提取剂为60%乙醇,提取剂用量为1∶60(m/V),微波功率为464 W,提取时间为450 s,提取3次。与溶剂提取法相比,微波提取腊梅花总黄酮的每次提取时间从36 000 s减少为450 s,提取率从68.17%提高到94.61%。     

微波辅助乙醇提取大豆异黄酮的研究

以乙醇作为萃取剂,采用微波法从大豆中提取异黄酮,分别考察了微波功率、乙醇的体积分数、料液比和微波辐射时间对异黄酮提取量的影响.结果表明:从大豆中提取异黄酮的最佳工艺条件:微波功率400 w、乙醇的体积分数50%、料液比1:4、微波辐射时间5 min.在最佳工艺条件下,异黄酮的提取量1.3205 mg.g-1.与传统溶剂...     

分光光度法测定角果藜中总黄酮含量

[目的]建立角果藜中总黄酮含量的测定方法。[方法]采用加热回流法提取角果藜中的黄酮类化合物,以芦丁为标准品测定总黄酮含量。[结果]采用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮含量时,在0.019～0.102mg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好（r=0.9991）。方法的精密度和准确度均较高,相对标准偏差为0.226%,平均回收率为99.36%。测得角果藜中总黄酮含量为10.12mg/g。[结论]该方法操作简单,科学准确,适合用于角果藜中总黄酮含量的测定。     

延迟采收对葡萄果实多酚类物质含量的影响

以酿酒葡萄品种赤霞珠(Vitis vinifera L.cv.Cabernet Sauvignon)果实为试材,探讨了延迟采收对多酚类物质的影响。结果表明,采收期延迟至10月1日,葡萄果实内总酚、花色苷、类黄酮含量比正常采收期(9月11日)分别提高29%、65%、70%,但单宁含量变化较小。采收期延迟至10月21日,果实内单宁含量达到最大,比正常采收提高了108%。方差分析结果表明:总酚、花色苷、总类黄酮含量差异均达到极显著水平,单宁含量差异达到显著水平。因而,赤霞珠葡萄最佳采收期为10月1日至10日。     

直立型川麦冬黄酮含量变化规律的初步研究(英文)

[Objective] The experiment aimed to inquire into the regular pattern of the flavonoids content in erect type Ophiopogon jaonicus preliminarily.[Methods]In the main Ophiopogon jaonicus-producing area,we use the method of home position dynamic method to gather sample for experiments,use UV to determine the flavonoids content in Ophiopogon jaonicus and use correlation and regression method to analyze the relation between flavonoids content and the growth period of Ophiopogon jaonicus.[Results]The relation between flavonoids content(y1)and the growth period(x∥d)of erect type Ophiopogon jaonicus is:y=1.235 6lnx-4.748 9(n=7,50≤x≤730,0≤y≤3.128,r0.001=0.950 7,r=0.954 2).[Conclusion]During a determinate time(50≤x≤730),positive correlation exists between flavonoids content and the growth period of Ophiopogon jaonicus.Our research has a great importance in directing the scientific harvest and GAP production of erect type Ophiopogon jaonicus.     

In vitro antioxidant activity of ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Asteraceae) herb

The antioxidant activity in 70% aqueous acetone extracts of the herb of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Asteraceae was evaluated with regards to total polyphenol and flavonoid contents. Antioxidant activity has been assessed by two commonly used in vitro tests, based on determination of ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP assay) and DPPH free radical scavenging ability (DPPH assay), against butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), ascorbic acid and quercetin, which were used as positive control substances. The results of both antioxidant tests showed that the plant material expressed a considerable activity (DPPH IC₅₀ = 27.6 μg/ml; FRAP value = 2.37 mmol Fe²⁺/g), attributed to both flavonoid aglyca and resembling glycosides, as verified by dot-blot TLC analysis.     

大通县沙棘叶总黄酮含量测定

采用分光光度法,测定沙棘叶中总黄酮的含量,检测波长为415nm。经计算得到芦丁标准曲线的回归方程为y=8.3684×C+0.0049,相关系数R2=0.9996,精密度和稳定性试验的RSD分别为0.040%(n=6)和0.138%(n=6),平均回收率为99.05%,RSD为1.28%(n=5),样品的稳定性试验RSD为1.201%(60min)。此法操作简便,结果准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,是沙棘叶中黄酮含量测定的切实可行方法。结果表明,大通县沙棘叶鲜重总黄酮含量为95.87mg/g,高于其他研究人员对沙棘叶总黄酮含量的所有报道;与见报的其他植物叶片中总黄酮的含量相比,大通沙棘叶总黄酮含量也较高。     

Fruit quality in ‘Cripp's Pink’ apple,especially colour,as affected by preharvest sprays of aminoethoxyvinylglycine and ethephon

‘Cripp's Pink’ apple grown in Western Australia often develops poor colour at commercial harvest resulting in economic losses. To determine if fruit colour could be improved without advancing ripening, ‘Cripp's Pink’ apple fruit on trees were sprayed with aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) alone, ethephon alone, or AVG followed by ethephon. The experiments were conducted at two different locations in Western Australia in 2002 and 2003. Fruit sprayed with AVG alone had retarded colour development at harvest. However, ethephon applied after AVG enhanced percent red blush, anthocyanin concentration and reduced chlorophyll concentration in the fruit skin in both locations. These fruit had similar colour to those treated with ethephon alone. Internal ethylene concentration and fruit firmness were unaffected by the different treatments in 2002. However, in 2003 AVG with or without ethephon reduced internal ethylene concentration and maintained firmness compared to ethephon alone. In conclusion, AVG treatment alone delayed colour development and ripening of ‘Cripp's Pink’, while AVG application 5 weeks before harvest followed by an ethephon application 2 weeks later enhanced red colour at commercial harvest. This is, therefore, an effective tool for improving colour of ‘Cripp's Pink’ apples at commercial harvest without adversely affecting other fruit quality attributes.     

过表达FtbZIP5提高苦荞毛状根黄酮积累及其耐盐性

bZIP转录因子不仅在植物盐胁迫网络中起着重要的作用,还可调节植物类黄酮的积累。在苦荞品种川荞1号中克隆了1个具有转录激活活性的bZIP家族基因FtbZIP5。FtbZIP5基因能被NaCl和脱落酸（ABA）诱导表达,在茎和叶中的表达高于根中。对过表达FtbZIP5基因毛状根的总黄酮含量进行检测,结果显示,总黄酮含量在过表达株系中显著高于野生株系。同时检测其类黄酮合成途径中关键酶基因的表达量,其中黄烷酮-3-羟化酶基因（F3H）的表达量较高。可推测该过表达毛状根株系中总黄酮的积累与F3H的表达有关。在NaCl（100mmol/L）胁迫下,各株系的总黄酮积累受到抑制,过表达株系的含量减少至0.63mg/g。并且,在这种压力下,F3H的表达水平仍然高于对照。植株在受到胁迫后,对照株系的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著低于过表达株系。随着野生型植株受到胁迫的增强丙二醛（MDA）含量增加,但过表达株系的含量趋于稳定。以上结果表明,在过表达FtbZIP5毛状根中,总黄酮的积累可能是通过关键酶基因F3H的上调表达来调节的。并且FtbZIP5可提高苦荞毛状根耐盐性。通过解析FtbZIP5对苦荞毛状根中总黄酮积累及植株耐盐性的影响,为荞麦耐盐性和解析其耐盐机制研究奠定基础。