Insect‐based diets high in lauric acid reduce liver lipids in freshwater Atlantic salmon

We evaluated the effect of a diet containing insect meal and insect oil on nutrient utilization, tissue fatty acid profile and lipid metabolism of freshwater Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Insect meal and insect oil from black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens, L.; BSF), naturally high in lauric acid (12:0), were used to produce five experimental diets for an eight‐week feeding trial. 85% of the dietary protein was replaced by insect meal and/or all the vegetable oil was replaced by one of two types of insect oil. A typical industrial diet, with protein from fishmeal and soy protein concentrate (50:50) and lipids from fish oil and vegetable oil (33:66), was fed to a control group. The dietary BSF larvae did not modify feed intake or whole body lipid content. Despite the high content of saturated fatty acids in the insect‐based diets, the apparent digestibility coefficients of all fatty acids were high. There was a decrease in liver triacylglycerols of salmon fed the insect‐based diets compared to the fish fed the control diet. This is likely due to the rapid oxidation and low deposition of the medium‐chain fatty acid lauric acid.     

地膜覆盖、FA旱地龙在师宗经果林建设中的应用

经果林营造是小流域水保生态建设的重要内容。为在旱季提高苗木的成活率,在溜子田小流域经果林建设中采用了地膜覆盖和喷施FA旱地龙技术。地膜覆盖能保证树苗根部有足够的水分供应,FA旱地龙能减少植株水分蒸腾,从而使苗木成活率达96％以上。这两种技术措施对植株增高也有显著作用。     

盐渍土熟化过程中腐殖质特性的研究

综合研究了河北省曲周试验区不同改良年代盐渍土的有机质含量、腐殖质组成、含氧官能团含量及腐殖质红外光谱特征等。研究结果表明：随着盐渍土治理年限的延长，施肥及管理水平的提高，从盐荒地经三代、二代到一代试验区，土壤有机质含量逐步提高；有机质的质量也得到改善，主要表现在：腐殖质总量提高、胡富比增大、E465／E665比值减少、官能团含量上升等。红外光谱分析结果表明：试验区土壤腐殖质是极相似的多官能团复杂体系，表现在胡敏酸的类型上，由盐荒地到一代试区土壤胡敏酸逐渐由Rp型向B型转变，表明土壤腐殖质向着结构复杂化、功能多样化方向发展。盐渍土有机质含量和质量逐渐接近当地非盐渍土——浅色草甸土的水平。     

Study on the Lime Shape in the Essential System of Activated FA with Water Reducer

This paper studies the lime shape in the essential system of activated FA with water reducer.It shows that the water reducer has passive influence on activation of FA when lime is unslaked,and it will have positive influence when lime is slaked.A primary analysis has been done.     

土壤中水溶性有机质的结构特征及环境意义

采用元素分析，^1H—NMR和FTIR研究了3种水稻土中水溶性有机质(DOM)的组成及结构特征，并与富里酸(FA)、胡敏酸(HA)进行了比较。结果表明，DOM主要由碳水化合物组成，芳香族物质少，烷基链烃含量少且支链短，分子结构简单；HA含有大量的芳香族不饱和物质，烷基链烃含量多且支链长；FA含有大量的羧基官能团。3种土壤HA的结构组成相似，而DOM则变化较大，即桑园土壤DOM碳水化合物含量相对较多；水杉土壤DOM烷烃物质和芳香族不饱和物质较多，而碳水化合物相对少；水田土壤DOM介于两者之间。     

黄腐酸对番茄秧苗运贮过程中内源激素的影响

研究黄腐酸(FA)对番茄秧苗在模拟运贮期间的内源激素的变化。试验结果表明:在秧苗贮运期间,黄腐酸处理的秧苗内源激素IAA、ZR和GA3含量都显著高于在运贮期间没有进行黄腐酸处理的番茄秧苗,ABA含量低于没有进行黄腐酸处理的番茄秧苗。黄腐酸处理可在一定程度上减轻与延缓秧苗运贮中的“胁迫性衰变”,在一定程度上起到保持运贮番茄秧苗质量的作用。     

牦牛FASN基因多态性及其与肉质性状的相关性研究

利用PCR-SSCP技术,对甘南牦牛、大通牦牛和天祝白牦牛的FASN基因第3内含子进行SNPs筛选,并将筛选到的突变位点与牦牛部分肉质性状进行相关性分析.结果发现,3个牦牛群体在第3内含子检测到g.5477 C→T的突变,由此产生3种基因型：HH、HG、GG.相关性分析表明,HH基因型和HG基因型个体的脂肪含量显著高于GG基因型个体（P＜0.05）.HH、HG、GG 3种基因型对失水率、熟肉率、pH24值和剪切力的影响差异不显著（P＞0.05）.     

秸杆覆盖与抗旱剂对烟田土壤水分及烟株生长的影响

在烟田内进行了秸杆覆盖、秸杆覆盖－抗旱剂组合的试验，以覆盖、常规栽培为对照。结果表明，秸杆覆盖、抗旱剂、秸秆覆盖－抗旱剂具有明显保持土壤水分的作用，保持土壤水分的效果随秸杆覆盖、秸杆覆盖－抗旱剂量的增加而增加；秸杆覆盖、抗旱剂、秸杆覆盖－抗旱剂可明显改善烟株农艺性状，提高烟草产量和产值。兼顾烟草的产量和质量，秸杆覆盖600kg/hm^2，并喷洒抗旱剂420g/hm2最理想。     

Effects of Free Ammonium and pH on Partial Nitrification Process

Through an activated sludge SBR reactor,the authors study the influence of FA concentration and pH on the partial nitrification of low C/N nitric wastewater.It can be known that low C/N nitric wastewater can realize stable nitrite accumulation to 90%.Maintaining the pH between 6.5~8.5 is suitable for the growth of ammonium oxidation bacteria.While FA rising,the inhibition of ammonium oxidation bacteria is quick,but nitrite oxidation bacteria's is slow.By(adapting) for some time,ammonium oxidation bacteria gain the dominance,and nitrite oxidation bacteria in pessimum,which leads to the nitrite accumulation.Relatively high FA concentration is avail for the competition of ammonium oxidation bacteria.Suitable FA concentration is 7~10 mg/L.Process with long MCRT can not realize stable partial nitrification.The bacillar sludge is its typical feature.     

抗旱节水剂在葡萄栽培上的应用试验研究

通过保水剂、旱地龙、BGA土壤激活剂3种抗旱节水剂在葡萄种植上的田间试验，分析多种抗旱节水剂集成应用对土壤含水率、葡萄产量、葡萄品质(主要指可溶性固形物)的影响。结果表明，保水剂、旱地龙、BGA土壤激活剂在旱地果园的抗旱保墒中均有一定的效果，对于提高葡萄的品质和产量起着积极作用。